【presto】时间函数汇总


目录
  • 获取当前日期:current_date()
  • 获取当前时间:current_time()
  • 获取当前日期和时间:current_timestamp()
  • 获取当前日期和时间:now()
  • 获取当前时区:current_timezone()
  • 字符串转时间戳:cast(string, timestamp)
  • 字符串转时间戳:date_parse(string, fromat)
  • bigint转时间戳
  • 时间戳转biging
  • 时间戳格式化: format_datetime(timestamp,format)
  • 时间戳取年月日
  • 字符串转年月日
  • bigint转年月日
  • 时间间隔:date_diff(unit, timestamp1, timestamp2)
  • 几天前后几天后:interval、date_add
  • 月初、年初、周一和季度第一天:date_trunc(unit, timestamp)
  • 时间提取函数 extract、year、month、day
  • 日期是周几:day_of_week()

日期时间运算符


运算符

示例

结果

+

date ‘2012-08-08’ + interval ‘2’ day )

2012-08-10

+

time ‘01:00’ + interval ‘3’ hour

04:00:00.000

+

timestamp ‘2012-08-08 01:00’ + interval ‘29’ hour

2012-08-09 06:00:00.000

+

timestamp ‘2012-10-31 01:00’ + interval ‘1’ month

2012-11-30 01:00:00.000

+

interval ‘2’ day + interval ‘3’ hour

2 03:00:00.000

+

interval ‘3’ year + interval ‘5’ month

3-5

-

date ‘2012-08-08’ - interval ‘2’ day

2012-08-06

-

time ‘01:00’ - interval ‘3’ hour

22:00:00.000

-

dtimestamp ‘2012-08-08 01:00’ - interval ‘29’ hour

2012-08-06 20:00:00.000

-

timestamp ‘2012-10-31 01:00’ - interval ‘1’ month

2012-09-30 01:00:00.000

-

interval ‘2’ day - interval ‘3’ hour

1 21:00:00.000

-

interval ‘3’ year - interval ‘5’ month

2-7


时区转换
运算符:AT TIME ZONE,用于设置一个时间戳的时区:

select timestamp '2022-03-17 01:00 UTC';
2022-03-17 09:00:00
  • 1.
  • 2.

select timestamp ‘2022-03-17 01:00 UTC’ AT TIME ZONE ‘America/Los_Angeles’;
2022-03-17 09:00:00


获取当前日期:current_date()

select current_date();
-- 2022-03-17
  • 1.
  • 2.

获取当前时间:current_time()

select current_time();
-- 17:07:16
  • 1.
  • 2.

获取当前日期和时间:current_timestamp()

select current_timestamp();
-- 2022-03-17 21:17:49.035
  • 1.
  • 2.

获取当前日期和时间:now()

select now();
-- 2022-03-17 21:27:03.604
  • 1.
  • 2.

获取当前时区:current_timezone()

select current_timezone(); 
-- Asia/Shanghai
  • 1.
  • 2.

字符串转时间戳:cast(string, timestamp)

select cast('2022-03-17' as timestamp);
-- 2022-03-17 00:00:00.0
select cast('2022-03-17 00:00:00' as timestamp);
-- 2022-03-17 00:00:00.0
  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.

字符串转时间戳:date_parse(string, fromat)

select date_parse('2022-03-17', '%Y-%m-%d');
-- 2022-03-17 00:00:00.0
select date_parse('2022-03-17 00:00:00', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%S');
-- 2022-03-17 00:00:00.0
  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.

注意: 字符串格式和format格式需保持一致。
以下为错误示例:

select date_parse('2022-03-17', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%S');
-- Invalid format: "2022-03-17" is too short
  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 1
  • 2

bigint转时间戳

select from_unixtime(1647500800);
-- 2022-03-17 15:06:40.0
  • 1.
  • 2.

时间戳转biging

select to_unixtime(current_date);
-- 1647446400
  • 1.
  • 2.

时间戳格式化: format_datetime(timestamp,format)

select format_datetime(cast('2022-03-17' as timestamp),'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss');
-- 2022-03-17 00:00:00
select format_datetime(cast('2022-03-17' as timestamp),'yyyy-MM-dd HH');
-- 2022-03-17 00
select date_trunc('second', current_timestamp());
-- 2022-05-03 13:37:12.0
select date_trunc('minute', current_timestamp());
--
  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.

时间戳取年月日

select date_format(current_date,'%Y-%m-%d');
select date(current_date);
select cast(current_date as date);
-- 2022-03-17
  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.

字符串转年月日

select date(cast('2021-03-17 10:28:00' as TIMESTAMP));
select date('2021-03-17');
select date_format(cast('2021-03-17 10:28:00' as TIMESTAMP),'%Y-%m-%d');
select to_date('2021-03-17','yyyy-mm-dd');
 -- 2021-03-17
  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.

注意: 格式不同时date、to_date无法使用

select date('2021-03-17 10:28:00');
-- Value cannot be cast to date: 2021-03-17 10:28:00
select to_date('2021-03-17 10:28:00','yyyy-mm-dd');
-- Invalid format: "2021-03-17 10:28:00" is malformed at " 10:28:00"
  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.

bigint转年月日

select date(from_unixtime(1647500800));
-- 2022-03-17
select date_format(from_unixtime(1647500800),'%Y-%m-%d');
-- 2022-03-17
  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.

时间间隔:date_diff(unit, timestamp1, timestamp2)

函数支持如下所列的间隔单位:


Unit

Description

second

Seconds

minute

Minutes

hour

Hours

day

Days

week

Weeks

month

Months

quarter

Quarters of a year

year

Years


select date_diff('day',cast('2022-03-17' as TIMESTAMP),cast('2022-03-26' as TIMESTAMP));
-- 9
select date_diff('month',cast('2022-02-17' as TIMESTAMP),cast('2022-03-26' as TIMESTAMP));
-- 1
select date_diff('year',cast('2021-02-17' as TIMESTAMP),cast('2022-03-26' as TIMESTAMP));
-- 1
  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.

注意: 与hive差异!!!

presto中 date_diff('day',date1,date2)【后-前】
hive,mysql中 datediff(date1,date2) 【前-后】
  • 1.
  • 2.

几天前后几天后:interval、date_add

select current_date, (current_date - interval '7' month), date_add('day', -7, current_date);
-- 2022-03-17 | 2021-08-17 | 2022-03-10
select current_date, (current_date + interval '7' month), date_add('day', 7, current_date);
-- 2022-03-17 | 2022-10-17 | 2022-03-24
  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.

月初、年初、周一和季度第一天:date_trunc(unit, timestamp)

函数 date_trunc支持如下单位:


单位

Example Truncated Value

second

2001-08-22 03:04:05.000

minute

2001-08-22 03:04:00.000

hour

2001-08-22 03:00:00.000

day

2001-08-22 00:00:00.000

week

2001-08-20 00:00:00.000

month

2001-08-01 00:00:00.000

quarter

2001-07-01 00:00:00.000

year

2001-01-01 00:00:00.000


上面的例子使用时间戳: 2001-08-22 03:04:05.321 作为输入。

select date_trunc('second', current_timestamp());
-- 2022-05-03 13:39:38.0
select date_trunc('minute', current_timestamp());
-- 2022-05-03 13:40:00.0
select date_trunc('hour', current_timestamp());
-- 2022-05-03 13:00:00.0
select date_trunc('day', current_timestamp());
-- 2022-05-03 00:00:00.0
select date_trunc('week', cast('2022-03-17' as date));
-- 2022-03-14
select date_trunc('month', cast('2022-03-17' as date));
-- 2022-03-01
select date_trunc('quarter', cast('2022-03-17' as date));
-- 2022-01-01
select date_trunc('year', cast('2022-03-17' as date));
-- 2022-01-01
  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.

时间提取函数 extract、year、month、day

select 
	extract(year from current_date),
	year(current_date),
	extract(month from current_date),
	month(current_date),
	extract(day from current_date),
	day(current_date);
-- 2022 | 2022 | 3 | 3 | 17 | 17
  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.

日期是周几:day_of_week()

select day_of_week(current_date)
-- 4
  • 1.
  • 2.