Therebe句型的用法
作者: 阅读: 90 时间: 2010-10-13 15:21:02
一、构成：There be ...句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”，其结构为There be(is，are，was, were )+名词+地点状语。例如：
There are fifty-two students in our class.
There is a pencil in my pencil-case.
There was an old house by the river five years ago.
二、各种句式：
否定句：There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上“not”。也可用“no”来表示。即：no + n.(名词)= not a\an\any + n.(名词)。注意：no + n.(可数名词单数)= not a\an + n.(可数名词单数)；no + n.(可数名词复数)= not any + n.(可数名词复数)；no + n.(不可数名词)= not any + n.(不可数名词)。例如：
There is an orange in her bag.
→There isn’t an orange in her bag.
→There is no orange in her bag.
There are some oranges in her bag.
→There aren’t any oranges in her bag.
→There are no oranges in her bag.
There is some juice in the bottle. →There isn’t any juice in the bottle.
→There is no juice in the bottle.
一般疑问句：There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。例如：
There is some money in her handbag.
→ Is there any money in her handbag? (疑问句和否定句中，some改为any, something改为anything.)
There is something new in today’s newspaper.
→There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper.
→Is there anything new in today’s newspaper?
特殊疑问句：
There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式：
① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 “Who’s + 介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用 “What’s + 介词短语?”。其中there在口语中常常省略。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There is a bird in the tree. →What’s in the tree? There are some bikes over there. →What’s over there?
There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room?
② 对地点状语提问：用 “Where is \ are + 主语?”表示(注意其答语变化)：例如： There is a computer in my office.
→ Where is the computer? ----It’s in my office. There are four children in the classroom.
→Where are the four children?—They’ re in the classroom. ③ 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式： 如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？”表示：
There are twelve months in a year.
→How many months are there in a year?
There is only one book in my bag.
→ How many books are there in your bag?
There is a cat in the box.
→ How many cats are there in the box?
如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？”表示：
There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in
your purse?
反意疑问句：There be或There加其它动词，其反意疑问句一律用„there? 例如：
There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there?
There used to be no school here, used there \did there?
三、注意事项：
1. There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be动词用“is”“was”。例如：
There is a basketball in the box.
There is a little milk in the glass. 如果句子的主语是复数名词，be动词就用“are” “were”。例如： There are many birds in the tree.
There were many people in the street yesterday.
如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的 “就近原则”。例如：
There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.
There are some bananas and an orange in the basket. 2. There与be中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语 (如和将来时be going to\ will、现在完成时 have\has + pp. 、used to结构等连用，注意其构成形式,这一内容在我们日常练习中经常出现错误,是一难点,也是历年中考试题中的一个考点.)。例如：
There must be a pen in the box.
There happened to be some money in my pocket.
There is going to be a meeting tonight.
There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.
There used to be a church across from the bank.
3. There be句型和have\has的区别：
There be句型表示 “存在有”, have\has表示 “拥有” “所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如：
桌子上有三本书. There are three books on the desk.
我有三本书. I have three books.
4. There be + 主语 + doing +介词短语. 例如：
There is a truck collecting rubish outside.
There is a wallet lying on the ground.
四 、练习：Choose the best answers.
1. There isn’t _____water in the glass. Let’s go and get some.
A. many B. lots C. any D. some 2. There ___a lot of news about Zhang Ziyi on TV last night. A. was B. had C. is D. were 3. There ____ many changes in the village recently.
A. is B. are C. have been D. to be
4. ---There _______a lot of meat on the plate. Would you like some?
---Just a little, please.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
5. There _______ some books, a ballpen and a ruler on the desk.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
6. There _______ a ballpen, a ruler and some books on the desk.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
7. There is a boy _______at the door.
A. stand B. standing C. stood D. is standing
8. ---_______is in the house?
--- There is an old women in the house.
A. What B. Whose C. Who D.Which 9. There used to be a tower here, _____? A. usedn’t it B. used there C. didn’t it D. didn’t there 10. There ____a meeting tonight. A. is going be B. is going to have C. is going to D. is going to be Key 1-5 CACAB 6-10 ABCDD
Therebe句型的用法
作者: 阅读: 90 时间: 2010-10-13 15:21:02
一、构成：There be ...句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”，其结构为There be(is，are，was, were )+名词+地点状语。例如：
There are fifty-two students in our class.
There is a pencil in my pencil-case.
There was an old house by the river five years ago.
二、各种句式：
否定句：There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上“not”。也可用“no”来表示。即：no + n.(名词)= not a\an\any + n.(名词)。注意：no + n.(可数名词单数)= not a\an + n.(可数名词单数)；no + n.(可数名词复数)= not any + n.(可数名词复数)；no + n.(不可数名词)= not any + n.(不可数名词)。例如：
There is an orange in her bag.
→There isn’t an orange in her bag.
→There is no orange in her bag.
There are some oranges in her bag.
→There aren’t any oranges in her bag.
→There are no oranges in her bag.
There is some juice in the bottle. →There isn’t any juice in the bottle.
→There is no juice in the bottle.
一般疑问句：There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。例如：
There is some money in her handbag.
→ Is there any money in her handbag? (疑问句和否定句中，some改为any, something改为anything.)
There is something new in today’s newspaper.
→There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper.
→Is there anything new in today’s newspaper?
特殊疑问句：
There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式：
① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 “Who’s + 介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用 “What’s + 介词短语?”。其中there在口语中常常省略。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There is a bird in the tree. →What’s in the tree? There are some bikes over there. →What’s over there?
There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room?
② 对地点状语提问：用 “Where is \ are + 主语?”表示(注意其答语变化)：例如： There is a computer in my office.
→ Where is the computer? ----It’s in my office. There are four children in the classroom.
→Where are the four children?—They’ re in the classroom. ③ 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式： 如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？”表示：
There are twelve months in a year.
→How many months are there in a year?
There is only one book in my bag.
→ How many books are there in your bag?
There is a cat in the box.
→ How many cats are there in the box?
如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？”表示：
There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in
your purse?
反意疑问句：There be或There加其它动词，其反意疑问句一律用„there? 例如：
There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there?
There used to be no school here, used there \did there?
三、注意事项：
1. There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be动词用“is”“was”。例如：
There is a basketball in the box.
There is a little milk in the glass. 如果句子的主语是复数名词，be动词就用“are” “were”。例如： There are many birds in the tree.
There were many people in the street yesterday.
如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的 “就近原则”。例如：
There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.
There are some bananas and an orange in the basket. 2. There与be中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语 (如和将来时be going to\ will、现在完成时 have\has + pp. 、used to结构等连用，注意其构成形式,这一内容在我们日常练习中经常出现错误,是一难点,也是历年中考试题中的一个考点.)。例如：
There must be a pen in the box.
There happened to be some money in my pocket.
There is going to be a meeting tonight.
There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.
There used to be a church across from the bank.
3. There be句型和have\has的区别：
There be句型表示 “存在有”, have\has表示 “拥有” “所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如：
桌子上有三本书. There are three books on the desk.
我有三本书. I have three books.
4. There be + 主语 + doing +介词短语. 例如：
There is a truck collecting rubish outside.
There is a wallet lying on the ground.
四 、练习：Choose the best answers.
1. There isn’t _____water in the glass. Let’s go and get some.
A. many B. lots C. any D. some 2. There ___a lot of news about Zhang Ziyi on TV last night. A. was B. had C. is D. were 3. There ____ many changes in the village recently.
A. is B. are C. have been D. to be
4. ---There _______a lot of meat on the plate. Would you like some?
---Just a little, please.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
5. There _______ some books, a ballpen and a ruler on the desk.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
6. There _______ a ballpen, a ruler and some books on the desk.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
7. There is a boy _______at the door.
A. stand B. standing C. stood D. is standing
8. ---_______is in the house?
--- There is an old women in the house.
A. What B. Whose C. Who D.Which 9. There used to be a tower here, _____? A. usedn’t it B. used there C. didn’t it D. didn’t there 10. There ____a meeting tonight. A. is going be B. is going to have C. is going to D. is going to be Key 1-5 CACAB 6-10 ABCDD
therebe与havehas用法区别
there be与have/has用法区别
there be与have/has用法区别
1．there be结构主要表示“某地(某时)有……”表there be与have/has用法区别
1．there be结构主要表示“某地(某时)有……”表示事物的存在，它不能表示“所有；拥有”，即“某人(物)有……”。There be中的动词be(is, are)是“存在”的意思。there在这种句型中是引导词，没有实际词义。由there引导的这种结构，主语应放在动词be(is,are)之后，与其在数方面保持一致。其结构如下： “there be+名词(主语)＋地点状语或时间状语。”例如： (1)There are many students in the classroom. 教室里有许多学生。(2)There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张画。
(3)There are seven days in a week. 一周有七天。 (4) There is a box of apples on the table.
在there be 结构中一定要注意谓语就近的原则。 (5)There is a pen and two books on the desk. (6)There are two books and a pen on the desk. 2．动词have/has表示“有”时，它通常有三个含义：
A．表示“某人(在物质上的)所有。”这种情况下不能用there be替换。如： I have a new watch. 我有一块新表。
He has a good friend. 他有一个好朋友。
B．表示“某人或动物(在身体上的)长有”。这种情况也不能用there be替换。
如： She has blue eyes. 她的眼睛是蓝色的。
A horse has two ears. 马有两只耳朵。
C.表示“某物体(在结构上的)装有”。这种情况可以用there be替换。如：
A clock has a round face.= There is a round face on a clock. 钟上装有一个圆型的钟盘。
That room has only two windows.= There are two windows in that room.
那个房间仅装有两扇窗户。
The school has 14 classes. = There are 14 classes in the school.那个学校有14个班级。
D．另外，表示“某人手中有某物”时，也用have/has.例如：
Mary has a glass of water in her hand. 玛丽手中端着一玻璃杯示事物的存在，它不能表示“所有；拥有”，即“某人(物)有……”。There be中的动词be(is, are)是“存在”的意思。there在这种句型中是引导词，没有实际词义。由there引导的这种结构，主语应放在动词be(is,are)之后，与其在数方面保持一致。其结构如下：
“there be+名词(主语)＋地点状语或时间状语。”例如：(1)There are many students in the classroom. 教室里有许多学生。
(2)There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张画。
(3)There are seven days in a week. 一周有七天。 (4) There is a box of apples on the table.
在there be 结构中一定要注意谓语就近的原则。 (5)There is a pen and two books on the desk. (6)There are two books and a pen on the desk. 2．动词have/has表示“有”时，它通常有三个含义：
A．表示“某人(在物质上的)所有。”这种情况下不能用there be替换。如： I have a new watch. 我有一块新表。
He has a good friend. 他有一个好朋友。
B．表示“某人或动物(在身体上的)长有”。这种情况也不能用there be替换。如： She has blue eyes. 她的眼睛是蓝色的。
A horse has two ears. 马有两只耳朵。
C.表示“某物体(在结构上的)装有”。这种情况可以用there be替换。如： A clock has a round face.= There is a round face on a clock. 钟上装有一个圆型的钟盘。
That room has only two windows.= There are two windows in that room. 那个房间仅装有两扇窗户。
The school has 14 classes. = There are 14 classes in the school.那个学校有14个班级。
D．另外，表示“某人手中有某物”时，也用have/has.例如：
Mary has a glass of water in her hand. 玛丽手中端着一玻璃杯
There be句型的用法以及练习题
There be句型是英语中常见的特殊句型，用以表示某物某事存在或不存在。句中的there只起引导作用，并无实际意义，句子的真正主语是谓语动词be后面的名词。There be句型有多种表现形式，可以用来表达多种复杂的含义。 1．There be与情态动词连用
There be句型中的谓语动词be可与各种情态动词连用，表示"一定有"、"可能有"、"应该有"等含义。例如：
He felt that there must be something wrong．他感到一定是出了错儿。 There might be drinks if you wait a bit．如果你等一会儿，可能会有酒。
There can’t have been much traffic so late at night．这么晚了，街上的车辆不会太多。
There oughtn’t to be too great discrepancy in our views．我们的看法不应该有太大的分歧。
2．There be与含有情态意义的动词或短语连用
英语中有些动词或短语具有一定的情态含义，我们称之为半助动词。There be句型中的谓语动词be可与这些半助动词连用，表达更为复杂的意念。能用于There be句型中的这类词语主要有：happen to(碰巧)，appear ／seem to(似乎)，be going to(将会)，used to(曾经)，have to(必须)，be likely to(很可能)，bebound to(必定)等。例如：
There happened to be an old friend of mine in the club．在那个俱乐部碰巧有我的一个老朋友。
There appear to be several reasons for changing our plans．看来改变我们的计划有几个理由。
There used to be a cinema here before the war．战前这里曾有一个电影院。 Is there going to be a dancing party tonight？今晚有舞会吗？ There are bound to be obstacles for us to get over．一定会有障碍需要我们去克服。
3．There be的非限定形式及用法
There be结构也可以以不定式(there to be)、动名词(there being)和现在分词(there being)的形式出现在句子中，作主语、宾语或状语。这种非限定形式中的there在形式上起着逻辑主语的作用，因此，不定式there to be前有时需加介词for，从形式上满足引出不定式逻辑主语的需要，而分词there being则具有独立主格结构的意味。例如：
I don’t want there to be any more trouble．我不希望再有麻烦了。(不定式作宾语)
I expect there to be no argument about this．我希望对此没有什么争论。(不定式作宾语)
It was unusual for there to be so few people in the street．大街上人这么少，这不大正常。(不定式作主语)
What’s the chance of there being an election this year？今年举行大选的可能性有多大？(动名词作介词宾语)
There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage．离屋子这么近有一个汽车站，这太便利了。(动名词作主语) There being nothing else to do，we went home．没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。(分词作状语)
4．由there be构成的固定句型
由there be构成的一些固定句型在英语中很活跃，需很好地掌握。常见的有： There is no point in ＋v-ing：没道理，没用，没必要 There is no use(in)＋v-ing：毫无用处 There is no sense in ＋v-ing：毫无道理 There is no need to ＋v：没有必要 There is no ＋v-ing：不可能，无法。
例如：
There is no use in hiding that fact from him ．对他隐瞒那个事实没什么用。
There is no point in arguing further．再争下去也没用。 Is there any point in going on？有必要再继续下去吗？
There was no need for him to remain in Shanghai．他没有必要再留在上海。 There was no sense in making a child suffer like that．让一个孩子受那样的苦是毫无道理的。
There was no mistaking his intentions this time．这回不可能看错他的意图。
Once let this fellow start talking，there was no stopping him．一旦让这个家伙谈起来，就无法让他停下来了。
5．there与其它动词连用
除动词be外，其它一些动词也可以与there连用。这些动词有两类：一类是表示存在概念的状态动词，如：exist，remain，live，lie，stand等；一类是表示某事发生或某人到达等概念的不及物动词，如：come，enter，arise，occur，follow，appear等。例如： There lies a river behind the house．屋后有一条河。 Then there came a knock at the door．然后听到敲门声。
At a later stage there arose new problem swhich seemed insoluble．在后期出现了似乎无法解决的新问题。
There followed an uncomfortable silence．接着是一阵令人难受的沉默。 Exercise：
1．There ________ a bed and a big wardrobe with a mirror． A．are B．were C．was D．be 2．No one would have dreamed of such a good place． A．there is B．there to be C．there beingD．there was 3．I should prefer ________ no discussion of my private affairs． A．there to beB．there being C．there isD．there are 4．It was too late ________ any buses． A．for there to be B．there to be C．there beingD．for there being 5．There ________ a war between his heart and his head． A．being B．appeared to be C．to be D．were 6． ________in his im agination visions of a world empire． A．Rising B．Rose C．Rise D．There rose 7．If the police hadn’t reacted quickly，______ a bad accident． A．there were B．there will be C．there could have been D．there had to be 8．Uncle Jesse，why ________ poor people like those？ A．are there have to be B．do there have to be C．have there to be D．there have to be 9． ______ more difficulties than you thought． A．It is likelyB．It is likely to be C．There is likely D．There are likely to be 10． ________just twenty-eight pounds．
A．There rem ained B．It rem ained C．There were rem ained D．That rem ained 11．You wouldn’t want ________ another war． A．there beB．there to be C．to be D．there being 12．There ________ nobody in the room ． A．were just B．happened being C．were happened D．happened to be 13．There is no point ________ about it again． A．in talkingB．talking C．to talkD．talk 14．There is no need ________ ．We’ve got plenty of time． A．hurryingB．in hurrying C．to hurryD．hurry 15． ________no further business，the Chairman closed the meeting．A．There wasB．There to beC．There being D．Being Key：(1．C 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．C)
1．There _____ a clock on the table. a. is b. are 2.______ there a radio on your desk? a. are b. is 3. ____ there a map on the wall? Yes, there ______. a. are / is b. is / are c. is / is d. are /are 4. There _____ some students in the classroom. a. are b. is 5. There _____ a pencil, a book and two pens on the table. a. is b. are 6. There _____ two apples, one orange and one banana on the table. a. is b. are There be句型的小结与练习 河北阜城中学(053700) 郑红杰
There be表示 “存在有”,即当我们告诉某人某事存在(或不存在)常用这种结构。其中there是引导词,本身无词义;be为谓语动词,后面跟的是名词,也就是主语,也就是说there be结构的运用也就是倒桩的具体运用。其真正的主语在there be 之后。在新课标中对此的考试要求是：掌握There be句式的结构特征和基本用法。在我们的课本中也出现了大量的There be句式如：
There are a few simple safe measures to follow while training.(Book3,P51) There are also records of gymnastics being performed in China and some other Asian countries.(Book3, P50) In China, there is only 7% of the land used for growing crops, which feeds more than one fourth of the world population.(Book3, P20) If the population keeps growing so quickly, there will be only standing room left for us next century.(Book2A, P49) There were lots of good English language programs broadcast on TV or on the radio in China.(Book1A, P46) There be结构是如此重要，我们高中生必须对此从以下方面进行了解。
一、 注意事项：
1 there be 结构中的be 是可以运用各种时态的。 There is going to be a meeting tonight.今晚有个会议。
There was a knock at the door.有人敲门。
There has been a girl waiting for you.有个女孩一直在等你。 There will be rain soon.不久天就要下雨了。
2动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后的真正的主语一致。并且要根据就近一致原则来变换be 的单复数形式。 如：
There is a book on the desk.课桌上有一本书。
How many people are there in the city?这个城市里有多少人口。 There is a pen and two books on the desk.课桌上有一个钢笔和两本书。 There are two books and a pen on the desk. 课桌上有两本书和一个钢笔。
There are some students and a teacher in the classroom. 在教室里有一些学生和一位老师。 There is a teacher and some students in the classroom. 在教室里有一位老师和一些学生。 3 在there be引起的句子结构中，用来修饰主语的不定式主动形式和被动形式均可。
There is no time to lose (= to be lost).时间紧迫。
There is nothing to see (=to be seen).看不见有什么。 There is nothing to do.(=to be done) 无事可做。
二、 结构变形：
在there be 结构中还可把be 改变从而使得there be结构有了一些改变具体总结如下： 1 There used/seem/ happen/appear to be 如： There might be snow at night.晚上可能有雪。
There appeared to be nobody willing to help.看来没人愿意帮忙。 There used to be a building here.过去这儿有一座楼房。 There happened to be a man walking by.碰巧有个人在此经过。 There doesn't seem to be much hope.好象没有太大的希望。 2 在there be的 be 前还可以加上各种情态词，如： There must be something wrong.一定有问题。
There ought not to be so many people.不应该有这么多的人。 There might still be hope .可能还有点希望。
3 在there be句型中的be还可以换成其他的动词与there连用，这些词都是表示状态的如：live stand exist remain等或用来描写某事的发生或某人的到达如come, appear, enter, follow, occur等。
There lived a rich man.这以前住着一个富翁。 Then there came a knock at the door.然后有人敲门。
Long, long ago, there lived a king.很久很久以前，有一个国王。 There followed a terrible noise.然后是传来了可怕的声音。 Suddenly there entered a strange man.突然进来了一个奇怪的人。
三、 特殊的表达方式： １There is no sense in doing 做某事是没有用的，没有意义的
There is no sense in making him angry.跟他生气是没有用的。 There in no sense in going alone. 一个人去是没有好处的。
4 There is no use /good doing 做某事是没有用的，没有必要的 There is no use trying to explain it.解释是没有必要的。 There is no good/use going there. 去那儿是没有好处的。
5 There is no need to do 没有必要做某事 There is no need to worry. 没有必要担心。
There is no need to give him so much money. 根本没有必要给他那么多的钱。
6 There is thought/said/reported to be 人们认为有/据说有/据报道有 There is thought to be an army between in these two countries。 人们认为在这两国之间有一场战争。
There is reported to be a better way to cure cancer. 据报道，找到了一种更好的治疗癌症的方法。
7 There is no doing(口语)不可能……. There is no telling when he will be back.无法知道他什么时候回来。 There is no knowing what he is doing. 无法知道他在做什么。
四、 there be句式的非限定形式。
There be 的非限定形式有两种，即there to be 和there being。需要掌握以下几个情况： 1作主语
当作主语时，一般是There being结构，当句式中有for时，一般用there to be如：
There being a shop here is a great advantage. 这儿有个商店，真是方便极了。
There being a house with a garden is of great value. 拥有花园的房子是很有价值的。
It is impossible for there to be any more. 不可能再有了。
2 作宾语
作动词宾语时，一般用there to be 结构。常见动词有：expect, mean, intend want, prefer等：
We expect there to be no argument.我们希望不会出现争吵。 People don't want there to be anther war.人们不希望再有战争。
作介词的宾语一般用There being句式，但当是for时一般用there to be句式。
This depended on there being a sudden change. 这需要有一个突然的改变。
The teacher was waiting for there to be complete silence.老师在等着大家都安静下来。 3 作状语
用作状语的there be的形式通常用therebeing结构。 There being no buses, we had to walk home. 由于没有公共汽车，我们不得不走着回家。
There being no nobody in the room, we realized that there was no use crying. 屋里没人，我们意识到哭喊是没有用的。
There being nothing else to do, we went home happily. 由于没事可做，我们快乐地回家了。
注意：如果句中出现for时应用there to be。
It was too late for there to be any buses. 太晚了，没有公共汽车了。
练习：
1 ______ a reading lamp on the table. A There is B There has C It is D It has 2 What a rainy summer we’ve had!
Yes, there______ only 3 sunny weekends the whole summer. A have been B are C had been D has been 3 I didn't want _____ to be a war between these two countries. A it B them C there D their 4 There is reported ______a number of the wounded on both sides. A to be B being C was D will be 5 ______ no coffee left, they had to make do with tea. A It being B There being C It was D There was 6 There is a little hope of ______ a settlement of the argument. A to be B there to be C there being D being 7 I don't expect there ______ any misunderstanding. A is B to be C being D will be 8 There are five pairs______ , but I’m at a loss which to buy. A to choose B to choose from C to be chosen D for my choosing 9 There is no use______ a lot without ______ anything. A to talk, do B talked, doing C talking, being done D talking, doing 10 If the storm had happened in the day-time, there ______ many more deaths. A were B would have been C had been D would be 11 Look! ______. A There comes the bus B There the bus comes C The bus comes here D There does the bus come 12 ______ Mary with a baby in here arms just when I was about to leave. A There enter B There entered C Entered there D There entered into 13 There are a lot of people ______ for the bus to come. A waiting B to wait C waited D is waiting 14 The little girl is afraid to enter the house, because ______ a big dog at the gate. A lies there B lays there C there lies D there lays 15 About twenty-three centuries ago, ______. A there lived in Greece a great thinker who called Aristotle B a great thinker lived in Greece calling Aristotle C lived there in Greece a great thinker called Aristotle D there lived in Greece a great thinker named Aristotle 16 ______ plenty of water in this river. A There used to being B There used to be C There is used to being D There was used to be 17 What a pity, my new computer doesn't work. ______ must be something wrong with it. A It B There C This D That 18______ no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled. A It has B There has C It is D There is 19 Let’s get through the work quickly. ______ seems to be little time left now. A It B That C There D we 20 ______appeared to be a war between his heart and his mind. A There B It C Where D What 答案： 1A 2A 3C 4A 5B 6C 7B 8B 9D 10B 11A 12B 13A 14C 15D 16B 17B 18D 19C 20A
倒装句
一般来说，倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装，有的倒装是因为语法需要而出现的，有的倒装则是因为结构平衡的需要而出现的。
一、完全倒装(主谓倒装)是指把谓语全部提到主语的前面。 例：In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor. 1.以here, there，now, then引导的句子，要完全倒装。这种句子中的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。 如：Here comes the train! / There goes the bell! 注意：若代词作主语，只把该副词提前主谓语序不变。Here he comes . / Here it is .
2句首是拟声词或 out , in , up ,away , down 等副词，句子要完全倒装。(注意，这时句子的主语也必须是名词。如果是人称代词，也不能使用倒装结构。) 如：Up went the rocket. /Up it went.
3. 介词短语作状语在句首，句子要完全倒装。注意，这时句子的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。 如：In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.
4.表语置于句首，且主语较长或结构较复杂的句子要用全部倒装。如：Gone are the days when we ha nothing to eat.
5.so/ neither/ nor 表前面所说的情况也适合于后者，其倒装结构为“so/ neither/ nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词”，这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如：She has finished her homework, so has her brother. She hasn’t gone there, neither/ nor has he.
二、部分倒装(助动词倒装)是指把谓语的一部分(助动词)提到主语的前面。 例： Never in my life have I seen such a thing.
1.用于疑问句中。如：How did you do that? Did you see the film yesterday?
2. if 从句中如有 were ( had , should ) , if 省去后，要部分倒装,把were，had，should提到主语前面
如： If you had come yesterday, you would have seen him. ---Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him
3.as 引导的让步状语从句，要部分倒装(表语、状语倒装)。有以下几种形式： (1) 副词置于句首
Much as I like it (=Although I like it very much), I will not buy it. (2) 动词置于句首
Wait as you may (= Although you may wait), he will not see you. (3) .形容词或名词置于句首
Proud as the nobles are (=Although the nobles are proud), they are afraid to see me. Child as he is (=Although he is a child), he can tell right from wrong. 注意：如果名词前有形容词修饰时，as引导的倒装句中要保留不定冠词。如： A bad-tempered man as he is (=Although he is a bad-tempered man), he loves me deeply.
4.句首为否定词或否定意义的词语时，句子要部分倒装
( not , not only , never , little , seldom , not until, hardly ( scarcely ) , no sooner, not once, at no time,... )
Little do we know about him. No sooner had he closed his eyes than he fell asleep. Seldom does he come back on Sundays. Not until he came back did I know about it. 5.only 在句首引导状语，或not until 引导的状语在句首，主句要部分倒装。如： Only then did I realize the important of English. / Only when a child grows up does he understand his parents’ intentions. 但若only 修饰的是句子的其它成分，则无须倒装
Only socialism can save China. (only修饰句子的主语，仍用正常语序)
6.not only ... but also ... 引导两个并列句，前倒后不倒。如：
Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lesso--ns.
7.在以often, well, many a time, now and again等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中，要用部分倒装结构
Many a time has John given me good advice. / Often have we made that test.
8. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。May you succeed!
9. so或so引导的短语放在句首,要部分倒装。
So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. so„that结构中的倒装。有时要强调so 所修饰的形容词或副词，常将so连同它所修饰的形容词或副词一起提到句首。这时，主句要用倒装结构。如： He
runs so fast that he is far ahead of others. ---So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others. He is so clever that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book. So clever is he that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.(全部倒装)
10.状语位于句首表示强调或使句子平衡，或使上下文紧密衔接，句子要部分倒装。
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