https://blog.csdn.net/kong_gu_you_lan/article/details/80589859 串口通信完整例程
一.串口连接成功并且串口驱动安装成功。
二.版本注意事项:
javax.comm开发中,由于win32com.dll只能工作在32位模式下,所以基本就是说串口通讯只支持jdk16~1.7~1.8的32位版本(已测试)
spring boot 2.0以上只能工作在jdk1.8以上,所以这次我是从jdk1.7-32bit转到jdk1.8-32bit
win32com.dll这个东西太老了,又没有64位的。网上说建议使用RxTx,支持Linux 32/64、Windows 32/64,这个晚点有空再研究。http://mfizz.com/oss/rxtx-for-java
资源下载:
- csdn https://download.csdn.net/download/moshowgame/10403876
- 百度网盘 链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1uii3uoWwHp71MlkxjKjZag 密码: 957h
文件清单(注意%JAVA_HOME%是jdk的路径,而非jre):
comm.jar(javax.comm的包,添加到%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext)
javax.comm.properties(javax.comm的配置,添加到%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib)
win32com.dll(串口调试DLL,添加到JAVA_HOME%/bin)
vspd(虚拟串口调试工具,可以虚拟COM1和COM2,监听COM1并发送数据,COM2就可以收到,本质上是映射了COM1<->COM2相互通讯)
串口调试精灵,可以打开端口,设置一样的参数之后可以进行调试
三.1.简单串口读取
import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.Enumeration; import java.util.TooManyListenersException; import javax.comm.CommPort; import javax.comm.CommPortIdentifier; import javax.comm.PortInUseException; import javax.comm.SerialPort; import javax.comm.SerialPortEvent; import javax.comm.SerialPortEventListener; import javax.comm.UnsupportedCommOperationException; import com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.generic.NEW; public class SimpleRead implements Runnable, SerialPortEventListener { static CommPortIdentifier commPortIdentifier; static Enumeration portList; InputStream inputStream; SerialPort serialPort; Thread readThread; public static void main(String[] args) { /*不带参数的getPortIdentifiers方法获得一个枚举对象,该对象又包含了系统中管理每个端口的CommPortIdentifier对象。 *注意这里的端口不仅仅是指串口,也包括并口。这个方法还可以带参数。 * getPortIdentifiers(CommPort)获得与已经被应用程序打开的端口相对应的CommPortIdentifier对象。 * getPortIdentifier(String portName)获取指定端口名(比如“COM1”)的CommPortIdentifier对象。*/ portList = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifiers(); while (portList.hasMoreElements()) { commPortIdentifier = (CommPortIdentifier) portList.nextElement(); if (commPortIdentifier.getPortType() == CommPortIdentifier.PORT_SERIAL) { if (commPortIdentifier.getName().equals("COM5")) { SimpleRead readerRead = new SimpleRead(); } } } } public SimpleRead() { System.out.println("检测到COM5了"); try { /* open方法打开通讯端口,获得一个CommPort对象。 * 它使程序独占端口。如果端口正被其他应用程序占用,将使用CommPortOwnershipListener事件机制,传递一个PORT_OWNERSHIP_REQUESTED事件。 * 每个端口都关联一个InputStream和一个OutputStream。 * 如果端口是用open方法打开的,那么任何的getInputStream都将返回相同的数据流对象,除非有close被调用。 * 有两个参数,第一个为应用程序名;第二个参数是在端口打开时阻塞等待的毫秒数。*/ serialPort = (SerialPort) commPortIdentifier.open(this.getClass() .getName(), 2000); } catch (PortInUseException e) { System.out.println("端口正在使用"); } try { /*获取端口的输入流对象*/ inputStream = serialPort.getInputStream(); } catch (IOException e2) { } try { /*注册一个SerialPortEventListener事件来监听串口事件*/ serialPort.addEventListener(this); } catch (TooManyListenersException e3) { } /*数据可用*/ serialPort.notifyOnDataAvailable(true); try { /*设置串口初始化参数,依次是波特率,数据位,停止位和校验*/ serialPort.setSerialPortParams(9600, serialPort.DATABITS_8, serialPort.STOPBITS_1, serialPort.PARITY_NONE); } catch (UnsupportedCommOperationException e4) { } readThread = new Thread(this); readThread.start(); } //串口事件 @Override public void serialEvent(SerialPortEvent event) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub switch (event.getEventType()) { case SerialPortEvent.BI:/* Break interrupt,通讯中断 */ case SerialPortEvent.OE:/* Overrun error,溢位错误 */ case SerialPortEvent.FE:/* Framing error,传帧错误 */ case SerialPortEvent.PE:/* Parity error,校验错误 */ case SerialPortEvent.CD:/* Carrier detect,载波检测 */ case SerialPortEvent.CTS:/* Clear to send,清除发送 */ case SerialPortEvent.DSR:/* Data set ready,数据设备就绪 */ case SerialPortEvent.RI:/* Ring indicator,响铃指示 */ case SerialPortEvent.OUTPUT_BUFFER_EMPTY:/* * Output buffer is * empty,输出缓冲区清空 */ break; case SerialPortEvent.DATA_AVAILABLE:/* * Data available at the serial * port,端口有可用数据。读到缓冲数组,输出到终端 */ byte[] readBuffer = new byte[20]; try { while (inputStream.available() > 0) { //从输入流中读取一定数量的字节,存储到字节数组中,返回实际读取的字节数 int numBytes = inputStream.read(readBuffer); } System.out.print(new String(readBuffer)); } catch (IOException e) { } break; } } @Override public void run() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub try { Thread.sleep(20000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } }
2.完整串口读和写
import java.io.BufferedInputStream; import java.io.BufferedOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Enumeration; import java.util.TooManyListenersException; import javax.comm.CommPortIdentifier; import javax.comm.PortInUseException; import javax.comm.SerialPort; import javax.comm.SerialPortEvent; import javax.comm.SerialPortEventListener; import javax.comm.UnsupportedCommOperationException; public class SimpleRead implements Runnable, SerialPortEventListener { private String appName = "串口通讯测试"; private int timeout = 2000;// open 端口时的等待时间,延迟时间(毫秒数) private int threadTime = 0; private CommPortIdentifier commPort; private SerialPort serialPort; private InputStream inputStream; private OutputStream outputStream; //当前接收COM口的数据 public static String receiptDataString=""; //当前已取的数组下标 public static int nowDataIndex =0; //当前接收COM口的数据自动切割成StringList public static ArrayList<String> receiptDataList=new ArrayList<String>(); /** * @方法名称 :listPort * @功能描述 :列出所有可用的串口 * @返回值类型 :void */ @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") public void listPort() { CommPortIdentifier cpid; Enumeration en = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifiers();//获得端口列表 System.out.println("now to list all Port of this PC:" + en); while (en.hasMoreElements()) { cpid = (CommPortIdentifier) en.nextElement(); if (cpid.getPortType() == CommPortIdentifier.PORT_SERIAL) {//判断是否串口 System.out.println(cpid.getName() + ", " + cpid.getCurrentOwner()); } // if (cpid.getPortType() == CommPortIdentifier.PORT_PARALLEL) {//判断是否并行口 // System.out.println(cpid.getName() + ", " + cpid.getCurrentOwner()); // } } } /** * @方法名称 :selectPort * @功能描述 :选择一个端口,比如:COM1 * @返回值类型 :void * @param portName */ @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") public void selectPort(String portName) { this.commPort = null; CommPortIdentifier cpid; Enumeration en = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifiers(); while (en.hasMoreElements()) { cpid = (CommPortIdentifier) en.nextElement(); if (cpid.getPortType() == CommPortIdentifier.PORT_SERIAL && cpid.getName().equals(portName)) { this.commPort = cpid; break; } } openPort(); } /** * @方法名称 :openPort * @功能描述 :打开SerialPort * @返回值类型 :void */ private void openPort() { if (commPort == null) log(String.format("无法找到串口!")); else { log("端口选择成功,当前端口:" + commPort.getName() + ",现在实例化 SerialPort:"); try { serialPort = (SerialPort) commPort.open(appName, timeout);//打开端口 serialPort.setSerialPortParams(9600, SerialPort.DATABITS_8, SerialPort.STOPBITS_1,SerialPort.PARITY_NONE); //设置参数 log("实例 SerialPort 成功!"); } catch (PortInUseException e) { throw new RuntimeException(String.format("端口'%1$s'正在使用中!", commPort.getName())); }catch (UnsupportedCommOperationException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /** * @方法名称 :checkPort * @功能描述 :检查端口是否正确连接 * @返回值类型 :void */ public void checkPort() { if (commPort == null) throw new RuntimeException("没有选择端口,请使用 " + "selectPort(String portName) 方法选择端口"); if (serialPort == null) { throw new RuntimeException("SerialPort 对象无效!"); } } /** * @方法名称 :write * @功能描述 :向端口发送数据,请在调用此方法前 先选择端口,并确定SerialPort正常打开! * @返回值类型 :void * @param message */ public void write(String message) { checkPort(); try { outputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(serialPort.getOutputStream()); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException("获取端口的OutputStream出错:" + e.getMessage()); } try { outputStream.write(message.getBytes()); log("信息发送成功!"); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException("向端口发送信息时出错:" + e.getMessage()); } finally { try { outputStream.close(); } catch (Exception e) { } } } public void write(byte[] message) { checkPort(); try { outputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(serialPort.getOutputStream()); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException("获取端口的OutputStream出错:" + e.getMessage()); } try { outputStream.write(message); log("信息发送成功!"); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException("向端口发送信息时出错:" + e.getMessage()); } finally { try { outputStream.close(); } catch (Exception e) { } } } /** * @方法名称 :startRead * @功能描述 :开始监听从端口中接收的数据 * @返回值类型 :void * @param time * 监听程序的存活时间,单位为秒,0 则是一直监听 */ public void startRead(int time) { checkPort(); try { inputStream = new BufferedInputStream(serialPort.getInputStream()); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException("获取端口的InputStream出错:" + e.getMessage()); } try { serialPort.addEventListener(this);//向SerialPort对象中添加串口事件监听器 } catch (TooManyListenersException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage()); } serialPort.notifyOnDataAvailable(true);//设置串口有数据的事件true有效,false无效 log(String.format("开始监听来自'%1$s'的数据--------------", commPort.getName())); if (time > 0) { this.threadTime = time * 1000; // this.threadTime = time* 10; Thread t = new Thread(this); t.start(); log(String.format("监听程序将在%1$d秒后关闭。。。。", threadTime)); } } /** * @方法名称 :startRead * @功能描述 :开始监听从端口中接收的数据 * @返回值类型 :void * @param time * 监听程序的存活时间,单位为秒,0 则是一直监听 */ public void read(int time) { checkPort(); try { inputStream = new BufferedInputStream(serialPort.getInputStream()); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException("获取端口的InputStream出错:" + e.getMessage()); } try { serialPort.addEventListener(this);//向SerialPort对象中添加串口事件监听器 } catch (TooManyListenersException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage()); } serialPort.notifyOnDataAvailable(true);//设置串口有数据的事件true有效,false无效 log(String.format("开始监听来自'%1$s'的数据--------------", commPort.getName())); if (time > 0) { this.threadTime = time * 1000; // this.threadTime = time* 10; Thread t = new Thread(this); t.start(); log(String.format("监听程序将在%1$d秒后关闭。。。。", threadTime)); } } /** * @方法名称 :close * @功能描述 :关闭 SerialPort * @返回值类型 :void */ public void close() { serialPort.close(); serialPort = null; commPort = null; } public void log(String msg) { System.out.println(appName + " --> " + msg); } /** * 数据接收的监听处理函数 */ @Override public void serialEvent(SerialPortEvent arg0) { switch (arg0.getEventType()) { case SerialPortEvent.BI:/* Break interrupt,通讯中断 */ case SerialPortEvent.OE:/* Overrun error,溢位错误 */ case SerialPortEvent.FE:/* Framing error,传帧错误 */ case SerialPortEvent.PE:/* Parity error,校验错误 */ case SerialPortEvent.CD:/* Carrier detect,载波检测 */ case SerialPortEvent.CTS:/* Clear to send,清除发送 */ case SerialPortEvent.DSR:/* Data set ready,数据设备就绪 */ case SerialPortEvent.RI:/* Ring indicator,响铃指示 */ case SerialPortEvent.OUTPUT_BUFFER_EMPTY:/* * Output buffer is * empty,输出缓冲区清空 */ break; case SerialPortEvent.DATA_AVAILABLE:/* * Data available at the serial * port,端口有可用数据。读到缓冲数组,输出到终端 */ byte[] readBuffer = new byte[1024]; String readStr = ""; String s2 = ""; try { while (inputStream.available() > 0) { inputStream.read(readBuffer); readStr += new String(readBuffer).trim(); } s2 = new String(readBuffer).trim(); //接收的精华再这里 //1。readStr为当次读入的,一般设备是1位1位读,模拟的时候就很多位,但是不重要 //2。receiptDataString是用来缓存输入字符串的 //3。receiptDataString.length()==XX这里可以设定你要接受的长度,然后接收指定数据 //4。超长或者不符合长度,你可以看情况抛弃数据或者清空,或者累加 //5。接受成功的数据,放入receiptDataList供获取调用 //6。nowDataIndex是当前数组的下标,可以参考PortController中对数据获取的方法 log("接收端口COM->返回数据(长度为" + readStr.length() + "):数据" + s2); receiptDataString+=readStr; log("receiptDataString->长度" + receiptDataString.length() + "),数据" + receiptDataString); if(receiptDataString.length()==58){ receiptDataList.add(receiptDataString); receiptDataString=""; log("校验通过,数据接收成功"); }else if(receiptDataString.length()>100){ receiptDataString=""; } } catch (IOException e) { } } } @Override public void run() { try { Thread.sleep(threadTime); serialPort.close(); log(String.format("端口'%1$s'监听关闭了!", commPort.getName())); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void main(String[] args) { SimpleRead sp = new SimpleRead(); //sp.listPort(); sp.selectPort("COM5"); sp.write("210.36.16.166"); //sp.write("2"); //sp.startRead(120); } }
3.java基于RXTXcomm.jar的串口通信
https://blog.csdn.net/baidu_30541191/article/details/50429836