matlab阶staircase函数,经验模态分解(EMD)在地球物理资料中的应用(附MATLAB程序)

经验模态分解(EMD)在地球物理资料中的应用(附MATLAB程序)

摘要经验模态分解(EMD)是由Huang等人提出的一种新的分析非线性、非平稳信号的方法。本文研究经验模态分解原理及其在地球物理资料中的应用。首先研究经验模态分解的基本原理和算法，对地球物理资料(地震资料，重磁资料)进行EMD分解试验分析，然后研究基于...

摘  要

经验模态分解(EMD)是由Huang等人提出的一种新的分析非线性、非平稳信号的方法。本文研究经验模态分解原理及其在地球物理资料中的应用。首先研究经验模态分解的基本原理和算法，对地球物理资料(地震资料，重磁资料)进行EMD分解试验分析，然后研究基于EMD的Hilbert变换原理及其在提取地震属性信息中的应用，对实际地震时间剖面和时间切片进行EMD时频分析试验。

本文的方法研究和数据试验分析表明：经EMD分解变换得到的IMF序列是直接从原始时序数据中分离出来的,事先无需确定分解阶次,能更好反映原始数据固有的物理特性,每阶IMF序列都代表了某种特定意义的频带信息；EMD分解获得的IMF序列具有稳态性,对IMF进行Hilbert变换，就可以得到单个固有模态函数的瞬时振幅、瞬时相位和瞬时频率，这些信息可以清楚的显示信号的时频特征；EMD分析方法用于分解地球物理资料和作时频分析是有效的。

关键词：经验模态分解；地球物理；Hilbert变换；固有模态函数；时频分析

ABSTRACT

Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD), which was developed by huang, is a new method to analyse nonlinear and nonstationary signals. In this paper, we study the theory of EMD and its applications in handling geophysical data. Firstly, we introduce the theory and the Methodology about EMD ,then we will use this method to analyse the geophysical information, including the g ravity anomaly data and seism’s data. Based on the EMD, we will study the theory of the Hilbert transform, and then use it to obtain the images,from which we can deal with the seism’s slice by time- frequency analysis in order to distill the seism’s information.

The studying of EMD and the data testing in this paper indicate: intrinsic mode functions(IMF) is comes from the original signal by the EMD, in this course, we need not fix on the Decomposition number and would not influenced by some men’s factors. Every intrinsic mode function stand for some given information and can reflect the