网上看到的一个iptables脚本，看起来很不错
转载https://forums.digitalpoint.com/threads/ddos-protection-script-for-iptables.1031456/
#!/bin/sh #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # # File: SIG-antiDDoS.sh # # Compiler: Ruslan Abuzant <ruslan@abuzant.com> # PS> Collected From Lots Of Sources # PS> Credits: Real Authors (no idea) # # URL: http://www.liteforex.org/ # # License: GNU GPL (version 2, or any later version). # # Configuration. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # For debugging use iptables -v. IPTABLES="/sbin/iptables" IP6TABLES="/sbin/ip6tables" MODPROBE="/sbin/modprobe" RMMOD="/sbin/rmmod" ARP="/usr/sbin/arp" # Logging options. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ LOG="LOG --log-level debug --log-tcp-sequence --log-tcp-options" LOG="$LOG --log-ip-options" # Defaults for rate limiting #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ RLIMIT="-m limit --limit 3/s --limit-burst 8" # Unprivileged ports. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PHIGH="1024:65535" PSSH="1000:1023" # Load required kernel modules #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ $MODPROBE ip_conntrack_ftp $MODPROBE ip_conntrack_irc # Mitigate ARP spoofing/poisoning and similar attacks. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Hardcode static ARP cache entries here # $ARP -s IP-ADDRESS MAC-ADDRESS # Kernel configuration. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Disable IP forwarding. # On => Off = (reset) echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward # Enable IP spoofing protection for i in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/*/rp_filter; do echo 1 > $i; done # Protect against SYN flood attacks echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_syncookies # Ignore all incoming ICMP echo requests echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all # Ignore ICMP echo requests to broadcast echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts # Log packets with impossible addresses. for i in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/*/log_martians; do echo 1 > $i; done # Don't log invalid responses to broadcast echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses # Don't accept or send ICMP redirects. for i in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/*/accept_redirects; do echo 0 > $i; done for i in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/*/send_redirects; do echo 0 > $i; done # Don't accept source routed packets. for i in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/*/accept_source_route; do echo 0 > $i; done # Disable multicast routing for i in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/*/mc_forwarding; do echo 0 > $i; done # Disable proxy_arp. for i in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/*/proxy_arp; do echo 0 > $i; done # Enable secure redirects, i.e. only accept ICMP redirects for gateways # Helps against MITM attacks. for i in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/*/secure_redirects; do echo 1 > $i; done # Disable bootp_relay for i in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/*/bootp_relay; do echo 0 > $i; done # Default policies. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Drop everything by default. $IPTABLES -P INPUT DROP $IPTABLES -P FORWARD DROP $IPTABLES -P OUTPUT DROP # Set the nat/mangle/raw tables' chains to ACCEPT $IPTABLES -t nat -P PREROUTING ACCEPT $IPTABLES -t nat -P OUTPUT ACCEPT $IPTABLES -t nat -P POSTROUTING ACCEPT $IPTABLES -t mangle -P PREROUTING ACCEPT $IPTABLES -t mangle -P INPUT ACCEPT $IPTABLES -t mangle -P FORWARD ACCEPT $IPTABLES -t mangle -P OUTPUT ACCEPT $IPTABLES -t mangle -P POSTROUTING ACCEPT # Cleanup. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Delete all $IPTABLES -F $IPTABLES -t nat -F $IPTABLES -t mangle -F # Delete all $IPTABLES -X $IPTABLES -t nat -X $IPTABLES -t mangle -X # Zero all packets and counters. $IPTABLES -Z $IPTABLES -t nat -Z $IPTABLES -t mangle -Z # Completely disable IPv6. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Block all IPv6 traffic # If the ip6tables command is available, try to block all IPv6 traffic. if test -x $IP6TABLES; then # Set the default policies # drop everything $IP6TABLES -P INPUT DROP 2>/dev/null $IP6TABLES -P FORWARD DROP 2>/dev/null $IP6TABLES -P OUTPUT DROP 2>/dev/null # The mangle table can pass everything $IP6TABLES -t mangle -P PREROUTING ACCEPT 2>/dev/null $IP6TABLES -t mangle -P INPUT ACCEPT 2>/dev/null $IP6TABLES -t mangle -P FORWARD ACCEPT 2>/dev/null $IP6TABLES -t mangle -P OUTPUT ACCEPT 2>/dev/null $IP6TABLES -t mangle -P POSTROUTING ACCEPT 2>/dev/null # Delete all rules. $IP6TABLES -F 2>/dev/null $IP6TABLES -t mangle -F 2>/dev/null # Delete all chains. $IP6TABLES -X 2>/dev/null $IP6TABLES -t mangle -X 2>/dev/null # Zero all packets and counters. $IP6TABLES -Z 2>/dev/null $IP6TABLES -t mangle -Z 2>/dev/null fi # Custom user-defined chains. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # LOG packets, then ACCEPT. $IPTABLES -N ACCEPTLOG $IPTABLES -A ACCEPTLOG -j $LOG $RLIMIT --log-prefix "ACCEPT " $IPTABLES -A ACCEPTLOG -j ACCEPT # LOG packets, then DROP. $IPTABLES -N DROPLOG $IPTABLES -A DROPLOG -j $LOG $RLIMIT --log-prefix "DROP " $IPTABLES -A DROPLOG -j DROP # LOG packets, then REJECT. # TCP packets are rejected with a TCP reset. $IPTABLES -N REJECTLOG $IPTABLES -A REJECTLOG -j $LOG $RLIMIT --log-prefix "REJECT " $IPTABLES -A REJECTLOG -p tcp -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset $IPTABLES -A REJECTLOG -j REJECT # Only allows RELATED ICMP types # (destination-unreachable, time-exceeded, and parameter-problem). # TODO: Rate-limit this traffic? # TODO: Allow fragmentation-needed? # TODO: Test. $IPTABLES -N RELATED_ICMP $IPTABLES -A RELATED_ICMP -p icmp --icmp-type destination-unreachable -j ACCEPT $IPTABLES -A RELATED_ICMP -p icmp --icmp-type time-exceeded -j ACCEPT $IPTABLES -A RELATED_ICMP -p icmp --icmp-type parameter-problem -j ACCEPT $IPTABLES -A RELATED_ICMP -j DROPLOG # Make It Even Harder To Multi-PING $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p icmp -m limit --limit 1/s --limit-burst 2 -j ACCEPT $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p icmp -m limit --limit 1/s --limit-burst 2 -j LOG --log-prefix PING-DROP: $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p icmp -j DROP $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT # Only allow the minimally required/recommended parts of ICMP. Block the rest. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # TODO: This section needs a lot of testing! # First, drop all fragmented ICMP packets (almost always malicious). $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p icmp --fragment -j DROPLOG $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -p icmp --fragment -j DROPLOG $IPTABLES -A FORWARD -p icmp --fragment -j DROPLOG # Allow all ESTABLISHED ICMP traffic. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p icmp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT $RLIMIT $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -p icmp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT $RLIMIT # Allow some parts of the RELATED ICMP traffic, block the rest. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p icmp -m state --state RELATED -j RELATED_ICMP $RLIMIT $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -p icmp -m state --state RELATED -j RELATED_ICMP $RLIMIT # Allow incoming ICMP echo requests (ping), but only rate-limited. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ACCEPT $RLIMIT # Allow outgoing ICMP echo requests (ping), but only rate-limited. $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ACCEPT $RLIMIT # Drop any other ICMP traffic. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p icmp -j DROPLOG $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j DROPLOG $IPTABLES -A FORWARD -p icmp -j DROPLOG # Selectively allow certain special types of traffic. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Allow loopback interface to do anything. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT # Allow incoming connections related to existing allowed connections. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing connections EXCEPT invalid $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # Miscellaneous. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # We don't care about Milkosoft, Drop SMB/CIFS/etc.. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 135,137,138,139,445,1433,1434 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p udp -m multiport --dports 135,137,138,139,445,1433,1434 -j DROP # Explicitly drop invalid incoming traffic $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state INVALID -j DROP # Drop invalid outgoing traffic, too. $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state INVALID -j DROP # If we would use NAT, INVALID packets would pass - BLOCK them anyways $IPTABLES -A FORWARD -m state --state INVALID -j DROP # PORT Scanners (stealth also) $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL ALL -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL NONE -j DROP # TODO: Some more anti-spoofing rules? For example: # $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL FIN,URG,PSH -j DROP # $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN,RST SYN,RST -j DROP # $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags SYN,FIN SYN,FIN -j DROP $IPTABLES -N SYN_FLOOD $IPTABLES -A INPUT -p tcp --syn -j SYN_FLOOD $IPTABLES -A SYN_FLOOD -m limit --limit 2/s --limit-burst 6 -j RETURN $IPTABLES -A SYN_FLOOD -j DROP # TODO: Block known-bad IPs (see http://www.dshield.org/top10.php). # $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s INSERT-BAD-IP-HERE -j DROPLOG # Drop any traffic from IANA-reserved IPs. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 0.0.0.0/7 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 2.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 5.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 7.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 10.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 23.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 27.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 31.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 36.0.0.0/7 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 39.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 42.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 49.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 50.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 77.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 78.0.0.0/7 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 92.0.0.0/6 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 96.0.0.0/4 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 112.0.0.0/5 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 120.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 169.254.0.0/16 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 172.16.0.0/12 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 173.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 174.0.0.0/7 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 176.0.0.0/5 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 184.0.0.0/6 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 192.0.2.0/24 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 197.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 198.18.0.0/15 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 223.0.0.0/8 -j DROP $IPTABLES -A INPUT -s 224.0.0.0/3 -j DROP # Selectively allow certain outbound connections, block the rest. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Allow outgoing DNS requests. Few things will work without this. $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing HTTP requests. Unencrypted, use with care. $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing HTTPS requests. $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing SMTPS requests. Do NOT allow unencrypted SMTP! # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 465 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing "submission" (RFC 2476) requests. $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 587 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing POP3S requests. $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 995 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing SSH requests. $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing FTP requests. Unencrypted, use with care. $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing NNTP requests. Unencrypted, use with care. # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 119 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing NTP requests. Unencrypted, use with care. # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p udp --dport 123 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing IRC requests. Unencrypted, use with care. # Note: This usually needs the ip_conntrack_irc kernel module. # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 6667 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing requests to various proxies. Unencrypted, use with care. # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 8090 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing DHCP requests. Unencrypted, use with care. # TODO: This is completely untested, I have no idea whether it works! # TODO: I think this can be tightened a bit more. $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p udp --sport 67:68 --dport 67:68 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing CVS requests. Unencrypted, use with care. # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 2401 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing MySQL requests. Unencrypted, use with care. # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing SVN requests. Unencrypted, use with care. # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 3690 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing PLESK requests. Unencrypted, use with care. # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 8443 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing Tor (http://tor.eff.org) requests. # Note: Do _not_ use unencrypted protocols over Tor (sniffing is possible)! # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 9001 -j ACCEPT # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 9002 -j ACCEPT # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 9030 -j ACCEPT # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 9031 -j ACCEPT # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 9090 -j ACCEPT # $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 9091 -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing Open××× requests. $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -m state --state NEW -p udp --dport 1194 -j ACCEPT # TODO: ICQ, MSN, GTalk, Skype, Yahoo, etc... # Selectively allow certain inbound connections, block the rest. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Allow incoming DNS requests. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT # Allow incoming HTTP requests. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT # Allow incoming HTTPS requests. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT # Allow incoming POP3 requests. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 110 -j ACCEPT # Allow incoming IMAP4 requests. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 143 -j ACCEPT # Allow incoming POP3S requests. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 995 -j ACCEPT # Allow incoming SMTP requests. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT # Allow incoming SSH requests. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # Allow incoming FTP requests. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT # Allow incoming NNTP requests. # $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 119 -j ACCEPT # Allow incoming MySQL requests. # $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT # Allow incoming PLESK requests. # $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 8843 -j ACCEPT # Allow incoming BitTorrent requests. # TODO: Are these already handled by ACCEPTing established/related traffic? # $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 6881 -j ACCEPT # $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p udp --dport 6881 -j ACCEPT # Allow incoming nc requests. # $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 2030 -j ACCEPT # $IPTABLES -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p udp --dport 2030 -j ACCEPT # Explicitly log and reject everything else. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Use REJECT instead of REJECTLOG if you don't need/want logging. $IPTABLES -A INPUT -j REJECTLOG $IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -j REJECTLOG $IPTABLES -A FORWARD -j REJECTLOG #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Testing the firewall. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # You should check/test that the firewall really works, using # iptables -vnL, nmap, ping, telnet, ... # Exit gracefully. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ exit 0
Linux的iptables详解
我们来配置一个filter表的防火墙.
(1)查看本机关于IPTABLES的设置情况
[root@tp ~]# iptables -L -n
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
Chain RH-Firewall-1-INPUT (0 references)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 255
ACCEPT esp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
ACCEPT ah -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 224.0.0.251 udp dpt:5353
ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:631
ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22
ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:80
ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:25
REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
可以看出我在安装linux时,选择了有防火墙,并且开放了22,80,25端口.
如果你在安装linux时没有选择启动防火墙,是这样的
[root@tp ~]# iptables -L -n
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
什么规则都没有.
(2)清除原有规则.
不管你在安装linux时是否启动了防火墙,如果你想配置属于自己的防火墙,那就清除现在filter的所有规则.
[root@tp ~]# iptables -F 清除预设表filter中的所有规则链的规则
[root@tp ~]# iptables -X 清除预设表filter中使用者自定链中的规则
我们在来看一下
[root@tp ~]# iptables -L -n
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
什么都没有了吧,和我们在安装linux时没有启动防火墙是一样的.(提前说一句,这些配置就像用命令配置IP一样,重起就会失去作用),怎么保存.
[root@tp ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save
这样就可以写到/etc/sysconfig/iptables文件里了.写入后记得把防火墙重起一下,才能起作用.
[root@tp ~]# service iptables restart
现在IPTABLES配置表里什么配置都没有了,那我们开始我们的配置吧
(3)设定预设规则
[root@tp ~]# iptables -p INPUT DROP
[root@tp ~]# iptables -p OUTPUT ACCEPT
[root@tp ~]# iptables -p FORWARD DROP
上面的意思是,当超出了IPTABLES里filter表里的两个链规则(INPUT,FORWARD)时,不在这两个规则里的数据包怎么处理呢,那就是DROP(放弃).应该说这样配置是很安全的.我们要控制流入数据包
而对于OUTPUT链,也就是流出的包我们不用做太多限制,而是采取ACCEPT,也就是说,不在着个规则里的包怎么办呢,那就是通过.
可以看出INPUT,FORWARD两个链采用的是允许什么包通过,而OUTPUT链采用的是不允许什么包通过.
这样设置还是挺合理的,当然你也可以三个链都DROP,但这样做我认为是没有必要的,而且要写的规则就会增加.但如果你只想要有限的几个规则是,如只做WEB服务器.还是推荐三个链都是DROP.
注:如果你是远程SSH登陆的话,当你输入第一个命令回车的时候就应该掉了.因为你没有设置任何规则.
怎么办,去本机操作呗!
(4)添加规则.
首先添加INPUT链,INPUT链的默认规则是DROP,所以我们就写需要ACCETP(通过)的链
为了能采用远程SSH登陆,我们要开启22端口.
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 22 -j ACCEPT (注:这个规则,如果你把OUTPUT 设置成DROP的就要写上这一部,好多人都是望了写这一部规则导致,始终无法SSH.在远程一下,是不是好了.
其他的端口也一样,如果开启了web服务器,OUTPUT设置成DROP的话,同样也要添加一条链:
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 80 -j ACCEPT ,其他同理.)
如果做了WEB服务器,开启80端口.
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
如果做了邮件服务器,开启25,110端口.
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 110 -j ACCEPT
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT
如果做了FTP服务器,开启21端口
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 20 -j ACCEPT
如果做了DNS服务器,开启53端口
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
如果你还做了其他的服务器,需要开启哪个端口,照写就行了.
上面主要写的都是INPUT链,凡是不在上面的规则里的,都DROP
允许icmp包通过,也就是允许ping,
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT (OUTPUT设置成DROP的话)
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT (INPUT设置成DROP的话)
允许loopback!(不然会导致DNS无法正常关闭等问题)
IPTABLES -A INPUT -i lo -p all -j ACCEPT (如果是INPUT DROP)
IPTABLES -A OUTPUT -o lo -p all -j ACCEPT(如果是OUTPUT DROP)
下面写OUTPUT链,OUTPUT链默认规则是ACCEPT,所以我们就写需要DROP(放弃)的链.
减少不安全的端口连接
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 31337 -j DROP
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 31337 -j DROP
有些些特洛伊***会扫描端口31337到31340(即***语言中的 elite 端口)上的服务。既然合法服务都不使用这些非标准端口来通信,阻塞这些端口能够有效地减少你的网络上可能被感染的机器和它们的远程主服务器进行独立通信的机会
还有其他端口也一样,像:31335、27444、27665、20034 NetBus、9704、137-139（smb）,2049(NFS)端口也应被禁止,我在这写的也不全,有兴趣的朋友应该去查一下相关资料.
当然出入更安全的考虑你也可以包OUTPUT链设置成DROP,那你添加的规则就多一些,就像上边添加
允许SSH登陆一样.照着写就行了.
下面写一下更加细致的规则,就是限制到某台机器
如:我们只允许192.168.0.3的机器进行SSH连接
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.0.3 -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
如果要允许,或限制一段IP地址可用 192.168.0.0/24 表示192.168.0.1-255端的所有IP.
24表示子网掩码数.但要记得把 /etc/sysconfig/iptables 里的这一行删了.
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT 因为它表示所有地址都可以登陆.
或采用命令方式:
[root@tp ~]# iptables -D INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
然后保存,我再说一边,反是采用命令的方式,只在当时生效,如果想要重起后也起作用,那就要保存.写入到/etc/sysconfig/iptables文件里.
[root@tp ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save
这样写 !192.168.0.3 表示除了192.168.0.3的ip地址
其他的规则连接也一样这么设置.
在下面就是FORWARD链,FORWARD链的默认规则是DROP,所以我们就写需要ACCETP(通过)的链,对正在转发链的监控.
开启转发功能,(在做NAT时,FORWARD默认规则是DROP时,必须做)
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eh0 -j ACCEPT
丢弃坏的TCP包
[root@tp ~]#iptables -A FORWARD -p TCP ! --syn -m state --state NEW -j DROP
处理IP碎片数量,防止***,允许每秒100个
[root@tp ~]#iptables -A FORWARD -f -m limit --limit 100/s --limit-burst 100 -j ACCEPT
设置ICMP包过滤,允许每秒1个包,限制触发条件是10个包.
[root@tp ~]#iptables -A FORWARD -p icmp -m limit --limit 1/s --limit-burst 10 -j ACCEPT
我在前面只所以允许ICMP包通过,就是因为我在这里有限制.
二,配置一个NAT表放火墙
1,查看本机关于NAT的设置情况
[root@tp rc.d]# iptables -t nat -L
Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
SNAT all -- 192.168.0.0/24 anywhere to:211.101.46.235
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
我的NAT已经配置好了的(只是提供最简单的代理上网功能,还没有添加防火墙规则).关于怎么配置NAT,参考我的另一篇文章
当然你如果还没有配置NAT的话,你也不用清除规则,因为NAT在默认情况下是什么都没有的
如果你想清除,命令是
[root@tp ~]# iptables -F -t nat
[root@tp ~]# iptables -X -t nat
[root@tp ~]# iptables -Z -t nat
2,添加规则
添加基本的NAT地址转换,(关于如何配置NAT可以看我的另一篇文章),
添加规则,我们只添加DROP链.因为默认链全是ACCEPT.
防止外网用内网IP欺骗
[root@tp sysconfig]# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -s 10.0.0.0/8 -j DROP
[root@tp sysconfig]# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -s 172.16.0.0/12 -j DROP
[root@tp sysconfig]# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -s 192.168.0.0/16 -j DROP
如果我们想,比如阻止MSN,QQ,BT等的话,需要找到它们所用的端口或者IP,(个人认为没有太大必要)
例：
禁止与211.101.46.253的所有连接
[root@tp ~]# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d 211.101.46.253 -j DROP
禁用FTP(21)端口
[root@tp ~]# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 21 -j DROP
这样写范围太大了,我们可以更精确的定义.
[root@tp ~]# iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 21 -d 211.101.46.253 -j DROP
这样只禁用211.101.46.253地址的FTP连接,其他连接还可以.如web(80端口)连接.
按照我写的,你只要找到QQ,MSN等其他软件的IP地址,和端口,以及基于什么协议,只要照着写就行了.
最后：
drop非法连接
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A INPUT -m state --state INVALID -j DROP
[root@tp ~]# iptables -A OUTPUT -m state --state INVALID -j DROP
[root@tp ~]# iptables-A FORWARD -m state --state INVALID -j DROP
允许所有已经建立的和相关的连接
[root@tp ~]# iptables-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
[root@tp ~]# iptables-A OUTPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
[root@tp ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save
这样就可以写到/etc/sysconfig/iptables文件里了.写入后记得把防火墙重起一下,才能起作用．
[root@tp ~]# service iptables restart
防DDOS脚本 CC***
#!/bin/sh
cc ( )
{
[ -f ignore.ip.list ] || echo "127.0.0.1" > ignore.ip.list
netstat -ntu | awk '{print $5}' | cut -d: -f4 | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr > BAD_IP_LIST
while read line; do
CURR_LINE_CONN=$(echo $line | cut -d" " -f1)
CURR_LINE_IP=$(echo $line | cut -d" " -f2)
iptables -L -n |grep -i $CURR_LINE_IP >>/dev/null
if [ $? = 0 ];then
break
else
if [ $CURR_LINE_CONN -lt 100 ]; then
break
else
IGNORE_BAN=`grep -c "$CURR_LINE_IP" ignore.ip.list` >>/dev/null
if [ $IGNORE_BAN -ge 1 ]; then
continue
else
iptables -I INPUT -s $CURR_LINE_IP -j DROP >> /dev/null
fi
fi
fi
done < BAD_IP_LIST
}
while true;do
cc
sleep 1
done
1 ignore.ip.list 可以添加白名单
2 $CURR_LINE_CONN -lt 100 这个100按自己需求去定义这里默认是写了100个并发连接就拒绝了
最后脚本在后台执行就循环了
防DDOS 脚本
cat ddos.sh
#!/bin/bash
IGNORE_IP_LIST="/root/list" #白名单
iptables -L -n |awk '{print $4}' |grep -v '0.0.0.0' |grep -v '[A-Z]'|grep -v '[a-z]'|grep -v '^$' > /tmp/ip.txt
IP="/tmp/ip.txt"
list=`netstat -an |grep ^tcp.*:80|egrep -v 'LISTEN|127.0.0.1'|awk -F"[ ]+|[:]" '{print $6}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn|awk '{if ($1>200){print $2}}'`
for i in $list
do
grep "$i" $IGNORE_IP_LIST >/dev/null #判断IP是不是已经在白名单里面是的话退出
if [ $? = 0 ]
then
echo "no" >/dev/null
else
grep "$i" $IP >/dev/null #判断IP是不是已经在iptables里面是的话退出
if [ $? = 0 ]
then
echo "no" >/dev/null
else
iptables -I INPUT -s $i -j DROP >> /var/log/ip_list.log
mail -s "$i is killed " lrm929@163.com
fi
fi
done
然后写一个循环脚本让让它在后台执行
#!/bin/bash while [ true ]; do /bin/sleep 2 /shell/ddos.sh done
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/hao360/1419037
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