matlab anova1 group,One-way analysis of variance

Input the sample data.

strength = [82 86 79 83 84 85 86 87 74 82 ...

78 75 76 77 79 79 77 78 82 79];

alloy = {'st','st','st','st','st','st','st','st',...

'al1','al1','al1','al1','al1','al1',...

'al2','al2','al2','al2','al2','al2'};

The data are from a study of the strength of structural beams in Hogg (1987). The vector strength measures deflections of beams in thousandths of an inch under 3000 pounds of force. The vector alloy identifies each beam as steel (st), alloy 1 (al1), or alloy 2 (al2). Although alloy is sorted in this example, grouping variables do not need to be sorted.

Perform one-way ANOVA using anova1. Return the structure stats, which contains the statistics multcompare needs for performing Multiple Comparisons.

[~,~,stats] = anova1(strength,alloy);

The small p-value of 0.0002 suggests that the strength of the beams is not the same.

Perform a multiple comparison of the mean strength of the beams.

[c,~,~,gnames] = multcompare(stats);

Display the comparison results with the corresponding group names.

[gnames(c(:,1)), gnames(c(:,2)), num2cell(c(:,3:6))]

ans=3×6 cell array

Columns 1 through 5

{'st' } {'al1'} {[ 3.6064]} {[ 7]} {[10.3936]}

{'st' } {'al2'} {[ 1.6064]} {[ 5]} {[ 8.3936]}

{'al1'} {'al2'} {[-5.6280]} {[-2]} {[ 1.6280]}

Column 6

{[1.6831e-04]}

{[ 0.0040]}

{[ 0.3560]}

The first two columns show the pair of groups that are compared. The fourth column shows the difference between the estimated group means. The third and fifth columns show the lower and upper limits for the 95% confidence intervals of the true difference of means. The sixth column shows the p-value for a hypothesis that the true difference of means for the corresponding groups is equal to zero.

The first two rows show that both comparisons involving the first group (steel) have confidence intervals that do not include zero. Because the corresponding p-values (1.6831e-04 and 0.0040, respectively) are small, those differences are significant.

The third row shows that the differences in strength between the two alloys is not significant. A 95% confidence interval for the difference is [-5.6,1.6], so you cannot reject the hypothesis that the true difference is zero. The corresponding p-value of 0.3560 in the sixth column confirms this result.

In the figure, the blue bar represents the comparison interval for mean material strength for steel. The red bars represent the comparison intervals for the mean material strength for alloy 1 and alloy 2. Neither of the red bars overlap with the blue bar, which indicates that the mean material strength for steel is significantly different from that of alloy 1 and alloy 2. To confirm the significant difference by clicking the bars that represent alloy 1 and 2.