PrettyTable介绍与基本使用（二）

PrettyTable介绍与基本使用（二）

   接上次的PrettyTable使用介绍，继续介绍PrettyTable的用法。

表格对齐方式

   使用align属性，配置表格数据的对齐方式，"l"，"r"，"c"分别代表左对齐，右对齐，居中对齐， 默认情况下，均使用居中对齐。对整个表的设置使用：

x.align = "r"

   对某一列进行设置，只需要提供对应的字段名， 默认情况下，均使用居中对齐。：

x.align["City name"] = "l"
x.align["Area"] = "c"
x.align["Population"] = "r"
x.align["Annual Rainfall"] = "c"
print(x)

表格排序

   PrettyTable可以对表格进行排序，类似数据库的排序。但功能还是有限。只要设置get_string函数中的参数sortby。默认使用的是升序。可以通过设置reversesort=True来实现降序。

print(x.get_string(sortby="Population"))

print(x.get_string(sortby="Population",reversesort=True))

   以上排序只是在输出的时候进行排序，而不会对原始表格排序，如果希望改变表格的排序方式，可以使用表格的属性sortby。

from prettytable import PrettyTable
x = PrettyTable()
x.title = 'Table 1  City Info'
x.field_names = ["City name", "Area", "Population", "Annual Rainfall"]
x.add_row(["Adelaide", 1295, 1158259, 600.5])
x.add_row(["Brisbane", 5905, 1857594, 1146.4])
x.add_row(["Darwin", 112, 120900, 1714.7])
x.add_row(["Hobart", 1357, 205556, 619.5])
x.add_row(["Sydney", 2058, 4336374, 1214.8])
x.add_row(["Melbourne", 1566, 3806092, 646.9])
x.add_row(["Perth", 5386, 1554769, 869.4])
print(x.get_string(sortby="Population",reversesort=True))
print(x)
x.sortby = "Population"
print(x)

   当然，可以设置x.reversesort = True实现降序。通过设置x.sortby = None取消表格的排序。

表格样式

   PrettyTable使用set_style设置表格样式，默认定义了几种样式（使用时候需要从prettytable中导入）：

• MSWORD_FRIENDLY
• DEFAULT
• MARKDOWN
• ORGMODE
• DOUBLE_BORDER

from prettytable import PrettyTable
from prettytable import MSWORD_FRIENDLY,DEFAULT,PLAIN_COLUMNS,MARKDOWN,ORGMODE,DOUBLE_BORDER

x = PrettyTable()
x.title = 'Table 1  City Info'
x.field_names = ["City name", "Area", "Population", "Annual Rainfall"]
x.add_row(["Adelaide", 1295, 1158259, 600.5])
x.add_row(["Brisbane", 5905, 1857594, 1146.4])
x.add_row(["Darwin", 112, 120900, 1714.7])
x.add_row(["Hobart", 1357, 205556, 619.5])
x.add_row(["Sydney", 2058, 4336374, 1214.8])
x.add_row(["Melbourne", 1566, 3806092, 646.9])
x.add_row(["Perth", 5386, 1554769, 869.4])

x.set_style(MSWORD_FRIENDLY)
print(x)
x.set_style(DEFAULT)
print(x)
x.set_style(PLAIN_COLUMNS)
print(x)
x.set_style(MARKDOWN)
print(x)
x.set_style(ORGMODE)
print(x)
x.set_style(DOUBLE_BORDER)
print(x)

自定义表格样式

   除了上面说的默认定义好的表格样式，我们也可以自定义表格样式。PrettyTable提供了一系列表格样式的选项，供我们设置。

• border - A boolean option (must be True or False). Controls whether or not a border is drawn around the table.
• header - A boolean option (must be True or False). Controls whether or not the first row of the table is a header showing the names of all the fields.
• hrules - Controls printing of horizontal rules after rows. Allowed values: FRAME, HEADER, ALL, NONE - note that these are variables defined inside the prettytable module so make sure you import them or use prettytable.FRAME etc.
• vrules - Controls printing of vertical rules between columns. Allowed values: FRAME, ALL, NONE.
• int_format - A string which controls the way integer data is printed. This works like: print(“%<int_format>d” % data)
• float_format - A string which controls the way floating point data is printed. This works like: print(“%<float_format>f” % data)
• padding_width - Number of spaces on either side of column data (only used if left and right paddings are None).
• left_padding_width - Number of spaces on left hand side of column data.
• right_padding_width - Number of spaces on right hand side of column data.
• vertical_char - Single character string used to draw vertical lines. Default is |.
• horizontal_char - Single character string used to draw horizontal lines. Default is -.
• junction_char - Single character string used to draw line junctions. Default is +.
• top_junction_char - single character string used to draw top line junctions. Default is junction_char.
• bottom_junction_char - single character string used to draw bottom line junctions. Default is junction_char.
• right_junction_char - single character string used to draw right line junctions. Default is junction_char.
• left_junction_char - single character string used to draw left line junctions. Default is junction_char.
• top_right_junction_char - single character string used to draw top-right line junctions. Default is junction_char.
• top_left_junction_char - single character string used to draw top-left line junctions. Default is junction_char.
• bottom_right_junction_char - single character string used to draw bottom-right line junctions. Default is junction_char
• bottom_left_junction_char - single character string used to draw bottom-left line junctions. Default is junction_char.
     和sortby类似，可以仅仅设置一次样式（不改变原来的表，通过get_string函数），可以设置长久的样式（直接对原表设置）。

长久设置

x = PrettyTable()
x.border = False
x.header = False
x.padding_width = 5
x = PrettyTable(border=False, header=False, padding_width=5)

设置一次

print(x)
print(x.get_string(border=False))
print(x)

Json数据格式导出

   PrettyTable支持Json数据导出，使用get_json_string()。返回一个列表，列表第一项为列字段名，其后的每一个json对象对应一行数据，键对应字段名，值对应数据。并且按照字母顺序排序好了。

from prettytable import PrettyTable
from prettytable import MSWORD_FRIENDLY,DEFAULT

x = PrettyTable()
x.title = 'Table 1  City Info'
x.field_names = ["City name", "Area", "Population", "Annual Rainfall"]
x.add_row(["Adelaide", 1295, 1158259, 600.5])
x.add_row(["Brisbane", 5905, 1857594, 1146.4])
x.add_row(["Darwin", 112, 120900, 1714.7])
x.add_row(["Hobart", 1357, 205556, 619.5])
x.add_row(["Sydney", 2058, 4336374, 1214.8])
x.add_row(["Melbourne", 1566, 3806092, 646.9])
x.add_row(["Perth", 5386, 1554769, 869.4])

print(x.get_json_string())

HTML数据格式导出

   PrettyTable支持HTML数据导出，使用get_html_string()。和get_string()类似，get_html_string()支持fields, start, end, sortby 和 reversesort参数。

print(x.get_html_string())

   可以传递一个参数临时设置打印的格式，此格式包含了css样式。当然也可以永久设置。

print(x.get_html_string(format=True))

x.format = True

   甚至我们可以直接设置表格的HTML属性。注意这个HTML属性设置只是针对table标签。只需要给get_html_string的attributes属性传递一个字典，字典的键对应HTML的属性，字典的值对应HTML的属性值。并且，传递的字典的键必须是HTML合法的属性。例如name，class。

print(x.get_html_string(attributes={"name":"my_table", "class":"red_table"}))

截取表格

   可以从原来的表格中取出部分数据，生成新的表格，这个python的列表是类似的。

from prettytable import PrettyTable
from prettytable import MSWORD_FRIENDLY,DEFAULT

x = PrettyTable()
x.title = 'Table 1  City Info'
x.field_names = ["City name", "Area", "Population", "Annual Rainfall"]
x.add_row(["Adelaide", 1295, 1158259, 600.5])
x.add_row(["Brisbane", 5905, 1857594, 1146.4])
x.add_row(["Darwin", 112, 120900, 1714.7])
x.add_row(["Hobart", 1357, 205556, 619.5])
x.add_row(["Sydney", 2058, 4336374, 1214.8])
x.add_row(["Melbourne", 1566, 3806092, 646.9])
x.add_row(["Perth", 5386, 1554769, 869.4])
print(x)
new_table = x[0:5]
print(new_table)