eigrp不等价负载均衡：
 
实验拓扑：
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
实验目的：
    实现eigrp的不等价均衡

r1配置：
Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#enable secret abc
Router(config)#line console 0
Router(config-line)#password abc
Router(config-line)#login
Router(config-line)#logging synchronous
Router(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0
Router(config-line)#exi
Router(config)#no ip domain lookup
Router(config)#no cdp run
Router(config)#hostname r1
 
r1(config)#in s1/0
r1(config-if)#ip add 219.146.0.1 255.255.255.0
r1(config-if)#no shut
r1(config-if)#in s1/1
r1(config-if)#ip add 219.146.1.1 255.255.255.0
r1(config-if)#no shut
r1(config-if)#exi
 
r1(config)#router eigrp 10    //自治系统号有全局属性
r1(config-router)#network 219.146.0.0 0.0.0.255   //添加直连网络
r1(config-router)#network 219.146.1.0 0.0.0.255   //也可以不加反掩码
r1(config-router)#exi
 

r2配置：
Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#enable secret abc
Router(config)#line console 0
Router(config-line)#password abc
Router(config-line)#login
Router(config-line)#logging synchronous
Router(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0
Router(config-line)#exi
Router(config)#no ip domain lookup
Router(config)#no cdp run
Router(config)#hostname r2
 
r2(config)#in s1/0
r2(config-if)#ip add 219.146.2.1 255.255.255.0
r2(config-if)#no shut
r2(config-if)#in s1/1
r2(config-if)#ip add 219.146.1.2 255.255.255.0
r2(config-if)#no shut
r2(config-if)#exi
 
r2(config)#router eigrp 10    //因为自治系统号有全局属性，所以必须一样
r2(config-router)#network 219.146.1.0 0.0.0.255     //添加直连网络
r2(config-router)#network 219.146.2.0 0.0.0.255
r2(config-router)#exi
 

r3配置：
Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#enable secret abc
Router(config)#line console 0
Router(config-line)#password abc
Router(config-line)#login
Router(config-line)#logging synchronous
Router(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0
Router(config-line)#exi
Router(config)#no ip domain lookup
Router(config)#no cdp run
Router(config)#hostname r3
 
r3(config)#in s1/0
r3(config-if)#ip add 219.146.0.2 255.255.255.0
r3(config-if)#no shut
r3(config-if)#in s1/1
r3(config-if)#ip add 219.146.2.2 255.255.255.0
r3(config-if)#no shut
r3(config-if)#exi
 
r3(config)#router eigrp 10    //自治系统号必须相同，否则不能交换路由表
r3(config-router)#network 219.146.0.0 0.0.0.255   //添加直连网络
r3(config-router)#network 219.146.2.0 0.0.0.255
r3(config-router)#exi
 
把所有接口的带宽配置成一样。
r1(config)#in s1/0
r1(config-if)# bandwidth 64   //带宽设为64kb/s
r1(config-if)#in s1/1
r1(config-if)#bandwidth 64
r1(config-if)#exi

r2(config)#in s1/1
r2(config-if)#bandwidth 64
r2(config-if)#in s1/0
r2(config-if)#band 64
r2(config-if)#exi

r3(config)#in s1/0
r3(config-if)#band 64
r3(config-if)#in s1/1
r3(config-if)#band 64
r3(config-if)#exi

查看r3的路由表：
r3(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C    219.146.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1
C    219.146.0.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
D    219.146.1.0/24 [ 90/41024000] via 219.146.2.1, 00:02:45, Serial1/1
                    [ 90/41024000] via 219.146.0.1, 00:02:45, Serial1/0
在r3上实现等价负载均衡。

r1(config)#in s1/1
r1(config-if)# delay 10  //在r1的s1/1接口上把延迟设为10
r1(config-if)#exi
 
再来查看一下r3的路由表：
r3(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C    219.146.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1
C    219.146.0.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
D    219.146.1.0/24 [90/40514560] via 219.146.0.1, 00:01:35, Serial1/0
 
已经没有了负载均衡。
 
在r3上执行：
r3(config)#router eigrp 10
r3(config-router)# variance 2   //设最大不等价数为2
r3(config-router)#exi
 
查看r3路由表：
r3(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C    219.146.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1
C    219.146.0.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
D    219.146.1.0/24 [ 90/41024000] via 219.146.2.1, 00:00:24, Serial1/1
                    [ 90/40514560] via 219.146.0.1, 00:00:24, Serial1/0

已经实现了不等价负载均衡。
 
在r1上执行相同的操作：
r1(config)#router eigrp 10
r1(config-router)#variance 2
r1(config-router)#exi
 
查看r1的路由表：
r1(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
D    219.146.2.0/24 [ 90/40514560] via 219.146.1.2, 00:00:16, Serial1/1
                    [ 90/41024000] via 219.146.0.2, 00:00:16, Serial1/0
C    219.146.0.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
C    219.146.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1
r1同样也实现了不等价负载均衡。

同样：
r2(config)#router eigrp 10
r2(config-router)#variance 2
r2(config-router)#exi
查看r2的路由表：
r2(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C    219.146.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
D    219.146.0.0/24 [ 90/41024000] via 219.146.2.2, 00:00:52, Serial1/0
                    [ 90/41024000] via 219.146.1.1, 00:00:52, Serial1/1
C    219.146.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1
 
但r2还是等价负载均衡。
为什么r2上就不一样呢，这就要知道eigrp度量值的算法了：
 
eigrp度量值＝（10的7次方/带宽+延迟的和/10）*256
同样，大于1的值直接去掉小数部分，不四舍五入，小于1的值取1.
igrp度量值就是不乘以256.
 
要想其他路由器也实现非等价负载均衡，操作同上。