翻译技巧

老规矩发一篇英语学习笔记

词类转换

 

动词转换为名词：

 

  1. 目前我国各地对各种消费品的需求量已大大增加

      There is a big increase in number for all kinds of consumer goods in

      every part of our country.

 

  2. 火箭已经用来探索宇宙

      Rockets have found application for exploration of the universe.

 

  3. 他们已经认识到越来越需要使某些经济部分工业化

      they also realized the growing need and necessity to industrialize 

      certain sectors of the  economy.

 

  4. 双方已经存在一种默契，同意在解释条约中的字眼的时候可以

       各做各的解释

      There has been a tacit agreement to agree or disagree on the

      interpretation of the wording of the treaty.

 

   5. 看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，令我特别神往

      The sight of sound of our jet planes fills me with special longing.

 

   6. 法国在过去几年中已习惯于在最后一分钟作即席应付。

      France has long been used in the past years to last-minute

      improvisations.

  

动词转换为介词：

    1. 我们认为,在北京的会见大大有助于实现这种前景

       In our view, this meeting in Beijing contributes significantly

       towards that future.

    

     2. 欧洲共同体是服务于这一目的的最好工具

       The EC is the best tool for this purpose.

 

     3. 发展的道路是漫长的，但是我们已经坚定地走上这个道路

        The road to development is long but we are firmly on it

    

      4. “来啦！”她转身蹦着跳着地跑了，越过草地，跑上小径，

           跨上台阶，穿过凉台，进了门廊

          "Coming !" away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the

            steps, across the veranda, and into the porch.

      

      5. 他们要求建立一个民有、民治、民享的社会主义共和国

           They called for a socialist republic of the people, by the people

           and for the people.

 

       6. 有些老同事和老朋友想保护他，使他勿受白宫的连累；有的

            想保护他，使他不要受到公众的攻击；还有一些想保护他，

            使他 不要说错话或做错事

             Some long-time associates and friends wanted to protect him

             from the White House; some, to protect him from the public;

             and the others, to protect him from himself.

      

       7.  有这样一个对手，倒是我们的幸运

             we were fortunate in our opponent.

       

       8. 我们大家坐在桌子边等待吃饭

             we are at the table for dinner

 

        9.明天早上我到你家来叫你和我一起出去

             Tomorrow morning I will come for you

 

        10.她在打字

               She is now at the typewriter

      

         11.这本书是我买来送给你的

               I have bought this book for you

 

动词转换为形容词：

         

           1. 我们要通过加强我们之间的经济、文化、科学、技术交流

               和人员往来加深理解

                We seek a deep-rooted understanding through the

                multiplication of our economic, cultural, scientific, technical

                and human ties.

 

            2. 一般来说，金子和石头都不能溶解于水

               Generally speaking, neither gold nor stone are soluble in water.

 

            3. 我们都熟悉这样一个事实，自然界中没有一个物体会自行

                开始或自行停止运动。

                We are familiar with the fact that nothing in nature will either

                start or stop moving of itself.               

            

  动词转成副词：

 

             1. 那本书不久就要出版了

                 That book will be out pretty soon.

            

              2. 她把窗子打开，让新鲜空气进来

                 She opened the window to let fresh air in

             

              3. 美国人由于推销不出自己的产品而失业之际，为什么我们

                  还要让外国货进口呢？

                  Why should we let in foreign goods when Americans walk the

                   street because they can't sell their own goods.

             

              4. 演出已经开始了

                   The performance is on.

 

名词转化为动词：

     

       1. 我们的时代是深刻的政治变化的见证

            Our age is witnessing a profound political change.

    

        2. 他们之间的关系，有一个特点，就是以礼相待

            Formality has always characterized their relation.

 

         3. 这次法国选举的特点是弃权的人多

              Numerous abstentions marked the French elections.

 

          4. 美国绝大多数间谍卫星，按其设计，是在完成任务后，在 大气中焚毁

              Most U.S. spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earth'satmosphere after completing their mission.

 

           5. 黎明时，天空映出了瞭望塔的轮廓

              In the early dawn, the guard towers were silhouetted againstthe sky.

 

          名词转化为形容词：

  

   1. 这个新条约有效期为十年

       The new treaty would be good for ten years.

  

   2. 在一定条件下，坏事可以变成好事

       Under given condition, the harmful can be transformed into

       the beneficial.

 

    3. 真的、善的、美的东西总是在同假的、恶的、丑的东西

        相比较而存在，相斗争而发展。

        The true, the good, and the beautiful always exist in

        comparison with the false, the evil and the ugly, and grow

        in struggle with the latter.

 

    原因状语从句转成定语从句：

 

    1. 因为猫的眼睛比我们人类的眼睛能吸收更多的光线，所以猫在黑夜里能看得很清楚

         A cat, whose eyes can take  in more rays of light than oureyes, can see clearly in the night.

 

    2. 由于计算机起着类似人脑的作用，所以常称为电脑

        The computer, which seems to play the role of a human brain, is often called an electronic brain.

 

     4. 你必须掌握“功”的概念，因为它在物理学中很重要。

         You must grasp the concept of "work" which is veryimportant in physics.

 

     5. 由于铜铝合金经过热处理之后具有良好的高温强度，所 以被用来制造汽车发动机的活塞与气缸头。

          Aluminum-copper alloy which when heat-treated has goodstrength at high temperature is used for making pistons

         and cylinder heads  for automobiles.

 

    6. 由于这个癫痫病患者有死亡的危险，所以必须对其进行抢救

        First aid must given immediately to the epileptic who is indanger of death.

 

结果状语从句转化为定于从句:

 

   1. 这个方案富有创造性，独出心材，很有魄力，所以使

        他们都很喜欢

       There is something original, independent and heroic

       about the plan that please all of them.

 

条件状语转为定语从句：

 

   1. 人们及其迫切的要求工作，不管什么工作，只要能维

       持一家人的生活就行。

       They have desperate for work, any work, which will

       help them to keep  alive their families.

                             

    2. 如果机器表面部件起了麻点，就必须找出来更换

       These machine parts the surfaces of which are pitted must

       be found and changed.

 

    3. 只要坚持到底就必定获得成功

        One will surely succeed who perseveres to the end.

 

主被动转换：

 

     1. 上面所写的一切可能太简单化了。

          What has just been written could be of oversimplification.

 

     2. 后来再也没有提起这事

          The matter was never mentioned again.

 

     3. 应该指出，他和她在政治上不仅仅是朋友而已，他们是

         及其密切的盟友。

It should be noted that he and she were politically more than just friends: they were extremely close allies.

 

     4. 这两个国家有不同的意识形态和政治制度，但绝不能让

          这一事实妨碍两国的正常交往

          The fact that these two countries have adopt different

          ideologies and political system can not be allowed stand

          to stand in the way of their regular contacts.

 

     5. 这位客人受宠若惊，深为感动

         The visitor is flattered and moved

      

      6. 他完全把公共利益当做自己的行为准则

          He was solely guided by the public good.