DHCP:Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol前身是bootp lease:租约 续租:租约到一半的时候就要申请续租 广播:第一个响应的服务器 广播申请,广播响应 广播回复确认 IP: MASK: GATEWAY: DNS: Client----->DHCPDISCOVER DHCPOFER<--------Server Client----->DHCPREQUEST DHCPACK<-----Server 以上都广播报文 续租: Client----->DHCPREQUEST DHCPACK<-------Server 以上为单播 DHCP不能跨网段进行 需要配置路由器的DHCP-RELAY,DHCP中继 DHCP分配的网段要在某一个网卡的地址在同一网段内 [root@salt-master ~]# yum install dhcp Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Setting up Install Process Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile iso | 3.7 kB 00:00 Not using downloaded repomd.xml because it is older than what we have: Current : Mon May 23 07:51:24 2016 Downloaded: Sun May 22 13:52:33 2016 Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package dhcp.x86_64 12:4.1.1-51.P1.el6.centos will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =========================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =========================================================================================================================================================================================== Installing: dhcp x86_64 12:4.1.1-51.P1.el6.centos iso 823 k Transaction Summary =========================================================================================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package(s) Total download size: 823 k Installed size: 1.9 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: dhcp-4.1.1-51.P1.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm | 823 kB 00:00 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : 12:dhcp-4.1.1-51.P1.el6.centos.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : 12:dhcp-4.1.1-51.P1.el6.centos.x86_64 1/1 Installed: dhcp.x86_64 12:4.1.1-51.P1.el6.centos Complete! [root@salt-master ~]# rpm -ql dhcp /etc/dhcp /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf /etc/openldap/schema/dhcp.schema /etc/portreserve/dhcpd /etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd /etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd6 /etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcrelay /etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcrelay6 /etc/sysconfig/dhcpd /etc/sysconfig/dhcpd6 /etc/sysconfig/dhcrelay /etc/sysconfig/dhcrelay6 /usr/bin/omshell /usr/sbin/dhcpd /usr/sbin/dhcrelay /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1 /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/3.0b1-lease-convert /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/IANA-arp-parameters /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/README.ldap /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/api+protocol /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhclient-tz-exithook.sh /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd-conf-to-ldap /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd6.conf.sample /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-01.txt /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/ms2isc /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/ms2isc/Registry.perlmodule /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/ms2isc/ms2isc.pl /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/ms2isc/readme.txt /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/sethostname.sh /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/solaris.init /usr/share/man/man1/omshell.1.gz /usr/share/man/man5/dhcpd.conf.5.gz /usr/share/man/man5/dhcpd.leases.5.gz /usr/share/man/man8/dhcpd.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/dhcrelay.8.gz /var/lib/dhcpd /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd6.lease [root@salt-master ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf cp: overwrite `/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf'? y DHCP-Server:UDP/67 DHCP-Client:UDP/68 [root@salt-master ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf option domain-name "uplooking.com"; option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.200; default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; log-facility local7; subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { option routers 192.168.1.1; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option time-offset -18000; range 192.168.1.220 192.168.1.223; default-lease-time 21600; max-lease-time 43200; } [root@salt-master ~]# /etc/init.d/dhcpd start Starting dhcpd: [ OK ] [root@salt-master ~]# netstat -anutlp|grep dhcp udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:* 2085/dhcpd 找一台服务器由于多个dhcp的存在他可能不会选则自己的服务器或者你想给服务器指定IP地址 [root@salt-master ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf option domain-name "uplooking.com"; option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.200; default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; log-facility local7; subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { option routers 192.168.1.1; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option time-offset -18000; range 192.168.1.223 192.168.1.224; default-lease-time 21600; max-lease-time 43200; host ns2 { hardware ethernet 00:0C:29:38:1E:F7; fixed-address 192.168.1.201; } } 添加host选项 注意这个地址一定部在range的范围之内 另外有专用的话等级比自动分配要高 客户端 [root@salt-master ~]# dhclient -h Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.1.1-P1 Copyright 2004-2010 Internet Systems Consortium. All rights reserved. For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/ Usage: dhclient [-4|-6] [-SNTP1dvrx] [-nw] [-p <port>] [-s server] [-cf config-file] [-lf lease-file][-pf pid-file] [-e VAR=val] [-I <dhcp-client-identifier>] [-B] [-H <host-name> | -F <fqdn.fqdn>] [-timeout <timeout>] [-V <vendor-class-identifier>] [-R <request option list>] [-sf script-file] [interface] 客户端直接 dhclient命令就可以用了手动获取dhcp分配地址 dhclient -d选项工作在前台
转载于:https://my.oschina.net/liubaizi/blog/758030