c++ 可变参数_C++核心准则ES.34:不要定义C风格的可变参数函数

ES.34: Don't define a (C-style) variadic function

ES.34:不要定义C风格的可变参数函数

Reason(原因)

Not type safe. Requires messy cast-and-macro-laden code to get working right.

这种方式不是类型安全的。需要繁杂的类型转换和宏装载代码来保证正确动作。

Example(示例)

#include // "severity" followed by a zero-terminated list of char*s; write the C-style strings to cerrvoid error(int severity ...){    va_list ap;             // a magic type for holding arguments    va_start(ap, severity); // arg startup: "severity" is the first argument of error()    for (;;) {        // treat the next var as a char*; no checking: a cast in disguise        char* p = va_arg(ap, char*);        if (!p) break;        cerr << p << ' ';    }    va_end(ap);             // arg cleanup (don't forget this)    cerr << '';    if (severity) exit(severity);}void use(){    error(7, "this", "is", "an", "error", nullptr);    error(7); // crash    error(7, "this", "is", "an", "error");  // crash    const char* is = "is";    string an = "an";    error(7, "this", "is", an, "error"); // crash}

Alternative: Overloading. Templates. Variadic templates.

可选项：重载，模板，可变参数模板。

#include void error(int severity){    std::cerr << '';    std::exit(severity);}template constexpr void error(int severity, T head, Ts... tail){    std::cerr << head;    error(severity, tail...);}void use(){    error(7); // No crash!    error(5, "this", "is", "not", "an", "error"); // No crash!    std::string an = "an";    error(7, "this", "is", "not", an, "error"); // No crash!    error(5, "oh", "no", nullptr); // Compile error! No need for nullptr.}

Note(注意)

This is basically the way printf is implemented.

这是实现printf的基本方法。

Enforcement(实施建议)

• Flag definitions of C-style variadic functions.
• 标记定义了C风格可变参数函数的情况。
• Flag #include and #include
• 标记代码中包含#include 和 #include 的情况。

原文链接

https://github.com/isocpp/CppCoreGuidelines/blob/master/CppCoreGuidelines.md#-es34-dont-define-a-c-style-variadic-function

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