Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS 部署cap

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-10 22:59:04 发布

weixin_34357962

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-10 22:59:04 发布

阅读量716

点赞数

文章标签： ruby 运维 git

原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/8065082/1540124

版权

一.系统环境

jim@mode:~$ cat /etc/issue

Ubuntu 12.04.4 LTS \n \l

jim@mode:~$ uname -ra

Linux mode 3.11.0-15-generic#25~precise1-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jan 30 17:39:31 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

二.拓扑图

三.创建用户

jim@mode:~$ sudo adduser deploy

[sudo] password for jim:

perl: warning: Setting locale failed.

perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:

LANGUAGE = "zh_CN:zh",

LC_ALL = (unset),

LC_PAPER = "zh_CN",

LC_ADDRESS = "zh_CN",

LC_MONETARY = "zh_CN",

LC_NUMERIC = "zh_CN",

LC_TELEPHONE = "zh_CN",

LC_IDENTIFICATION = "zh_CN",

LC_MEASUREMENT = "zh_CN",

LC_TIME = "zh_CN",

LC_NAME = "zh_CN",

LANG = "zh_CN.UTF-8"

are supported and installed on your system.

perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").

Adding user `deploy' ...

Adding new group `deploy' (1002) ...

Adding new user `deploy' (1002) with group `deploy' ...

Creating home directory `/home/deploy' ...

Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...

Enter new UNIX password:

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: password updated successfully

Changing the user information for deploy

Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default

Full Name []:

Room Number []:

Work Phone []:

Home Phone []:

Other []:

Is the information correct? [Y/n] Y

deploy@mode:~$ echo $LANG

zh_CN.UTF-8

解决上面的问题：

export LANG=en

export LANGUAG

export LC_ALL=

echo $LANG

deploy@mode:~$ echo $LANG

en_US.UTF-8

给用户deploy sudo 组的权限

jim@mode:~$ sudo usermod -a -G sudo deploy

查看deploy用户

jim@mode:~$ id deploy

uid=1002(deploy) gid=1002(deploy) groups=1002(deploy),27(sudo)

二.安装

安装相关包，包括git包等。

sudo apt-get install wget vim build-essential openssl libreadline6 libreadline6-dev curl git-core zlib1g zlib1g-dev libssl-dev libyaml-dev libxml2-dev libxslt-dev autoconf automake libtool p_w_picpathmagick libpcre3-dev bison libc6-dev ncurses-dev

安装RVM

接下来，我们在用户zlz下面安装rvm。随便普及一下相关的基础知识。

什么是RVM？

rvm是一个命令行工具，可以提供一个便捷的多版本ruby环境的管理和切换。

在服务器上用一个普通用户安装rvm，然后用rvm来安装ruby 和gemset。用rvm是必须得,因为服务器上不可能只部署一个项目，且项目使用的版本都不一样。

因此我们在一普通用户下安装让rvm，即是：在用户下安装。

切换到用户deploy下。

jim@mode:~$ su - deploy

Password:

安装

deploy@mode:~$ \curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable

Downloading https://github.com/wayneeseguin/rvm/archive/stable.tar.gz

Installing RVM to /home/deploy/.rvm/

Adding rvm PATH line to /home/deploy/.profile /home/deploy/.bashrc /home/deploy/.zshrc.

Adding rvm loading line to /home/deploy/.bash_profile /home/deploy/.zlogin.

Installation of RVM in /home/deploy/.rvm/ is almost complete:

* To start using RVM you need to run `source /home/deploy/.rvm/scripts/rvm`

in all your open shell windows, in rare cases you need to reopen all shell windows.

# deploy,

# Thank you for using RVM!

# We sincerely hope that RVM helps to make your life easier and more enjoyable!!!

# ~Wayne, Michal & team.

In case of problems: http://rvm.io/help and https://twitter.com/rvm_io

deploy@mode:~$ source /home/deploy/.rvm/scripts/rvm

deploy@mode:~$ rvm -v

rvm 1.25.28 (stable) by Wayne E. Seguin <wayneeseguin@gmail.com>, Michal Papis <mpapis@gmail.com> [https://rvm.io/]

查看环境变量

deploy@mode:~$ echo $PATH

/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/games:/usr/games:/home/deploy/.rvm/bin

安装一个ruby版本

deploy@mode:~$ rvm install 1.9.3

Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time.

Found remote file https://rvm.io/binaries/ubuntu/12.04/x86_64/ruby-1.9.3-p547.tar.bz2

Checking requirements for ubuntu.

Installing requirements for ubuntu.

Updating systemdeploy password required for 'apt-get --quiet --yes update':

deploy password required for 'apt-get --quiet --yes update':

............

Installing required packages: gawk, libsqlite3-dev, sqlite3, libgdbm-dev, pkg-config, libffi-dev..........

Requirements installation successful.

ruby-1.9.3-p547 - #configure

ruby-1.9.3-p547 - #download

% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current

Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed

100 11.3M 100 11.3M 0 0 208k 0 0:00:55 0:00:55 --:--:-- 159k

ruby-1.9.3-p547 - #validate archive

ruby-1.9.3-p547 - #extract

ruby-1.9.3-p547 - #validate binary

ruby-1.9.3-p547 - #setup

ruby-1.9.3-p547 - #gemset created /home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p547@global

ruby-1.9.3-p547 - #importing gemset /home/deploy/.rvm/gemsets/global.gems....................................

ruby-1.9.3-p547 - #generating global wrappers........

ruby-1.9.3-p547 - #gemset created /home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p547

ruby-1.9.3-p547 - #importing gemsetfile /home/deploy/.rvm/gemsets/default.gems evaluated to empty gem list

ruby-1.9.3-p547 - #generating default wrappers........

查看rvm版本

deploy@mode:~$ rvm -v

rvm 1.25.28 (stable) by Wayne E. Seguin <wayneeseguin@gmail.com>, Michal Papis <mpapis@gmail.com> [https://rvm.io/]

查看环境变量

deploy@mode:~$ echo $PATH

/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p547/bin:/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p547@global/bin:/home/deploy/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p547/bin:/home/deploy/.rvm/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/games:/usr/games

设置默认的Ruby 版本

deploy@mode:~$ rvm 1.9.3 --default

查看ruby版本

deploy@mode:~$ ruby -v

ruby 1.9.3p547 (2014-05-14 revision 45962) [x86_64-linux]

使用 rvm list known 命令列出所有已知的版本

deploy@mode:~$ rvm list known

# MRI Rubies

[ruby-]1.8.6[-p420]

[ruby-]1.8.7[-head] # security released on head

[ruby-]1.9.1[-p431]

[ruby-]1.9.2[-head] # security released on head

[ruby-]1.9.3[-p547]

[ruby-]2.0.0-p451

[ruby-]2.0.0[-p481]

[ruby-]2.1.1

[ruby-]2.1[.2]

[ruby-]2.1-head

ruby-head

# GoRuby

goruby

# Topaz

topaz

# TheCodeShop - MRI experimental patches

tcs

# jamesgolick - All around gangster

jamesgolick

# Minimalistic ruby implementation - ISO 30170:2012

mruby[-head]

# JRuby

jruby-1.6.8

jruby[-1.7.13]

jruby-head

# Rubinius

rbx-1.3.3

rbx-2.0.0

rbx-2.1.1

rbx[-2.2.10]

rbx-head

# Ruby Enterprise Edition

ree-1.8.6

ree[-1.8.7][-2012.02]

# Kiji

kiji

# MagLev

maglev[-head]

maglev-1.0.0

# Mac OS X Snow Leopard Or Newer

macruby-0.10

macruby-0.11

macruby[-0.12]

macruby-nightly

macruby-head

# Opal

opal

# IronRuby

ironruby[-1.1.3]

ironruby-head

因为需要我们去git服务器上去拉取代码，所有需要我们为用户deploy生成一个公钥，然后把公钥放到git代码服务器上。

我们可以通俗的理解为：

这个过程就如：

自己买了一把锁和钥匙，之后，把自己的锁给别人，然后自己再拿着钥匙去开送给别人的锁。

为用户deploy生产密钥对

deploy@mode:~$ ssh-keygen -t dsa

Generating public/private dsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key (/home/deploy/.ssh/id_dsa):

Created directory '/home/deploy/.ssh'.

Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):

Enter same passphrase again:

Your identification has been saved in /home/deploy/.ssh/id_dsa.

Your public key has been saved in /home/deploy/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.

The key fingerprint is:

f4:44:37:44:6e:a8:0a:9d:f1:a3:ab:69:3b:4f:14:21 deploy@mode

The key's randomart p_w_picpath is:

+--[ DSA 1024]----+

| E . .o= |

| . . . + . |

| o . o o |

| . * + . |

| . + S . |

| o o . |

| + |

| oo . |

| .+=o |

+-----------------+

查看生成的密码对：

deploy@mode:~$ ll .ssh/

total 16

drwx------ 2 deploy deploy 4096 Aug 14 16:33 ./

drwxr-xr-x 4 deploy deploy 4096 Aug 14 16:33 ../

-rw------- 1 deploy deploy 672 Aug 14 16:33 id_dsa ----->私钥

-rw-r--r-- 1 deploy deploy 601 Aug 14 16:33 id_dsa.pub ----->公钥

然后再把id_dsa.pub ----->公钥通过git上传到服务器上。

deploy@mode:~$ cat .ssh/id_dsa.pub

ssh-dss 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 deploy@mode

把用户deploy加入到gitolite.conf里面。

@rails_team = @vincent_all zhanghuaxuan yangshukun zhanghuaxuanvm yangshukun2 wurain chenyuanheng yuanxiaofei xiaomacrm jim newuser yangshukun3 apps deploy

repo xmnewcrm

RW+= @rails_team @deploy

R= @developer

这样，就能拉取git服务器上的 xmnewcrm代码了

deploy.pub放到

在本地我在把git的配置推送到服务器上。

推送

然后再把公钥复制到git服务器211.157.136.58上

vincent@xiaoma-web-01:~$ sudo vim .ssh/authorized_keys2

在部署服务器192.168.1.97上的deploy用户下从git服务器211.157.136.58上拉取代码

deploy@mode:~$ git clone git@git.xiaoma.com:xmnewcrm

Cloning into 'xmnewcrm'...

The authenticity of host 'git.xiaoma.com (211.157.136.59)' can't be established.

ECDSA key fingerprint is e6:62:af:0e:01:02:e2:52:9a:db:6a:4b:46:93:50:35.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

Warning: Permanently added 'git.xiaoma.com,211.157.136.59' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.

remote: Counting objects: 4095, done.

remote: Compressing objects: 100% (3308/3308), done.

remote: Total 4095 (delta 2465), reused 1633 (delta 671)

Receiving objects: 100% (4095/4095), 16.24 MiB | 331 KiB/s, done.

Resolving deltas: 100% (2465/2465), done.

gemset的使用

rvm不仅可以提供一个多ruby版本共存的环境，还可以根据项目管理不同的gemset。

gemset可以理解为是一个独立的虚拟gem环境，每一个gemset都是相互独立的。

比如你有两个项目，一个是rails 2.3 一个是 rails 3，gemset可以帮你便捷的建立两套gem开发环境，并且方便的切换。

gemset是附加在ruby语言版本下面的，例如你用了1.9.2, 建立了一个叫rails3的gemset,当切换到1.8.7的时候，rails3这个gemset并不存在。

程序的运行环境就我需要用到的插件都在 xmnewcrm

创建一个名为xmnewcrm 的新 gemset

deploy@mode:~/xmnewcrm$ rvm gemset create xmnewcrm

ruby-1.9.3-p547 - #gemset created /home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p547@xmnewcrm

ruby-1.9.3-p547 - #generating xmnewcrm wrappers........

切换运行环境

deploy@mode:~/xmnewcrm$ rvm ruby-1.9.3@xmnewcrm

deploy@mode:~/xmnewcrm$ rvm gemset list

gemsets for ruby-1.9.3-p547 (found in /home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p547)

(default)

global

=> xmnewcrm

查看一下

deploy@mode:~/xmnewcrm$ ls

app config db Gemfile lib public README.rdoc test 用户信息.xls

Capfile config.ru doc Gemfile.lock log Rakefile script 员工信息_2014-07-29.xls

Gemfile定义你的应用依赖哪些第三方包，bundle根据该配置去寻找这些包。

deploy@mode:~/xmnewcrm$ vim Gemfile

# source 'https://rubygems.org'

source 'http://ruby.taobao.org/'

ruby '1.9.3'

gem 'rails', '3.2.15'

#gem 'activerecord-mysql-adapter'

gem 'activerecord-mysql2-adapter'

# Bundle edge Rails instead:

# gem 'rails', :git => 'git://github.com/rails/rails.git'

#gem 'mysql2'

#gem 'sqlite3'

gem 'spreadsheet','~> 0.6.5.4'

group :developments do

gem 'sqlite3'

end

# Gems used only for assets and not required

# in production environments by default.

group :assets do

gem 'sass-rails', '~> 3.2.3'

gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 3.2.1'

# See https://github.com/sstephenson/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes

gem 'therubyracer', :platforms => :ruby

gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.0.3'

end

gem 'jquery-rails'

#gem 'tinymce-rails'

# To use ActiveModel has_secure_password

# gem 'bcrypt-ruby', '~> 3.0.0'

# To use Jbuilder templates for JSON

# gem 'jbuilder'

# Use unicorn as the app server

gem 'unicorn'

# Deploy with Capistrano

gem 'capistrano', '3.0.1'

gem 'capistrano-bundler', '1.0.0'

gem 'capistrano-rails', '1.1.0'

gem 'capistrano-rvm', '0.0.3'

# To use debugger

# gem 'debugger'

# production server

#gem 'puma', '~> 2.6.0'

#gem "mysql2", "~> 0.3.14"

gem 'devise', '~> 3.2.2'

gem 'devise-encryptable'

gem 'cancan', '~> 1.6.10'

gem 'will_paginate', '~> 3.0.5'

# ios push message

# gem 'grocer'

#gem 'capistrano3-puma'#, :git => 'git://github.com/rainytooo/capistrano-puma.git', :branch => 'fix-bundle'

#gem 'capistrano', '~> 3.1.0'

#gem 'capistrano-rails', '~> 1.1.0'

#gem 'capistrano-rvm', '~> 0.0.3'

#gem 'rvm1-capistrano3', :require => false, :github => 'florian-winddle/rvm1-capistrano3'

gem 'passenger', '4.0.37'

gem 'haml-rails'

group :test ,:development do

gem 'pry'

gem 'thin'

end

安装mysql数据库，注意如果部署账号和被部署账号不在一个服务器上，就不用再部署账号上安装数据库。

deploy@mode:~/xmnewcrm$ apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (13: Permission denied)

E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), are you root?

deploy@mode:~/xmnewcrm$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

[sudo] password for deploy:

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree

Reading state information... Done

The following packages will be upgraded:

mysql-client mysql-server

2 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 71 not upgraded.

Need to get 22.6 kB of archives.

After this operation, 2,048 B of additional disk space will be used.

Get:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main mysql-client all 5.5.38-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 [11.2 kB]

Get:2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main mysql-server all 5.5.38-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 [11.4 kB]

Fetched 22.6 kB in 1s (14.0 kB/s)

(Reading database ... 61893 files and directories currently installed.)

Preparing to replace mysql-client 5.5.35-0ubuntu0.12.04.2 (using .../mysql-client_5.5.38-0ubuntu0.12.04.1_all.deb) ...

Unpacking replacement mysql-client ...

Preparing to replace mysql-server 5.5.35-0ubuntu0.12.04.2 (using .../mysql-server_5.5.38-0ubuntu0.12.04.1_all.deb) ...

Unpacking replacement mysql-server ...

Setting up mysql-client (5.5.38-0ubuntu0.12.04.1) ...

Setting up mysql-server (5.5.38-0ubuntu0.12.04.1) ...

deploy@mode:~/xmnewcrm$ mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 36

Server version: 5.5.35-0ubuntu0.12.04.2 (Ubuntu)

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> quit

Bye

下面这步一定要做

deploy@mode:~/xmnewcrm$ bundle install

Fetching source index from http://ruby.taobao.org/

Resolving dependencies..........................

Using rake 10.1.1

Using i18n 0.6.9

Using multi_json 1.9.0

Using activesupport 3.2.15

Using builder 3.0.4

Using activemodel 3.2.15

Using erubis 2.7.0

Using journey 1.0.4

Using rack 1.4.5

Using rack-cache 1.2

Using rack-test 0.6.2

Using hike 1.2.3

Using tilt 1.4.1

Using sprockets 2.2.2

Using actionpack 3.2.15

Using mime-types 1.25.1

Using polyglot 0.3.4

Using treetop 1.4.15

Using mail 2.5.4

Using actionmailer 3.2.15

Using arel 3.0.3

Using tzinfo 0.3.38

Using activerecord 3.2.15

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

/home/deploy/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p547/bin/ruby extconf.rb

checking for ruby/thread.h... no

checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... yes

checking for rb_wait_for_single_fd()... yes

checking for rb_hash_dup()... yes

checking for rb_intern3()... yes