323. Number of Connected Components in an Undirected Graph

323. Number of Connected Components in an Undirected Graph

题目链接：https://leetcode.com/problems...

这道题和numbers of islands II 是一个思路，一个count初始化为n，union find每次有新的edge就union两个节点，如果两个节点(u, v)原来不在一个连通图里面就减少count并且连起来，如果原来就在一个图里面就不管。用一个索引array来做，union find优化就是加权了，每次把大的树的root当做parent，小的树的root作为child。

public class Solution {
    public int countComponents(int n, int[][] edges) {
        // union find
        int count = n;
        // array to store parent
        init(n, edges);
        for(int[] edge : edges) {
            int root1 = find(edge[0]);
            int root2 = find(edge[1]);
            if(root1 != root2) {
                union(root1, root2);
                count--;
            }
        }
        return count;
    }
    
    int[] map;
    private void init(int n, int[][] edges) {
        map = new int[n];
        for(int[] edge : edges) {
            map[edge[0]] = edge[0];
            map[edge[1]] = edge[1];
        }
    }
    
    private int find(int child) {
        while(map[child] != child) child = map[child];
        return child;
    }
    
    private void union(int child, int parent) {
        map[child] = parent;
    }
}