2013年6月27日—编译安装LNMP环境，搭建wordpress博客
安装目录:
1.系统环境：.........................................2
2.安装前系统设置：...................................2
3.安装gcc编译器及相关工具和依赖库......................2
3.1安装pcre库...................................3
3.2安装PHP所需的支持库................................3
3.2.1安装freeType...............................3
3.2.2安装jpeg...................................3
3.3.3安装fontconfig.............................3
3.3.4安装libpng..................................4
3.3.5安装zlib....................................4
3.3.6安装ncurses.................................4
3.3.7安装libmcrypt...............................4
3.3.8安装libxml..................................4
3.3.9安装libiconv.................................5
3.3.10安装gd库..................................5
4.安装nginx............................................5
测试nginx的web是否可用...........................5
5.安装mysql数据库......................................5
6.安装php..............................................7
6.1配置php-fp.....................................8
7.整合nginx和php........................................9
7.1测试php......................................12
7.2测试mysql.....................................12
操作步骤：
系统环境：
1.看下主机名、内核版本以及系统版本的信息
[root@tyk ~]# uname -a Linux tyk 2.6.18-308.el5 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 20:06:06 EST 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [root@tyk ~]# lsb_release -a LSB Version: :core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-ia32:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-ia32:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-ia32:printing-4.0-noarch Distributor ID: CentOS Description: CentOS release 5.8 (Final) Release: 5.8 Codename: Final
2.安装前提环境：
配置网络yum源
[root@tyk ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@tyk yum.repos.d]# /bin/mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.ori [root@tyk yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/help/CentOS-Base-sohu.repo [root@tyk yum.repos.d]# /bin/mv CentOS-Base-sohu.repo CentOS-Base.repo
做下时间同步：
[root@tyk ~]# crontab -l */5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate time.windows.com >/dev/null 2>&1
注意：最好关闭iptables防火墙和selinux不然后边有可能出现问题。
##升级一下yum源
[root@tyk ~]# yum update -y yum
安装gcc编译器及相关工具和依赖库：
[root@tyk ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers
编译安装pcre库
PCRE(Perl Compatible Regular Expressions)是一个Perl库，包括 perl 兼容的正规表达式。Pcre的作用主要是使nginx支持HTTP rewrite模块。
创建一个指定放置压缩包的目录
[root@tyk ~]# mkdir -p /taokey/tools [root@tyk ~]# cd /taokey/tools/ [root@tyk tools]# unzip pcre-8.33.zip [root@tyk tools]# cd pcre-8.33 [root@tyk pcre-8.33]# ./configure [root@tyk pcre-8.33]# make && make install
安装PHP所需的支持库：
编译安装FreeType
FreeType库是一个完全免费(开源)的、高质量的且可移植的字体引擎，它提供统一的接口来访问多种字体格式文件。
[root@tyk tools]# tar -jxvf freetype-2.4.12.tar.bz2 [root@tyk tools]# cd freetype-2.4.12 [root@tyk freetype-2.4.12]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype [root@tyk freetype-2.4.12]# make && make install
编译安装jpeg
Jpeg是一个基本的图像压缩方式。
[root@tyk tools]# tar -zxvf jpegsrc.v7.tar.gz [root@tyk tools]# cd jpeg-7/ [root@tyk jpeg-7]# mkdir /usr/local/jpeg [root@tyk jpeg-7]# mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/bin [root@tyk jpeg-7]# mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/lib [root@tyk jpeg-7]# mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/include [root@tyk jpeg-7]# mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/man [root@tyk jpeg-7]# mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/man/man1 [root@tyk jpeg-7]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype --enable-shared --enable-static [root@tyk jpeg-7]# make && make install
安装fontconfig
fontconfig是提供系统范围内字体设置，定制和允许应用程序访问的函数库，Fontconfig负责字体的安装确认和匹配。
[root@tyk tools]# tar -zxvf fontconfig-2.4.2.tar.gz [root@tyk tools]# cd fontconfig-2.4.2 [root@tyk fontconfig-2.4.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/fontconfig --with-freetype-config=/usr/local/freetype/bin/freetype-config --with-expat-lib=/usr/lib64 [root@tyk fontconfig-2.4.2]#make && make install
注意：在这里要是64位系统，就必须加上参数” --with-expat-lib=/usr/lib64 ”
安装libpng：
ibpng软件包包含 libpng 库.这些库被其他程式用于读写png文件
[root@tyk tools]# tar -jxf libpng-1.4.3.tar.bz2 [root@tyk tools]# cd libpng-1.4.3 [root@tyk libpng-1.4.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libpng --enable-static --enable-shared [root@tyk libpng-1.4.3]# make && make install
安装zlib：
zlib能使用一个gzip数据头，zlib数据头或者不使用数据头压缩数据。
[root@tyk tools]# tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz [root@tyk tools]# cd zlib-1.2.3 [root@tyk zlib-1.2.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib [root@tyk zlib-1.2.3]# make && make install
安装ncurses：
NCURSES不仅仅只是封装了底层的终端功能，而且提供了一个相当稳固的工作框架（Framework）用 以产生漂亮的界面。它包含了一些创建窗口的函数。
[root@tyk tools]# tar -zxf ncurses-5.6.tar.gz [root@tyk tools]# cd ncurses-5.6 [root@tyk ncurses-5.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ncurses [root@tyk ncurses-5.6]# make && make install
安装libmcrypt
libmcrypt是加密算法扩展库。支持DES, 3DES, RIJNDAEL, Twofish, IDEA, GOST, CAST-256, ARCFOUR, SERPENT, SAFER+等算法。
[root@tyk tools]# tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz [root@tyk libmcrypt-2.5.7]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt --enable-shared --enable-static --enable-dynamic-loading [root@tyk libmcrypt-2.5.7]# make && make install
安装libxml
libxml是一个用来解析XML文档的函数库。它用C语言写成, 并且能为多种语言所调用，例如C语言，C++，XSH。C#,Python，Kylix/Delphi，Ruby，和PHP等。Perl中也可以使用XML::LibXML模块。libXML 代码可移植性非常好，因为它基于标准的ANSI C库, 并采用MIT许可证。
[root@tyk tools]# tar -zxvf libxml2-2.7.8.tar.gz [root@tyk tools]# cd libxml2-2.7.8 [root@tyk libxml2-2.7.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2 --enable-shared --enable-static [root@tyk libxml2-2.7.8]# make && make install
安装libiconv
对文本进行编码间的转换，用它来处理中文各种编码之间的转换。
[root@tyk tools]# tar -zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz [root@tyk tools]# cd libiconv-1.14 [root@tyk libiconv-1.14]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv-1.14 [root@tyk libiconv-1.14]# make && make install
安装gd库
[root@tyk tools]# tar -zxvf gd-2.0.33.tar.gz [root@tyk tools]# cd gd-2.0.33 [root@tyk gd-2.0.33]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd --with-zlib=/usr/local/zlib --with-png=/usr/local/libpng --with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype --with-fontconfig=/usr/local/fontconfig [root@tyk gd-2.0.33]# make && make install
4.安装nginx [root@tyk tools]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx [root@tyk tools]# groupadd ngnix [root@tyk tools]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.3.1.tar.gz [root@tyk tools]# cd nginx-1.3.1 [root@tyk nginx-1.3.1]# ./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.3.1 --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/taokey/tools/pcre-8.33 [root@tyk nginx-1.3.1]# make && make install [root@tyk nginx-1.3.1]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx-1.3.1 /usr/local/nginx [root@tyk nginx-1.3.1]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx-1.3.1/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx-1.3.1/conf/nginx.conf test is successful [root@tyk nginx-1.3.1]# netstat -anpt | grep nginx tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 15988/nginx [root@tyk nginx-1.3.1]# ps -ef | grep nginx root 15988 1 0 23:13 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx 15989 15988 0 23:13 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process root 15995 26971 0 23:14 pts/1 00:00:00 grep nginx
5.安装mysql数据库 首先创建mysql用户和组 [root@tyk tools]# groupadd mysql [root@tyk tools]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql -M mysql [root@tyk tools]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.65.tar.gz [root@tyk tools]# cd mysql-5.1.65 删除configure目录下的第52297行$RM "$cfgfile"，不然会报错。 [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# ./configure --prefix=/application/mysql5.1.65 --with-unix-socket-path=/application/mysql5.1.65/tmp/mysql.sock --localstatedir=/application/mysql5.1.65/data --enable-assembler --enable-thread-safe-client --with-mysqld-user=mysql --with-big-tables --without-debug --with-pthread --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase --with-plugin-PLUGIN --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-client-ldflags=-all-static [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# make && make install 需要拷贝一个mysql的主配置文件，这个是必须拷贝的，我这里复制了一个small [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# cp support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# ln -s /application/mysql5.1.65 /application/mysql [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# mkdir -p /application/mysql/data [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# /application/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# chown -R root.mysql /application/mysql/bin/mysql [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# echo "/application/mysql/lib/mysql" >> /etc/ld.so.conf [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# ldconfig [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# netstat -anpt | grep mysqld tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 26725/mysqld [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# chkconfig --add mysqld [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# chkconfig mysqld on [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# export PATH=$PATH:/application/mysql/bin [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# echo "PATH=$PATH:/application/mysql/bin" >>/etc/profile [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# source /etc/profile [root@tyk mysql-5.1.65]# mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.1.65 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> exit Bye
6.安装php环境
[root@tyk tools]# tar -jxvf php-5.4.6.tar.bz2
[root@tyk php-5.4.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5.4.6 --with-mysql=/application/mysql --with-xmlrpc --with-openssl --with-zlib --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --with-gd=/usr/local/gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg --with-png-dir=/usr/local/libpng --with-iconv=/usr/local/libiconv-1.14 --enable-short-tags --enable-sockets --enable-zend-multibyte --enable-soap --enable-mbstring --enable-static --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-curl --with-xsl --enable-ftp --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2 --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-zip --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm
[root@tyk php-5.4.6]# make && make install
在make编译时，出现报错：
In file included from /usr/local/src/php-5.4.6/ext/gd/gd.c:103:
/usr/local/src/php-5.4.6/ext/gd/gd_ctx.c: 在函数‘_php_image_stream_putc’中:
/usr/local/src/php-5.4.6/ext/gd/gd_ctx.c:51: 错误：‘struct gdIOCtx’没有名为‘data’的成员
/usr/local/src/php-5.4.6/ext/gd/gd_ctx.c: 在函数‘_php_image_stream_putbuf’中:
/usr/local/src/php-5.4.6/ext/gd/gd_ctx.c:58: 错误：‘struct gdIOCtx’没有名为‘data’的成员
/usr/local/src/php-5.4.6/ext/gd/gd_ctx.c: 在函数‘_php_image_stream_ctxfree’中:
/usr/local/src/php-5.4.6/ext/gd/gd_ctx.c:67: 错误：‘struct gdIOCtx’没有名为‘data’的成员
/usr/local/src/php-5.4.6/ext/gd/gd_ctx.c:68: 错误：‘struct gdIOCtx’没有名为‘data’的成员
/usr/local/src/php-5.4.6/ext/gd/gd_ctx.c:69: 错误：‘struct gdIOCtx’没有名为‘data’的成员
In file included from /usr/local/src/php-5.4.6/ext/gd/gd.c:103:
/usr/local/src/php-5.4.6/ext/gd/gd_ctx.c: 在函数‘_php_image_output_ctx’中:
/usr/local/src/php-5.4.6/ext/gd/gd_ctx.c:153: 错误：‘gdIOCtx’没有名为‘data’的成员
make: *** [ext/gd/gd.lo] 错误 1
解决方法：
修改gd安装目录下的include/gd_io.h文件。
[root@spp php-5.4.15]# vi /usr/local/gd/include/gd_io.h修改为文件中的结构体为：
typedef struct gdIOCtx
{
int (*getC) (struct gdIOCtx *);
int (*getBuf) (struct gdIOCtx *, void *, int);
void (*putC) (struct gdIOCtx *, int);
int (*putBuf) (struct gdIOCtx *, const void *, int);
int (*seek) (struct gdIOCtx *, const int);
long (*tell) (struct gdIOCtx *);
void (*gd_free) (struct gdIOCtx *);
void (*data);
}
gdIOCtx;
其中红色部分为添加的修改，其他不变。
5.1 配置php-fpm:
[root@tyk php-5.4.6]# cd /usr/local/php5.4.6/etc/ [root@tyk etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf [root@tyk etc]# egrep -v ";|^$" php-fpm.conf [global] error_log = /var/log/php-fpm.log log_level = notice pid = /var/log/php/php-fpm.pid [www] user = nginx group = nginx listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35 [root@tyk etc]# mkdir /var/log/php [27-Jun-2013 00:17:06] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php5.4.6/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful [root@tyk etc]# ../sbin/php-fpm [root@tyk etc]# ps -ef | grep php-fpm root 19087 1 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php5.4.6/etc/php-fpm.conf) nginx 19088 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19089 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19090 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19091 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19092 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19093 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19094 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19095 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19096 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19097 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19098 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19099 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19100 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19101 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19102 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19103 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19104 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19105 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19106 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 19107 19087 0 00:17 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www root 19109 26971 0 00:18 pts/1 00:00:00 grep php-fpm
整合nginx和php.
[root@tyk local]# cat nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes 8;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
error_log /app/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format commonlog '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.beyond.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root /data/www/www;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ {
root /data/www/www;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl on;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
[root@tyk local]# nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx-1.3.1/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx-1.3.1/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@tyk local]# nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
[root@tyk php-5.4.6]# grep short_open_tag /usr/local/php5.4.6/php.ini
; short_open_tag
short_open_tag = On
测试下php和数据库是否成功
[root@tyk www]# cat test.php
<?
phpinfo();
?>
[root@tyk www]# cat testdb.php
<?php
$link=mysql_connect('localhost','root','');
if ($link)
echo "successful";
else
echo "Faile";
mysql_close();
?>
[root@tyk nginx]# sbin/nginx -s reload
此时页面会出现successful的字样，说明成功了。
下载wordpress，然后解压，在数据库上创建一个数据库，账号和密码，然后给用户赋予权限，就可以安装wordpress博客了。
如图所示：
看下Curl头部信息：
到此实验结束，谢谢大家阅读！！！
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