1 安装
gem install capistrano
// For mutiple stages
gem install capistrano-ext
2 准备
capify .
这个命令会创建Capfile,和 config/deploy.rb 文件。Capfile会帮助加在一些合适的库文件和配置。
配置deploy.rb
set :application, "applciation_name"
//git
set :scm, :git
set :repository, "git@www.xxx.com:/repository.git"
set :scm_passphrase, ""
//sub version
set :scm, :subversion
set :repository, "https://account.svn.beanstalkapp.com/repository"
// user name
set :user, "server-user-name"
多stage需要包含文件
require 'capistrano/ext/multistage'
然后
set :stages, ["staging", "production"]
set :default_stage, "staging"
然后在config目录下创建一个文件夹deploy 然后创建两个文件 production.rb staging.rb
production.rb
server "xxx.com", :app, :web, :db, :primary => true
set :deploy_to, "/var/www/application_name"
staging.rb
server "xxx.com", :app, :web, :db, :primary => true
set :deploy_to, "/var/www/application_staging"
3 一些设置
cap deploy:setup
这条命令SSH到服务器,创建deploy_to的目录。
errors:
[xxx.com] executing command
*** [err :: xxx.co] sudo
*** [err :: xxx.co] :
*** [err :: xxx.co] sorry, you must have a tty to run sudo
*** [err :: xxx.co]
command finished in 718ms
failed: "sh -c 'sudo -p '\\''sudo password: '\\'' mkdir -p /var/www/TTQuan_staging /var/www/xxx_staging/releases /var/www/xxx_staging/shared /var/www/xxx_staging/shared/system /var/www/TTQuan_staging/shared/log /var/www/xxx_staging/shared/pids'" on xxx.co
要添加
default_run_options[:pty] = true
确信你的设置没有问题
cap deploy:check
You appear to have all necessary dependencies installed
最后部署
cap deploy
cap production deploy
5 Tips & Tricks
1) Capistrano 第一次部署都会clone/export respository,然后之后每次git pull/svn up就会替代clone/export。如果你经常deploy 那这样会加速部署
set :deploy_via, :remote_cache
2)创建tasks
namespace :deploy do
task :restart, :roles => :web do
run "touch #{ current_path }/tmp/restart.txt"
end
task :restart_daemons, :roles => :app do
sudo "monit restart all -g daemons"
end
end
Capistrano 不仅仅是通过ssh复制文件。完成复制文件之后你还可以配置一些事件和命令,例如通过自定义脚本重启服务器。Capistrano叫这些为“tasks”。
这里例子很简单。restart就是部署完成之后运行的。 “touch tmp/restart.txt“ 是用passenger时候使用的,但是如果你使用unicorn就换成unicron的就可以了。
下面的task 不会自动运行
after "deploy", "deploy:restart_daemons"
3)关联环境的branches
production.rb
set :branch, 'production'
staging.rb
set :branch, 'staging'
cap deploy 默认是staging
cap production deploy
参考 https://github.com/capistrano/capistrano/wiki