3月31日,Nemerle发布了它的0.2.10版本。在这篇文章中,我们通过Nemerle的Tutorial来看看这种.net上的新语言。
Nemerle is a new functional language designed from the ground up for the .NET. In this paper we have focused on features absent in traditional ML-like and object-oriented languages: variant inheritance, assertions and powerful code-generating macros. We also gave concern for the syntax and the “spirit” of Nemerle that makes it a good transition language for programmers with C# background.
这是Nemerle的intro里对它的介绍,为了保证准确性,我们引用了全文。而它的一些特性我们通过下面的几个例子来概览Nemerle.
![None.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![None.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![None.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![None.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![ExpandedBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
![ExpandedBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)
这个程序实现了输入两个数并输出他们的和。从这段代码里,我们可以清晰的看到void等返回类型都写到了右边的冒号后面,而且在使用using的时候,引用的不单单是命名空间(namespace),还可以引用类的成员了,这样使得我们的WriteLine()和ReadLine()函数都可以直接的使用。
我们换一种方式来实现
![None.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![None.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![None.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![ExpandedBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
![ExpandedBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)
事实上我们更希望使用这种方法来实现我们的目的。在Main()函数里我们
定义了两个值x和y,是通过def关键字实现的,您也看到了我们并没有写出
变量究竟是什么类型的,编译器看到ReadInteger返回int型后就把x定义
为int型变量了。我们称之为类型推断(Type Inference)
![None.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![ExpandedBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
![ExpandedBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)
![None.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![ExpandedBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
![ExpandedBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)
![None.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![ExpandedBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
![ExpandedBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)
这段程序从(3)处结束并返回结果,而参数的累加结果正是最后输出的line_no的值.