1. 代码
public class A {
public static int num01 = B.num02;
public static A instance01_a = new A("A的对象"); // 打印输出二:执行构造函数 A
public static final int finalInt = (int) (Math.random()*100);
public static B instance02_b = new B("B的对象"); // 打印输出三:执行构造函数 B
public static final String finalStr = "finalStr";
public static final Integer finalInteger = new Integer(10);
public static int num02 = 1;
public static C instance03_c = null;
public A(String from){
System.out.println("------------begin A::A------------");
System.out.println("A::A, from = "+from);
System.out.println("A::A, A.num01 = "+A.num01);
System.out.println("A::A, B.num02 = "+B.num02);
System.out.println("A::A, B.instance_a = "+B.instance_a);
System.out.println("------------end A::A------------");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("main, A.num01 = "+ A.num01);
System.out.println("main, B.num01 = "+B.num01);
System.out.println("main, C.instance = "+C.instance_a); // 打印输出四:构造函数 A
}
}
class B{
public static int num01 = A.num02;
public static A instance_a = new A("A的对象"); // 打印输出一:执行构造函数 A
public static int num02 = 1;
public B(String from){
System.out.println("------------start B::B------------");
System.out.println("B::B, from = "+from);
System.out.println("B::B, B.num02 = "+num02);
System.out.println("B::B, A.num02 = "+A.num02);
System.out.println("B::B, A.instance02_b = "+A.instance02_b);
System.out.println("B::B, A.instance01_a = " +A.instance01_a);
System.out.println("B::B, A.finalInt = "+A.finalInt);
System.out.println("B::B, A.finalStr = "+A.finalStr);
System.out.println("B::B, A.finalInteger = "+A.finalInteger);
System.out.println("------------end B::B------------");
}
}
class C{
public static final A instance_a = new A("A的对象");
}
2. 打印结果:
------------begin A::A------------
A::A, from = A的对象
A::A, A.num01 = 0
A::A, B.num02 = 0
A::A, B.instance_a = null
------------end A::A------------
------------begin A::A------------
A::A, from = A的对象
A::A, A.num01 = 1
A::A, B.num02 = 1
A::A, B.instance_a = cn.zzz.day03.A@7852e922
------------end A::A------------
------------start B::B------------
B::B, from = B的对象
B::B, B.num02 = 1
B::B, A.num02 = 0
B::B, A.instance02_b = null
B::B, A.instance01_a = cn.zzz.day03.A@70dea4e
B::B, A.finalInt = 97
B::B, A.finalStr = finalStr
B::B, A.finalInteger = null
------------end B::B------------
main, A.num01 = 1
main, B.num01 = 0
------------begin A::A------------
A::A, from = A的对象
A::A, A.num01 = 1
A::A, B.num02 = 1
A::A, B.instance_a = cn.zzz.day03.A@7852e922
------------end A::A------------
main, C.instance = cn.zzz.day03.A@5c647e05
3.初始化过程分析:(只分析打印的第一个构造函数中)
(1)只有主动请求一个类时,该类才会初始化。初始化仅包括静态变量、函数等静态部分
(2)继承关系时先初始化父类,再初始化子类
(3)静态变量会按照声明顺序,依次声明并设置该类型的默认值,(此时不赋值为初始化的值)
(4)声明完毕后,再按照声明顺序依次设置为初始化的值,如果没有初始化则跳过
(5)当初始化到A.num01 = B.num02时,暂停初始化A.num01,设置当前类为B,跳转到步骤3并执行
(6)当初始化到 B.instance_a = new A("A的对象")时,暂停初始化B.instance_a, 实例化A并赋值给B.instance_a
(7)(接上)实例化A的过程中,需要B.num02, B.num02的当前值为默认值0。 【B.instance_a的值,但是后者还未初始化并处于暂停状态】; B.instance_a也是如此,当前值为null。