java回调函数和抽象类的区别_通俗地解释回调函数

在以下场景中，假设A要给B发送消息，并且B收到消息后，需要告诉A我事情做完了。如果A不知道B到底有没有做完，就不能进行下一步操作，这时候我们就需要用到回调函数。

/**

* java的回调函数

*

* @author lewic

* @since 2020/4/29 20:29

*/

public class CallbackDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) {

// 测试

ASend aSend = new ASend();

aSend.sendB();

}

}

/**

* 发送方A

*/

class ASend {

/**

* 发送给B消息

*/

public void sendB() {

System.out.println("A send to new B, contain A object");

// 注意!!此处this为回调函数的精髓

new BReceived().receivedA(this);

}

/**

* 告诉我结果

*/

public boolean tellMe(boolean res) {

System.out.println("received result tell A by B");

return res;

}

}

/**

* 接收方B

*/

class BReceived {

private ASend aSend;

/**

* 接收A的请求

*/

public void receivedA(ASend aSend) {

System.out.println("B received A, set aSend");

this.aSend = aSend;

executeMy();

}

/**

* 接收到A请求后,B需要做的事

*/

private void executeMy() {

try {

System.out.println("exec my program");

finallyMy(true);

} catch (Exception e) {

finallyMy(false);

}

}

/**

* 事做完了,回调,通知A做的成功与否

*/

private void finallyMy(boolean res) {

System.out.println("B exec program, tell A result");

aSend.tellMe(res);

}

}

返回结果:

A send tonewB, contain A object

B received A, set aSend

exec my program

B exec program, tell A result

received result tell A by B

Process finished with exit code0

此处，有个不足之处就是，当有多方C,D,E,F等等，都发送给B消息时，总不能在B中设置多个C,D,E,F吧。

此时，我们可以用接口或者抽象类完美解决这个问题。

/*** java的回调函数

*

*@authorlewic

*@since2020/4/29 20:29*/

public classCallbackDemo2 {public static voidmain(String[] args) {//测试

ASend aSend = newASend();

aSend.sendB();

System.out.println();

CSend cSend= newCSend();

cSend.sendB();

}

}interfaceSendCallback {boolean tellMe(booleanres);

}/*** 发送方A*/

class ASend implementsSendCallback{/*** 发送给B消息*/

public voidsendB() {

System.out.println("A send to new B, contain A object");new BReceived().receivedA(this);

}/*** 告诉A结果*/@Overridepublic boolean tellMe(booleanres) {

System.out.println("received result tell A by B");returnres;

}

}/*** 发送方C*/

class CSend implementsSendCallback{/*** 发送给B消息*/

public voidsendB() {

System.out.println("C send to new B, contain C object");new BReceived().receivedA(this);

}/*** 告诉C结果*/@Overridepublic boolean tellMe(booleanres) {

System.out.println("received result tell C by B");returnres;

}

}/*** 接收方B*/

classBReceived {privateSendCallback send;/*** 接收A的请求*/

public voidreceivedA(SendCallback send) {

System.out.println("B received A, set aSend");this.send =send;

executeMy();

}/*** 接收到A请求后,B需要做的事*/

private voidexecuteMy() {try{

System.out.println("exec my program");

finallyMy(true);

}catch(Exception e) {

finallyMy(false);

}

}/*** 事做完了,回调,通知Send做的成功与否*/

private void finallyMy(booleanres) {

System.out.println("B exec program, tell Send result");

send.tellMe(res);

}

}

结果如下:

A send to new B, contain A object

B received A, set aSend

exec my program

B exec program, tell Send result

received result tell A by B

C send to new B, contain C object

B received A, set aSend

exec my program

B exec program, tell Send result

received result tell C by B

Process finished with exit code 0