经常要给服务器增加epel源，这里记录一下，省得老是上网查epel的地址。


一、概述：

epel是一种yum仓库，里面提供了更多、更丰富的linux软件，但是，它不是默认的yum仓库，我们需要手工添加这个yum源。


以下就是添加这个yum源的方法：


二、开始添加epel yum源


epel源是fedora的软件计划，为此，我们可以登录任意一个fedora的镜像。


我们这里使用搜狐的镜像，http://mirrors.sohu.com


然后，找到fedora-epel,


http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/


在列表里找到：6server，（这里指的是linux的发行版，具体，按照自己的情况来，是5.X,就找5，是6.X，就找6,比如，是6.Xserver系列等，就找6server）。


接着，从链接 http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/6Server/ 进入，

继续根据自己的安装发行版选择，是i386还是X86_64，


我这里 选择的是X86_64,点击链接，就进入了：


http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/6Server/x86_64/


接下来会列出很多软件，用浏览器搜一下epel，会找到一个

epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

复制该软件包的地址，然后用 wget下载它

[root@localhost ~]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/6Server/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
--2014-08-18 11:42:06--  http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/6Server/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
正在解析主机 mirrors.sohu.com... 119.188.36.70
正在连接 mirrors.sohu.com|119.188.36.70|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：14540 (14K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
正在保存至: “epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm”

100%[============================================================>] 14,540      --.-K/s   in 0.03s   

2014-08-18 11:42:06 (426 KB/s) - 已保存 “epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm” [14540/14540])


下载完毕，安装它：

[root@localhost ~]# yum localinstall  epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Setting up Local Package Process
Examining epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm: epel-release-6-8.noarch
Marking epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm to be installed
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.btte.net
 * extras: mirror.neu.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.btte.net
base                                                                           | 3.7 kB     00:00     
extras                                                                         | 3.4 kB     00:00     
updates                                                                        | 3.4 kB     00:00     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:6-8 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

======================================================================================================
 Package                 Arch              Version          Repository                           Size
======================================================================================================
Installing:
 epel-release            noarch            6-8              /epel-release-6-8.noarch             22 k

Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)

Total size: 22 k
Installed size: 22 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : epel-release-6-8.noarch                                                            1/1 
  Verifying  : epel-release-6-8.noarch                                                            1/1 

Installed:
  epel-release.noarch 0:6-8                                                                           

Complete!


安装完毕，导入gpg-key

[root@localhost ~]# rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6


然后，清空一下yum的缓存之类的

[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Cleaning repos: base epel extras updates
Cleaning up Everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors


再重建yum cache:

[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Determining fastest mirrors
epel/metalink                                                                  | 5.1 kB     00:00     
 * base: mirrors.btte.net
 * epel: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.btte.net
base                                                                           | 3.7 kB     00:00     
base/group_gz                                                                  | 220 kB     00:00     
base/filelists_db                                                              | 5.9 MB     00:01     
base/primary_db                                                                | 4.4 MB     00:01     
base/other_db                                                                  | 2.8 MB     00:00     
epel                                                                           | 4.4 kB     00:00     
epel/group_gz                                                                  | 237 kB     00:00     
epel/filelists_db                                                              | 9.0 MB     00:04     
epel/primary_db                                                                | 6.3 MB     00:02     
epel/other_db                                                                  | 3.6 MB     00:01     
epel/updateinfo                                                                | 841 kB     00:00     
extras                                                                         | 3.4 kB     00:00     
extras/filelists_db                                                            |  11 kB     00:00     
extras/prestodelta                                                             |  907 B     00:00     
extras/primary_db                                                              |  19 kB     00:00     
extras/other_db                                                                | 5.8 kB     00:00     
updates                                                                        | 3.4 kB     00:00     
updates/filelists_db                                                           | 2.7 MB     00:00     
updates/prestodelta                                                            | 434 kB     00:00     
updates/primary_db                                                             | 4.7 MB     00:00     
updates/other_db                                                               |  41 MB     00:06     
Metadata Cache Created


可以看到，epel源已经加进来了。


我们可以尝试来下载属于epel仓库的软件，比如lrzsz

[root@localhost ~]# yum install lrzsz
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.btte.net
 * epel: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn
 * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.btte.net
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package lrzsz.x86_64 0:0.12.20-27.1.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

======================================================================================================
 Package              Arch                  Version                         Repository           Size
======================================================================================================
Installing:
 lrzsz                x86_64                0.12.20-27.1.el6                base                 71 k

Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)

Total download size: 71 k
Installed size: 159 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64.rpm                                              |  71 kB     00:00     
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64                                                      1/1 
  Verifying  : lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64                                                      1/1 

Installed:
  lrzsz.x86_64 0:0.12.20-27.1.el6                                                                     

Complete!


好了，现在可以下载epel仓库的软件了。