Plist文件是以.plist为结尾的文件的总称. 众所周知, Plist在Mac OSX系统中起着举足轻重的作用,就如同Windows里面的Registry一样,系统和程序使用Plist文件来存储自己的安装/配置/属性等信息。正如可以使用命令行命令来处理大多数系统管理一样,操作Plist文件也是系统提供的。
所幸有PlistBuddy工具,这个工具通过它的简单语法就可以操作嵌套的键值。如果你的系统没有PlistBudy可以安装苹果的开发工具。
基本的使用可以查看man文档或者是在线帮助:
$ plistbuddy -h
Command Format:
Help - Prints this information
Exit - Exits the program, changes are not saved to the file
Save - Saves the current changes to the file
Revert - Reloads the last saved version of the file
Clear [<Type>] - Clears out all existing entries, and creates root of Type
Print [<Entry>] - Prints value of Entry. Otherwise, prints file
Set <Entry> <Value> - Sets the value at Entry to Value
Add <Entry> <Type> [<Value>] - Adds Entry to the plist, with value Value
Copy <EntrySrc> <EntryDst> - Copies the EntrySrc property to EntryDst
Delete <Entry> - Deletes Entry from the plist
Merge <file.plist> [<Entry>] - Adds the contents of file.plist to Entry
Import <Entry> <file> - Creates or sets Entry the contents of file
Entry Format:
Entries consist of property key names delimited by colons. Array items
are specified by a zero-based integer index. Examples:
:CFBundleShortVersionString
:CFBundleDocumentTypes:2:CFBundleTypeExtensions
Types:
string
array
dict
bool
real
integer
date
data
Examples:
Set :CFBundleIdentifier com.apple.plistbuddy
Sets the CFBundleIdentifier property to com.apple.plistbuddy
Add :CFBundleGetInfoString string "App version 1.0.1"
Adds the CFBundleGetInfoString property to the plist
Add :CFBundleDocumentTypes: dict
Adds a new item of type dict to the CFBundleDocumentTypes array
Add :CFBundleDocumentTypes:0 dict
Adds the new item to the beginning of the array
Delete :CFBundleDocumentTypes:0 dict
Deletes the FIRST item in the array
Delete :CFBundleDocumentTypes
Deletes the ENTIRE CFBundleDocumentTypes array
这里主要解释一下PlistBuddy的几个关键点.
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如何定义嵌套的键值: 正如前面说的它使用一种简单的描述方式,上一层的键值在前面,而每个键值之间使用":"符号分隔,比如:本文最初的例子中Software->Gallery->OnlineMarketplace表述为:":Software:Gallery:OnlineMarketplace", 第一个":"表示根.
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而如果键值的名称包含空格等特殊字符的时候,如同命令行的转义字符一样,使用"/"来转义,比如: ":Software:Gallery:Online/ Marketplace".
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PlistBuddy如果不使用"-c"参数,则进入人机交互模式, "-c"的意思就是执行它后面的命令列表,而命令如果有参数,需要把它们包含在引号中,
1.添加
plistbuddy -c 'Add :Software:Gallery:Version string "1.0"' ~/Desktop/com.sample.plist
2.输出
plistbuddy -c "Print" ~/Desktop/com.sample.plist
3.修改
plistbuddy -c 'Set :Software:Gallery:Version "1.1"' ~/Desktop/com.sample.plist
4.删除
plistbuddy -c 'Delete :Software:Gallery:Version' ~/Desktop/com.sample.plist
5.合并
plistbuddy -c "Merge ~/Desktop/Global.plist :Software:Gallery" ~/Desktop/com.sample.plist