localcache php,PHP - Manual: Cache integration (官方文档)

Cache integration

Note:

版本需求

功能需要 PECL/mysqlnd_ms 1.3.0-beta 以上版本，和 PECL/mysqlnd_qc 1.1.0-alpha

以上版本。PECL/mysqlnd_ms 必须编译的时候支持这个功能，需要 PHP 5.4.0 以上版本。

Note:

Setup: extension load order

PECL/mysqlnd_ms 必须在 PECL/mysqlnd_qc 前面装载。

Note:

功能稳定性

继承的缓存提供 beta 品质。

Note:

适用的 MySQL 集群

这个功能主要为 MySQL 主从同步提供支持，目前不支持其他的 MySQL 集群方式。如果用它

替代客户端查询缓存，用户必须手动控制 PECL/mysqlnd_qc。

Support for MySQL replication clusters (asynchronous primary copy) is the

main focus of PECL/mysqlnd_ms. The slaves of a MySQL replication cluster

may or may not reflect the latest updates from the master.

Slaves are asynchronous and can lag behind the master. A read from a slave

is eventual consistent from a cluster-wide perspective.

The same level of consistency is offered by a local cache using time-to-live (TTL)

invalidation strategy. Current data or stale data may be served. Eventually, data

searched for in the cache is not available and the source of the cache needs to

be accessed.

Given that both a MySQL Replication slave (asynchronous secondary) and a local

TTL-driven cache deliver the same level of service it is possible to transparently

replace a remote database access with a local cache access to gain better possibility.

As of PECL/mysqlnd_ms 1.3.0-beta the plugin is capable of transparently controlling

PECL/mysqlnd_ms 1.1.0-alpha or newer to cache a read-only query if explicitly

allowed by setting an appropriate quality of service through

quickstart for a code example.

Both plugins must be installed, PECL/mysqlnd_ms must be compiled to support the

cache feature and PHP 5.4.0 or newer has to be used.

Applications have full control of cache usage and can request fresh data

at any time, if need be. Thec ache usage can be enabled and disabled

time during the execution of a script. The cache will be used

if

If caching is enabled for a read-only statement, PECL/mysqlnd_ms may inject

SQL hints to control caching

by PECL/mysqlnd_qc. It may modify the SQL statement it got from the application.

Subsequent SQL processors are supposed to ignore the SQL hints. A SQL hint is a

SQL comment. Comments must not be ignored, for example, by the database server.

The TTL of a cache entry is computed on a per statement basis. Applications

set an maximum age for the data they want to retrieve using

The following logic is used to compute the actual TTL if caching is enabled.

The logic takes the estimated slave lag into account for choosing a TTL. If,

for example, there are two slaves lagging 5 and 10 seconds behind and the maximum

age allowed is 60 seconds, the TTL is set to 50 seconds. Please note, the

age setting is no more than an estimated guess.Check whether the statement is read-only. If not, don't cache.

If caching is enabled, check the slave lag of all configured slaves.

Establish slave connections if none exist so far and lazy connections are

used.

Send SHOW SLAVE STATUS to all slaves. Do not wait

for the first slave to reply before sending to the second slave. Clients

often wait long for replies, thus we send out all requests in a burst before

fetching in a second stage.

Loop over all slaves. For every slave wait for its reply. Do not start

checking another slave before the currently waited for slave has replied.

Check for Slave_IO_Running=Yes and Slave_SQL_Running=Yes.

If both conditions hold true, fetch the value of Seconds_Behind_Master.

In case of any errors or if conditions fail, set an error on the slave connection.

Skip any such slave connection for the rest of connection filtering.

Search for the maximum value of Seconds_Behind_Master from

all slaves that passed the previous conditions. Subtract the value from

the maximum age provided by the user with

The filtering may sort out all slaves. If so, the maximum age is used as

TTL, because the maximum lag found equals zero. It is perfectly valid to

sort out all slaves. In the following it is up to subsequent filter

to decide what to do. The built-in load balancing filter will pick the

master.

Inject the appropriate SQL hints to enable caching by PECL/mysqlnd_qc.

Proceed with the connection filtering, e.g. apply load balancing rules to

pick a slave.

PECL/mysqlnd_qc is loaded after PECL/mysqlnd_ms by PHP. Thus, it will see

all query modifications of PECL/mysqlnd_ms and cache the query if instructed

to do so.

The algorithm may seem expensive. SHOW SLAVE STATUS is a very

fast operation. Given a sufficient number of requests and cache hits per second the cost of

checking the slaves lag can easily outweight the costs of the cache decision.

Suggestions on a better algorithm are always welcome.