java xml特殊字符转义_Java中将xml文件转化为json遇到特殊字符会报错！

前言：

我们在项目开发中，有时候调用别人提供的接口，接收到的数据是xml，这时候为了方便后续开发中的使用，需要解析xml并把数据转化成json，今天这篇文章就讲解下如何把xml转化成json，并在这个过程中容易出现的问题。

正文：

一、测试项目的搭建

1.需要引入的pom依赖

com.google.code.gson

gson

2.7

cn.hutool

hutool-all

4.0.9

2.xml映射的对象

@Data

@AllArgsConstructor

@NoArgsConstructor

public class Programmer{

private String name;

private Integer age;

private String sex;

private String img;

}

3.转化的工具类

public class Xml2Json {

public static T convertToObject(String xml, Class cla){

JSONObject object = XML.toJSONObject(xml);

String jsonData = object.toString();

System.err.println(jsonData);

//截取字符串

String jsonObject = jsonData.substring(jsonData.indexOf(":")+1, jsonData.length()-1);

//将json格式的字符串转换成CertApplyRequest格式

Gson gson = new Gson();

T request = gson.fromJson(jsonObject, cla);

return request;

}

二、复现问题

1.测试代码

public static void main(String[] args){

String s="\n" +

" man\n" +

" 18\n" +

"\thttps://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&cl=2&cm=1&sc=0&lm=-1&ie=gb18030&pn=3&rn=1&di=99220&ln=30&word=%C5%ED%D3%DA%EA%CC&os=296869242,2380769407&cs=366539099,4208170291&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fhbimg.b0.upaiyun.com%2Fd8241f63c93bb0f35d6f8557cff86cb524a9b6f71178f5-3NGIpU_fw658&bdtype=0&simid=3446695705,94736452&pi=0&adpicid=0&timingneed=0&spn=0&is=0,0&fr=ala&ala=1" +

"&alatpl=adress&pos=1&oriquery=%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%8E%E6%99%8F&hs=2&xthttps=111111\n" +

"\n";

System.out.println(s);

Programmer programmer = Xml2Json.convertToObject(s, Programmer.class);

System.out.println(programmer.toString());

}

2.运行结果：报错啦！

man

18

https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&cl=2&cm=1&sc=0&lm=-1&ie=gb18030&pn=3&rn=1&di=99220&ln=30&word=%C5%ED%D3%DA%EA%CC&os=296869242,2380769407&cs=366539099,4208170291&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fhbimg.b0.upaiyun.com%2Fd8241f63c93bb0f35d6f8557cff86cb524a9b6f71178f5-3NGIpU_fw658&bdtype=0&simid=3446695705,94736452&pi=0&adpicid=0&timingneed=0&spn=0&is=0,0&fr=ala&ala=1&alatpl=adress&pos=1&oriquery=%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%8E%E6%99%8F&hs=2&xthttps=111111

Exception in thread "main" cn.hutool.json.JSONException: Missing ';' in XML entity: &z at 121 [character 59 line 4]

at cn.hutool.json.JSONTokener.syntaxError(JSONTokener.java:373)

at cn.hutool.json.XMLTokener.nextEntity(XMLTokener.java:107)

at cn.hutool.json.XMLTokener.nextContent(XMLTokener.java:83)

at cn.hutool.json.XML.parse(XML.java:171)

at cn.hutool.json.XML.parse(XML.java:185)

at cn.hutool.json.XML.toJSONObject(XML.java:232)

at cn.hutool.json.XML.toJSONObject(XML.java:214)

at com.model.Xml2Json.convertToObject(Xml2Json.java:15)

at com.model.Xml2Json.main(Xml2Json.java:46)

Process finished with exit code 1

3.分析结果

一般出现上面的异常，基本都是xml里的格式或者有特殊字符才报错的，所以我们可以看下我们的xml里的参数是否有特殊字符。可以看到img标签里的图片地址有特殊字符&，所以这时候我们只要把&进行转义，就可以啦。

三、解决问题

1.修改后的测试代码：

public static void main(String[] args){

String s="\n" +

" man\n" +

" 18\n" +

"\thttps://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&cl=2&cm=1&sc=0&lm=-1&ie=gb18030&pn=3&rn=1&di=99220&ln=30&word=%C5%ED%D3%DA%EA%CC&os=296869242,2380769407&cs=366539099,4208170291&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fhbimg.b0.upaiyun.com%2Fd8241f63c93bb0f35d6f8557cff86cb524a9b6f71178f5-3NGIpU_fw658&bdtype=0&simid=3446695705,94736452&pi=0&adpicid=0&timingneed=0&spn=0&is=0,0&fr=ala&ala=1" +

"&alatpl=adress&pos=1&oriquery=%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%8E%E6%99%8F&hs=2&xthttps=111111\n" +

"\n";

String s1 = s.replaceAll("&", "&");

System.out.println(s);

System.out.println(s1);

Programmer programmer = Xml2Json.convertToObject(s1, Programmer.class);

System.out.println(programmer.toString());

}

2.运行结果：xml转化json成功。

man

18

https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&cl=2&cm=1&sc=0&lm=-1&ie=gb18030&pn=3&rn=1&di=99220&ln=30&word=%C5%ED%D3%DA%EA%CC&os=296869242,2380769407&cs=366539099,4208170291&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fhbimg.b0.upaiyun.com%2Fd8241f63c93bb0f35d6f8557cff86cb524a9b6f71178f5-3NGIpU_fw658&bdtype=0&simid=3446695705,94736452&pi=0&adpicid=0&timingneed=0&spn=0&is=0,0&fr=ala&ala=1&alatpl=adress&pos=1&oriquery=%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%8E%E6%99%8F&hs=2&xthttps=111111

man

18

https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&cl=2&cm=1&sc=0&lm=-1&ie=gb18030&pn=3&rn=1&di=99220&ln=30&word=%C5%ED%D3%DA%EA%CC&os=296869242,2380769407&cs=366539099,4208170291&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fhbimg.b0.upaiyun.com%2Fd8241f63c93bb0f35d6f8557cff86cb524a9b6f71178f5-3NGIpU_fw658&bdtype=0&simid=3446695705,94736452&pi=0&adpicid=0&timingneed=0&spn=0&is=0,0&fr=ala&ala=1&alatpl=adress&pos=1&oriquery=%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%8E%E6%99%8F&hs=2&xthttps=111111

{"student":{"img":"https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&cl=2&cm=1&sc=0&lm=-1&ie=gb18030&pn=3&rn=1&di=99220&ln=30&word=%C5%ED%D3%DA%EA%CC&os=296869242,2380769407&cs=366539099,4208170291&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fhbimg.b0.upaiyun.com%2Fd8241f63c93bb0f35d6f8557cff86cb524a9b6f71178f5-3NGIpU_fw658&bdtype=0&simid=3446695705,94736452&pi=0&adpicid=0&timingneed=0&spn=0&is=0,0&fr=ala&ala=1&alatpl=adress&pos=1&oriquery=%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%8E%E6%99%8F&hs=2&xthttps=111111","sex":"man","name":"zhangsan","age":18}}

Xml2Json.Programmer(name=zhangsan, age=18, sex=man, img=https://image.baidu.com/search/detail?ct=503316480&z=0&tn=baiduimagedetail&ipn=d&cl=2&cm=1&sc=0&lm=-1&ie=gb18030&pn=3&rn=1&di=99220&ln=30&word=%C5%ED%D3%DA%EA%CC&os=296869242,2380769407&cs=366539099,4208170291&objurl=http%3A%2F%2Fhbimg.b0.upaiyun.com%2Fd8241f63c93bb0f35d6f8557cff86cb524a9b6f71178f5-3NGIpU_fw658&bdtype=0&simid=3446695705,94736452&pi=0&adpicid=0&timingneed=0&spn=0&is=0,0&fr=ala&ala=1&alatpl=adress&pos=1&oriquery=%E5%BD%AD%E4%BA%8E%E6%99%8F&hs=2&xthttps=111111)

总结：

xml转化josn报错的时候基本上都是xml的格式不正确或者是数据里有特殊字符，对了xml里的标签头不用转义，转义后反而会报错，原因在源码里。

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