linux 源码搭建lnmp_【零基础学云计算】详述Linux系统中搭建LNMP架构+Discuz论坛

LNMP架构解读

• LNMP平台就是Linux、Ngnix、MySQL、PHP的组合架构,需要Linux服务器、MySQL 数据库、PHP解析环境

搭建Nginx服务

• 下载Nginx源码包 Nginx源码包下载
• 在Linux虚拟机中挂载存放源码包的目录

[root@localhost ~]# mount.cifs //192.168.100.10/lnmp /mnt/ //挂载目录

Password for root@//192.168.100.10/lnmp:

[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/

[root@localhost mnt]# ls

Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz php-7.1.20.tar.gz

[root@localhost mnt]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel zlib-devel -y //安装环境包

已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: Index of /

...//省略部分内容...

已安装:

gcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 pcre-devel.x86_64 0:8.32-17.el7

zlib-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.7-18.el7

作为依赖被安装:

cpp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.17-292.el7

glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.17-292.el7 kernel-headers.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1062.4.1.el7

libmpc.x86_64 0:1.0.1-3.el7 libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7

更新完毕:

make.x86_64 1:3.82-24.el7

作为依赖被升级:

glibc.x86_64 0:2.17-292.el7 glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.17-292.el7 libgcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7

libgomp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 libstdc++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 zlib.x86_64 0:1.2.7-18.el7

完毕！

[root@localhost mnt]# tar zvxf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz -C /opt/ //解压环境包

[root@localhost mnt]# cd /opt/

[root@localhost opt]# ls

nginx-1.12.2 rh

[root@localhost opt]# cd nginx-1.12.2/

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ls

auto CHANGES CHANGES.ru conf configure contrib html LICENSE man README src

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx //创建Nginx程序用户，不可登录系统，不创建家目录

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure //配置nginx

> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx //指定安装目录

> --user=nginx //指定用户

> --group=nginx //指定组

> --with-http_stub_status_module //关联统计模块

...//省略部分内容...

nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"

nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"

nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"

nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"

nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"

nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install //制作安装nginx

...//省略部分内容...

test -d '/usr/local/nginx/html'

|| cp -R html '/usr/local/nginx'

test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs'

|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'

make[1]: 离开目录“/opt/nginx-1.12.2”

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/ //将命令放入系统命令下

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# cd /lib/systemd/system //进入system管理目录

[root@localhost system]# vim nginx.service //创建nginx程序管理脚本

[Unit]

Description=nginx

After=network.target

[Service]

Type=forking

PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid

ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

ExecReload=/usr/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID

ExecStop=/usr/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID

PrivateTmp=true

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

:wq

[root@localhost system]# chmod 754 nginx.service //添加执行权限

[root@localhost system]# systemctl start nginx.service //启动服务

[root@localhost system]# netstat -ntap | grep 80 //查看端口是否开启

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4593/nginx: master

[root@localhost system]# systemctl stop firewalld.service //关闭防火墙

[root@localhost system]# setenforce 0 //关闭增强性安全功能

• 在客户机测试网页是否可以正常访问

编译安装MySQL

• 下载源码包，并放入已经挂载到Linux的目录 MySQL源码包下载

[root@localhost system]# yum install ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake -y

//安装环境包 ncurses ncurses-devel 字符终端处理工具 bison 语法分析器

...//省略部分内容...

已安装:

bison.x86_64 0:3.0.4-2.el7 cmake.x86_64 0:2.8.12.2-2.el7 ncurses-devel.x86_64 0:5.9-14.20130511.el7_4

作为依赖被安装:

m4.x86_64 0:1.4.16-10.el7

更新完毕:

ncurses.x86_64 0:5.9-14.20130511.el7_4

作为依赖被升级:

ncurses-base.noarch 0:5.9-14.20130511.el7_4 ncurses-libs.x86_64 0:5.9-14.20130511.el7_4

完毕！

[root@localhost system]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql //创建mysql程序目录

[root@localhost system]# cd /mnt/

[root@localhost mnt]# ls

Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz php-7.1.20.tar.gz

[root@localhost mnt]# tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz -C /opt/ //解压源码包

...//省略部分内容...

mysql-5.7.20/boost/boost_1_59_0/boost/unordered/unordered_set.hpp

mysql-5.7.20/boost/boost_1_59_0/boost/unordered/unordered_set_fwd.hpp

mysql-5.7.20/boost/boost_1_59_0/boost/unordered/unordered_map_fwd.hpp

mysql-5.7.20/boost/boost_1_59_0/boost/timer.hpp

[root@localhost mnt]# cd /opt

[root@localhost opt]# ls

mysql-5.7.20 nginx-1.12.2 rh

[root@localhost opt]# cd mysql-5.7.20/

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cmake //使用cmake配置mysql

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql //指定安装路径

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock //指定链接性文件路径

-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc //指定配置文件存放位置

-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql //指定PID文件存放位置

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 //指定字符集utf-8

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci //指定字符集utf-8

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 //开启存储引擎

-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1

-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1

-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data //指定数据存放位置

-DWITH_BOOST=boost //关联支持c++运行库

-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 //开启systemd（主从复制使使用）

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# make //制作MySQL

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# make install //安装MySQL

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cd /usr/local/ //进入MySQL安装目录

[root@localhost local]# ls -l //长格式常看

总用量 0

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 bin

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 etc

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 games

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 include

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 lib

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 lib64

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 libexec

drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root 197 11月 11 21:42 mysql

drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root 151 11月 11 20:49 nginx

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 19 11月 11 20:49 sbin

drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 8月 10 03:42 share

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 src

[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql/ //更改mysql目录属主、属组为mysql程序用户

[root@localhost local]# ls -l

总用量 0

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 bin

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 etc

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 games

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 include

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 lib

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 lib64

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 libexec

drwxr-xr-x. 11 mysql mysql 197 11月 11 21:42 mysql

drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root 151 11月 11 20:49 nginx

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 19 11月 11 20:49 sbin

drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 8月 10 03:42 share

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2016 src

[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]

port = 3306

default-character-set=utf8

socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql]

port = 3306

default-character-set=utf8

socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

user = mysql

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

port = 3306

character_set_server=utf8

pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid

socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

server-id = 1

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

:wq

[root@localhost local]# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile

//在profile目录定义环境变量

[root@localhost local]# echo 'export PATH' >> /etc/profile //将声明环境变量写入profile目录

[root@localhost local]# source /etc/profile //使用source执行profile目录

[root@localhost local]# echo $PATH //输出环境变量，查看定义的环境变量是否被系统识别

/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

[root@localhost local]# cd /usr/local/mysql/

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld

--initialize-insecure //初始化数据库

--user=mysql

--basedir=/usr/local/mysql //指定数据库工作路径

--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data //指定数据存放位置

[root@localhost mysql]# cp usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /lib/systemd/system/

//复制启动脚本到system管理器

[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld.service //设置开启自启动

Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.

[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mysqld.service //启动服务

[root@localhost mysql]# netstat -ntap | grep 3306 //查看服务端口是否开启

tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 24084/mysqld

[root@localhost mysql]# mysqladmin -u root -p password //设置数据库密码

Enter password: //输入旧密码，没有密码直接回车

New password: //设置新密码

Confirm new password: //再次输入新密码

Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

源码编译安装php

• 下载源码包，并放入已经挂载到Linux的目录php源码包下载

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel freetype freetype-devel zlib zlib-devel curl curl-devel openssl openssl-devel //安装环境包

...//省略部分内容...

已安装:

freetype-devel.x86_64 0:2.8-14.el7 libcurl-devel.x86_64 0:7.29.0-54.el7

libjpeg-turbo-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.90-8.el7 libpng-devel.x86_64 2:1.5.13-7.el7_2

libxml2-devel.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 openssl-devel.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-19.el7

...//省略部分内容...

完毕！

[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/

[root@localhost mnt]# ls

Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz php-7.1.20.tar.gz

[root@localhost mnt]# tar zxvf php-7.1.20.tar.gz -C /opt/ //解压源码包

[root@localhost mnt]# cd /opt/

[root@localhost opt]# ls

mysql-5.7.20 nginx-1.12.2 php-7.1.20 rh

[root@localhost opt]# cd php-7.1.20/

[root@localhost php-7.1.20]# ./configure //配置php

--prefix=/usr/local/php //定义安装路径

--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock //关联mysql数据库

--with-mysqli //关联MySQL客户端

--with-zlib //支持压缩

--with-curl

--with-gd //支持图像处理

--with-jpeg-dir //支持jpeg图片

--with-png-dir

--with-freetype-dir //支持字体处理

--with-openssl //支持安全功能

--enable-fpm //支持动态请求

--enable-mbstring //支持字符串处理

--enable-xml //支持xml格式

--enable-session //指出session会话

--enable-ftp //指出ftp功能

--enable-pdo //指出通用接口

--enable-tokenizer //支持tokenizer函数库

--enable-zip //支持压缩

[root@localhost php-7.1.20]# make && make install //制作安装php

[root@localhost php-7.1.20]# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

//复制php配置文件到安装的php目录下

[root@localhost php-7.1.20]# vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini //编辑配置文件

...//省略部分内容...

; Default socket name for local MySQL connects. If empty, uses the built-in

; MySQL defaults.

; http://php.net/mysqli.default-socket

mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql.sock //找到此条目，输入关联的mysql数据路径

...//省略部分内容...

[Date]

; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions

; http://php.net/date.timezone

date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai //找到此条目，设置时区

...//省略部分内容...

:wq

[root@localhost php-7.1.20]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -m //查看php默认模块是否开启

[PHP Modules]

Core

ctype

curl

...//省略部分内容...

xml

xmlreader

xmlwriter

zip

zlib

[Zend Modules]

[root@localhost etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf //开启fpm配置文件

[root@localhost etc]# vim php-fpm.conf //编辑配置文件

...//省略部分内容...

[global]

; Pid file

; Note: the default prefix is /usr/local/php/var

; Default Value: none

pid = run/php-fpm.pid //开启此条目

...//省略部分内容...

:wq

[root@localhost etc]# cd php-fpm.d/

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# ls

www.conf.default

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf //开启扩展配置文件

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini //启动php

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# netstat -ntap | grep 9000 //查看端口是否开启

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 35687/php-fpm: mast

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

//将php命令建立软链接到系统命令目录

• 设置nginx支持php

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf //编辑nginx配置文件

...//省略部分内容...

location ~ .php$ { //找到此处条目，去掉注释

root html;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name; //更改站点目录

include fastcgi_params;

}

...//省略部分内容...

:wq

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# systemctl stop nginx.service //停止nginx服务

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# systemctl start nginx //启动服务

[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/ //进入nginx站点目录

[root@localhost html]# ls

50x.html index.html

[root@localhost html]# mv index.html index.php //将index.html更改为index.php

[root@localhost html]# ls

50x.html index.php

[root@localhost html]# vim index.php //编辑网页内容

<?php

phpinfo();

?>

:wq

• 测试lnpm架构是否搭建成功

搭建Discuz论坛

• 下载Discuz，并放入已经挂载到Linux的目录 Discuz压缩包下载

[root@localhost html]# mysql -u root -p //进入mysql数据库

Enter password: //输入密码

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.

Your MySQL connection id is 6

Server version: 5.7.20 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> CREATE DATABASE bbs; //创建bbs数据库

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';

//提权数据库用户bbsuser为管理员并设定密码

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges; //刷新数据库

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases; //查看数据库内容

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| bbs |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| sys |

+--------------------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit //退出

Bye

[root@localhost html]# cd /mnt

[root@localhost mnt]# ls

Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz php-7.1.20.tar.gz

[root@localhost mnt]# unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip -d /opt/ //解压到opt目录

[root@localhost mnt]# cd /opt/

[root@localhost opt]# ls

dir_SC_UTF8 mysql-5.7.20 nginx-1.12.2 php-7.1.20 rh 说明.htm

[root@localhost opt]# cd dir_SC_UTF8/ //进入论坛目录

[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# ls

readme upload utility

[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cp -r upload/ /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs

//复制/opt目录里的内容到html站点的bbs目录中

[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/ //进入bbs站点目录

[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./config/ //修改属组

[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./data/

[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_client/

[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_server/

[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./config/ //修改全部权限

[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./data/

[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_client/

[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_server/

• 使用客户机访问站点，安装Discuz论坛

写在最后：

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