转：
2017年12月27日 09:47:29 zflovecf 阅读数：35152
1.DOM方式解析XML
Dom解析是将xml文件全部载入到内存，组装成一颗dom树，然后通过节点以及节点之间的关系来解析xml文件,与平台无关,java提供的一种基础的解析XML文件的API,理解较简单，但是由于整个文档都需要载入内存,不适用于文档较大时。
2.SAX方式解析XML
基于事件驱动,逐条解析,适用于只处理xml数据，不易编码,而且很难同时访问同一个文档中的多处不同数据
3.JDOM方式解析XML
简化与XML的交互并且比使用DOM实现更快,仅使用具体类而不使用接口因此简化了API,并且易于使用
4.DOM4j方式解析XML
JDOM的一种智能分支,功能较强大，建议熟练使用
下面给出例子：
books.xml
冰与火之歌
乔治马丁
2014
89
安徒生童话
安徒生
2004
77
think think think
aaa
1997
100
冰与火之歌
乔治马丁
2014
89
安徒生童话
安徒生
2004
77
think think think
aaa
1997
100
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bean类：Book.java
public class Book {
/**
* @author lune
*/
private int id;
private String name;
private String author;
private int year;
private double price;
/**
* @return the id
*/
public int getId() {
return id;
}
/**
* @param id the id to set
*/
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
/**
* @return the name
*/
public String getName() {
return name;
}
/**
* @param name the name to set
*/
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
/**
* @return the author
*/
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
/**
* @param author the author to set
*/
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
/**
* @return the year
*/
public int getYear() {
return year;
}
/**
* @param year the year to set
*/
public void setYear(int year) {
this.year = year;
}
/**
* @return the price
*/
public double getPrice() {
return price;
}
/**
* @param price the price to set
*/
public void setPrice(double price) {
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return “Book [id=” + id + “, name=” + name + “, author=” + author + “, year=” + year + “, price=” + price + “]”;
}
}
public class Book {
/**
* @author lune
*/
private int id;
private String name;
private String author;
private int year;
private double price;
/**
* @return the id
*/
public int getId() {
return id;
}
/**
* @param id the id to set
*/
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
/**
* @return the name
*/
public String getName() {
return name;
}
/**
* @param name the name to set
*/
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
/**
* @return the author
*/
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
/**
* @param author the author to set
*/
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
/**
* @return the year
*/
public int getYear() {
return year;
}
/**
* @param year the year to set
*/
public void setYear(int year) {
this.year = year;
}
/**
* @return the price
*/
public double getPrice() {
return price;
}
/**
* @param price the price to set
*/
public void setPrice(double price) {
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", author=" + author + ", year=" + year + ", price=" + price + "]";
}
}
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1.DOM方式解析XML
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import com.lune.bean.Book;
/**
* 用DOM方式读取xml文件
* @author lune
*/
public class ReadxmlByDom {
private static DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory = null;
private static DocumentBuilder db = null;
private static Document document = null;
private static List books = null;
static{
try {
dbFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
db = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static List getBooks(String fileName) throws Exception{
//将给定 URI 的内容解析为一个 XML 文档,并返回Document对象
document = db.parse(fileName);
//按文档顺序返回包含在文档中且具有给定标记名称的所有 Element 的 NodeList
NodeList bookList = document.getElementsByTagName(”book”);
books = new ArrayList();
//遍历books
for(int i=0;i
Book book = new Book();
//获取第i个book结点
org.w3c.dom.Node node = bookList.item(i);
//获取第i个book的所有属性
NamedNodeMap namedNodeMap = node.getAttributes();
//获取已知名为id的属性值
String id = namedNodeMap.getNamedItem(”id”).getTextContent();//System.out.println(id);
book.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
//获取book结点的子节点,包含了Test类型的换行
NodeList cList = node.getChildNodes();//System.out.println(cList.getLength());9
//将一个book里面的属性加入数组
ArrayList contents = new ArrayList<>();
for(int j=1;j
org.w3c.dom.Node cNode = cList.item(j);
String content = cNode.getFirstChild().getTextContent();
contents.add(content);
//System.out.println(contents);
}
book.setName(contents.get(0));
book.setAuthor(contents.get(1));
book.setYear(Integer.parseInt(contents.get(2)));
book.setPrice(Double.parseDouble(contents.get(3)));
books.add(book);
}
return books;
}
public static void main(String args[]){
String fileName = ”src/res/books.xml”;
try {
List list = ReadxmlByDom.getBooks(fileName);
for(Book book :list){
System.out.println(book);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import com.lune.bean.Book;
/**
* 用DOM方式读取xml文件
* @author lune
*/
public class ReadxmlByDom {
private static DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory = null;
private static DocumentBuilder db = null;
private static Document document = null;
private static List books = null;
static{
try {
dbFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
db = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static List getBooks(String fileName) throws Exception{
//将给定 URI 的内容解析为一个 XML 文档,并返回Document对象
document = db.parse(fileName);
//按文档顺序返回包含在文档中且具有给定标记名称的所有 Element 的 NodeList
NodeList bookList = document.getElementsByTagName("book");
books = new ArrayList();
//遍历books
for(int i=0;i
Book book = new Book();
//获取第i个book结点
org.w3c.dom.Node node = bookList.item(i);
//获取第i个book的所有属性
NamedNodeMap namedNodeMap = node.getAttributes();
//获取已知名为id的属性值
String id = namedNodeMap.getNamedItem("id").getTextContent();//System.out.println(id);
book.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
//获取book结点的子节点,包含了Test类型的换行
NodeList cList = node.getChildNodes();//System.out.println(cList.getLength());9
//将一个book里面的属性加入数组
ArrayList contents = new ArrayList<>();
for(int j=1;j
org.w3c.dom.Node cNode = cList.item(j);
String content = cNode.getFirstChild().getTextContent();
contents.add(content);
//System.out.println(contents);
}
book.setName(contents.get(0));
book.setAuthor(contents.get(1));
book.setYear(Integer.parseInt(contents.get(2)));
book.setPrice(Double.parseDouble(contents.get(3)));
books.add(book);
}
return books;
}
public static void main(String args[]){
String fileName = "src/res/books.xml";
try {
List list = ReadxmlByDom.getBooks(fileName);
for(Book book :list){
System.out.println(book);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
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2.SAX方式解析XML
需要自定义DefaultHandler处理器
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import com.lune.bean.Book;
/**
* 用SAX解析xml文件时需要的handler
* @author lune
*/
public class SAXParseHandler extends DefaultHandler {
private List list; //存放解析到的book数组
private Book book; //存放当前解析的book
private String content = null; //存放当前节点值
/**
* 开始解析xml文档时调用此方法
*/
@Override
public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
super.startDocument();
System.out.println(”开始解析xml文件”);
list = new ArrayList();
}
/**
* 文档解析完成后调用此方法
*/
@Override
public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
super.endDocument();
System.out.println(”xml文件解析完毕”);
}
/**
* 开始解析节点时调用此方法
*/
@Override
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes);
//当节点名为book时,获取book的属性id
if(qName.equals(“book”)){
book = new Book();
String id = attributes.getValue(”id”);//System.out.println(“id值为”+id);
book.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
}
}
/**
*节点解析完毕时调用此方法
*
*@param qName 节点名
*/
@Override
public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException {
super.endElement(uri, localName, qName);
if(qName.equals(“name”)){
book.setName(content);
//System.out.println(“书名”+content);
}else if(qName.equals(“author”)){
book.setAuthor(content);
// System.out.println(“作者”+content);
}else if(qName.equals(“year”)){
book.setYear(Integer.parseInt(content));
// System.out.println(“年份”+content);
}else if(qName.equals(“price”)){
book.setPrice(Double.parseDouble(content));
// System.out.println(“价格”+content);
}else if(qName.equals(“book”)){ //当结束当前book解析时,将该book添加到数组后置为空，方便下一次book赋值
list.add(book);
book = null;
}
}
/**
* 此方法用来获取节点的值
*/
@Override
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException {
super.characters(ch, start, length);
content = new String(ch, start, length);
//收集不为空白的节点值
// if(!content.trim().equals(“”)){
// System.out.println(“节点值为：”+content);
// }
}
public List getBooks(){
return list;
}
}
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import com.lune.bean.Book;
/**
* 用SAX解析xml文件时需要的handler
* @author lune
*/
public class SAXParseHandler extends DefaultHandler {
private List list; //存放解析到的book数组
private Book book; //存放当前解析的book
private String content = null; //存放当前节点值
/**
* 开始解析xml文档时调用此方法
*/
@Override
public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
super.startDocument();
System.out.println("开始解析xml文件");
list = new ArrayList();
}
/**
* 文档解析完成后调用此方法
*/
@Override
public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
super.endDocument();
System.out.println("xml文件解析完毕");
}
/**
* 开始解析节点时调用此方法
*/
@Override
public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes);
//当节点名为book时,获取book的属性id
if(qName.equals("book")){
book = new Book();
String id = attributes.getValue("id");//System.out.println("id值为"+id);
book.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
}
}
/**
*节点解析完毕时调用此方法
*
*@param qName 节点名
*/
@Override
public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException {
super.endElement(uri, localName, qName);
if(qName.equals("name")){
book.setName(content);
//System.out.println("书名"+content);
}else if(qName.equals("author")){
book.setAuthor(content);
// System.out.println("作者"+content);
}else if(qName.equals("year")){
book.setYear(Integer.parseInt(content));
// System.out.println("年份"+content);
}else if(qName.equals("price")){
book.setPrice(Double.parseDouble(content));
// System.out.println("价格"+content);
}else if(qName.equals("book")){ //当结束当前book解析时,将该book添加到数组后置为空，方便下一次book赋值
list.add(book);
book = null;
}
}
/**
* 此方法用来获取节点的值
*/
@Override
public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException {
super.characters(ch, start, length);
content = new String(ch, start, length);
//收集不为空白的节点值
// if(!content.trim().equals("")){
// System.out.println("节点值为："+content);
// }
}
public List getBooks(){
return list;
}
}
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import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.ParserFactory;
import com.lune.bean.Book;
import com.lune.handler.SAXParseHandler;
/**
* 用SAX方式读取xml文件
* @author lune
*/
public class ReadXmlBySAX {
private static List books = null;
private SAXParserFactory sParserFactory = null;
private SAXParser parser = null;
public List getBooks(String fileName) throws Exception{
SAXParserFactory sParserFactory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
SAXParser parser = sParserFactory.newSAXParser();
SAXParseHandler handler = new SAXParseHandler();
parser.parse(fileName, handler);
return handler.getBooks();
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
books = new ReadXmlBySAX().getBooks(“src/res/books.xml”);
for(Book book:books){
System.out.println(book);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.ParserFactory;
import com.lune.bean.Book;
import com.lune.handler.SAXParseHandler;
/**
* 用SAX方式读取xml文件
* @author lune
*/
public class ReadXmlBySAX {
private static List books = null;
private SAXParserFactory sParserFactory = null;
private SAXParser parser = null;
public List getBooks(String fileName) throws Exception{
SAXParserFactory sParserFactory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
SAXParser parser = sParserFactory.newSAXParser();
SAXParseHandler handler = new SAXParseHandler();
parser.parse(fileName, handler);
return handler.getBooks();
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
books = new ReadXmlBySAX().getBooks("src/res/books.xml");
for(Book book:books){
System.out.println(book);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
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3.JDOM方式解析XML
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.jdom2.JDOMException;
import org.jdom2.input.SAXBuilder;
import com.lune.bean.Book;
import org.jdom2.*;
/**
* 用JDOM方式读取xml文件
* @author lune
*/
public class ReadXMLByJDom {
private List books = null;
private Book book = null;
public List getBooks(String fileName){
SAXBuilder saxBuilder = new SAXBuilder();
try {
Document document = saxBuilder.build(new FileInputStream(fileName));
//获取根节点bookstore
Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
//获取根节点的子节点，返回子节点的数组
List bookList = rootElement.getChildren();
books = new ArrayList();
for(Element bookElement : bookList){
book = new Book();
//获取bookElement的属性
List bookAttributes = bookElement.getAttributes();
for(Attribute attribute : bookAttributes){
if(attribute.getName().equals(“id”)){
String id = attribute.getValue(); //System.out.println(id);
book.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
}
}
//获取bookElement的子节点
List children = bookElement.getChildren();
for(Element child : children){
if(child.getName().equals(“name”)){
String name = child.getValue();//System.out.println(name);
book.setName(name);
}else if(child.getName().equals(“author”)){
String author = child.getValue();
book.setAuthor(author);//System.out.println(author);
}else if(child.getName().equals(“year”)){
String year = child.getValue();
book.setYear(Integer.parseInt(year));
}else if(child.getName().equals(“price”)){
String price = child.getValue();
book.setPrice(Double.parseDouble(price));
}
}
books.add(book);
book = null;
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (JDOMException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return books;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String fileName = ”src/res/books.xml”;
List books= new ReadXMLByJDom().getBooks(fileName);
for(Book book : books){
System.out.println(book);
}
}
}
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.jdom2.JDOMException;
import org.jdom2.input.SAXBuilder;
import com.lune.bean.Book;
import org.jdom2.*;
/**
* 用JDOM方式读取xml文件
* @author lune
*/
public class ReadXMLByJDom {
private List books = null;
private Book book = null;
public List getBooks(String fileName){
SAXBuilder saxBuilder = new SAXBuilder();
try {
Document document = saxBuilder.build(new FileInputStream(fileName));
//获取根节点bookstore
Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
//获取根节点的子节点，返回子节点的数组
List bookList = rootElement.getChildren();
books = new ArrayList();
for(Element bookElement : bookList){
book = new Book();
//获取bookElement的属性
List bookAttributes = bookElement.getAttributes();
for(Attribute attribute : bookAttributes){
if(attribute.getName().equals("id")){
String id = attribute.getValue(); //System.out.println(id);
book.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
}
}
//获取bookElement的子节点
List children = bookElement.getChildren();
for(Element child : children){
if(child.getName().equals("name")){
String name = child.getValue();//System.out.println(name);
book.setName(name);
}else if(child.getName().equals("author")){
String author = child.getValue();
book.setAuthor(author);//System.out.println(author);
}else if(child.getName().equals("year")){
String year = child.getValue();
book.setYear(Integer.parseInt(year));
}else if(child.getName().equals("price")){
String price = child.getValue();
book.setPrice(Double.parseDouble(price));
}
}
books.add(book);
book = null;
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (JDOMException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return books;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String fileName = "src/res/books.xml";
List books= new ReadXMLByJDom().getBooks(fileName);
for(Book book : books){
System.out.println(book);
}
}
}
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4.DOM4j方式解析XML
import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import org.dom4j.Attribute;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import com.lune.bean.Book;
/**
* 用DOM4J方法读取xml文件
* @author lune
*/
public class ReadXMLByDom4j {
private List bookList = null;
private Book book = null;
public List getBooks(File file){
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
try {
Document document = reader.read(file);
Element bookstore = document.getRootElement();
Iterator storeit = bookstore.elementIterator();
bookList = new ArrayList();
while(storeit.hasNext()){
book = new Book();
Element bookElement = (Element) storeit.next();
//遍历bookElement的属性
List attributes = bookElement.attributes();
for(Attribute attribute : attributes){
if(attribute.getName().equals(“id”)){
String id = attribute.getValue();//System.out.println(id);
book.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
}
}
Iterator bookit = bookElement.elementIterator();
while(bookit.hasNext()){
Element child = (Element) bookit.next();
String nodeName = child.getName();
if(nodeName.equals(“name”)){
//System.out.println(child.getStringValue());
String name = child.getStringValue();
book.setName(name);
}else if(nodeName.equals(“author”)){
String author = child.getStringValue();
book.setAuthor(author);
}else if(nodeName.equals(“year”)){
String year = child.getStringValue();
book.setYear(Integer.parseInt(year));
}else if(nodeName.equals(“price”)){
String price = child.getStringValue();
book.setPrice(Double.parseDouble(price));
}
}
bookList.add(book);
book = null;
}
} catch (DocumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return bookList;
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
File file = new File(“src/res/books.xml”);
List bookList = new ReadXMLByDom4j().getBooks(file);
for(Book book : bookList){
System.out.println(book);
}
}
}
import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import org.dom4j.Attribute;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import com.lune.bean.Book;
/**
* 用DOM4J方法读取xml文件
* @author lune
*/
public class ReadXMLByDom4j {
private List bookList = null;
private Book book = null;
public List getBooks(File file){
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
try {
Document document = reader.read(file);
Element bookstore = document.getRootElement();
Iterator storeit = bookstore.elementIterator();
bookList = new ArrayList();
while(storeit.hasNext()){
book = new Book();
Element bookElement = (Element) storeit.next();
//遍历bookElement的属性
List attributes = bookElement.attributes();
for(Attribute attribute : attributes){
if(attribute.getName().equals("id")){
String id = attribute.getValue();//System.out.println(id);
book.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
}
}
Iterator bookit = bookElement.elementIterator();
while(bookit.hasNext()){
Element child = (Element) bookit.next();
String nodeName = child.getName();
if(nodeName.equals("name")){
//System.out.println(child.getStringValue());
String name = child.getStringValue();
book.setName(name);
}else if(nodeName.equals("author")){
String author = child.getStringValue();
book.setAuthor(author);
}else if(nodeName.equals("year")){
String year = child.getStringValue();
book.setYear(Integer.parseInt(year));
}else if(nodeName.equals("price")){
String price = child.getStringValue();
book.setPrice(Double.parseDouble(price));
}
}
bookList.add(book);
book = null;
}
} catch (DocumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return bookList;
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
File file = new File("src/res/books.xml");
List bookList = new ReadXMLByDom4j().getBooks(file);
for(Book book : bookList){
System.out.println(book);
}
}
}
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其中后两者需要导入外部jar包.
文章中的源码可在下面地址下载：
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