tf_w2v_sg_demo.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import time
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
import random
from collections import Counter
# 2加载数据
#
with open('data/Javasplittedwords',encoding='utf-8') as f:
text = f.read()
# 3 数据预处理
# 3.1筛选低频词
words = text.split(' ')
words_count = Counter(words)
words = [w for w in words if words_count[w] > 50]
# 3.2构建映射表
vocab = set(words)
vocab_to_int = {w: c for c, w in enumerate(vocab)}
int_to_vocab = {c: w for c, w in enumerate(vocab)}
print("total words: {}".format(len(words)))
print("unique words: {}".format(len(set(words))))
# 3.3对原文本进行vocab到int的转换
int_words = [vocab_to_int[w] for w in words]
# 4采样
# 对停用词进行采样,例如“the”,“of”以及“for”这类单词进行剔除。
# 剔除这些单词以后能够加快我们的训练过程,同时减少训练过程中的噪音。
t = 1e-5 # t值
threshold = 0.9 # 剔除概率阈值
# 统计单词出现频次
int_word_counts = Counter(int_words)
total_count = len(int_words)
# 计算单词频率
word_freqs = {w: c/total_count for w, c in int_word_counts.items()}
# 计算被删除的概率
prob_drop = {w: 1 - np.sqrt(t / word_freqs[w]) for w in int_word_counts}
# 对单词进行采样
train_words = [w for w in int_words if prob_drop[w] < threshold]
#5 构造batch
def get_targets(words, idx, window_size=5):
'''
获得input word的上下文单词列表
参数
---
words: 单词列表
idx: input word的索引号
window_size: 窗口大小
'''
target_window = np.random.randint(1, window_size+1)
# 这里要考虑input word前面单词不够的情况
start_point = idx - target_window if (idx - target_window) > 0 else 0
end_point = idx + target_window
# output words(即窗口中的上下文单词)
targets = set(words[start_point: idx] + words[idx+1: end_point+1])
return list(targets)
def get_batches(words, batch_size, window_size=5):
'''
构造一个获取batch的生成器
'''
n_batches = len(words) // batch_size
# 仅取full batches
words = words[:n_batches*batch_size]
for idx in range(0, len(words), batch_size):
x, y = [], []
batch = words[idx: idx+batch_size]
for i in range(len(batch)):
batch_x = batch[i]
batch_y = get_targets(batch, i, window_size)
# 由于一个input word会对应多个output word,因此需要长度统一
x.extend([batch_x]*len(batch_y))
y.extend(batch_y)
yield x, y
# 6构建网络
# 6.1 输入层
# 嵌入矩阵的矩阵形状为 vocab_size×hidden_units_sizevocab_size×hidden_units_size
train_graph = tf.Graph()
with train_graph.as_default():
inputs = tf.placeholder(tf.int32, shape=[None], name='inputs')
labels = tf.placeholder(tf.int32, shape=[None, None], name='labels')
# 6.2嵌入
vocab_size = len(int_to_vocab)
embedding_size = 200 # 嵌入维度
with train_graph.as_default():
# 嵌入层权重矩阵
embedding = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([vocab_size, embedding_size], -1, 1))
# 实现lookup
embed = tf.nn.embedding_lookup(embedding, inputs)
# 6.3负采样
n_sampled = 100
with train_graph.as_default():
softmax_w = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal([vocab_size, embedding_size], stddev=0.1))
softmax_b = tf.Variable(tf.zeros(vocab_size))
# 计算negative sampling下的损失
loss = tf.nn.sampled_softmax_loss(softmax_w, softmax_b, labels, embed, n_sampled, vocab_size)
cost = tf.reduce_mean(loss)
optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer().minimize(cost)
# 6.4用查看语义相近的词的方法来验证
with train_graph.as_default():
# 随机挑选一些单词
## From Thushan Ganegedara's implementation
valid_size = 7 # Random set of words to evaluate similarity on.
valid_window = 100
# pick 8 samples from (0,100) and (1000,1100) each ranges. lower id implies more frequent
# valid_examples = np.array(random.sample(range(valid_window), valid_size//2))
# valid_examples = np.append(valid_examples, random.sample(range(1000,1000+valid_window), valid_size//2))
valid_examples = [vocab_to_int['word'],
vocab_to_int['ppt'],
vocab_to_int['熟悉'],
vocab_to_int['java'],
vocab_to_int['能力'],
vocab_to_int['逻辑思维'],
vocab_to_int['了解']]
valid_size = len(valid_examples)
# 验证单词集
valid_dataset = tf.constant(valid_examples, dtype=tf.int32)
# 计算每个词向量的模并进行单位化
norm = tf.sqrt(tf.reduce_sum(tf.square(embedding), 1, keep_dims=True))
normalized_embedding = embedding / norm
# 查找验证单词的词向量
valid_embedding = tf.nn.embedding_lookup(normalized_embedding, valid_dataset)
# 计算余弦相似度
similarity = tf.matmul(valid_embedding, tf.transpose(normalized_embedding))
# 6.5实际训练
epochs = 10 # 迭代轮数
batch_size = 1000 # batch大小
window_size = 10 # 窗口大小
with train_graph.as_default():
saver = tf.train.Saver() # 文件存储
with tf.Session(graph=train_graph) as sess:
iteration = 1
loss = 0
sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())
for e in range(1, epochs+1):
batches = get_batches(train_words, batch_size, window_size)
start = time.time()
#
i=0
for x, y in batches:
i=i+1
if i<2:
print(x,y)
else:
break
feed = {inputs: x,
labels: np.array(y)[:, None]}
train_loss, _ = sess.run([cost, optimizer], feed_dict=feed)
loss += train_loss
if iteration % 100 == 0:
end = time.time()
print("Epoch {}/{}".format(e, epochs),
"Iteration: {}".format(iteration),
"Avg. Training loss: {:.4f}".format(loss/100),
"{:.4f} sec/batch".format((end-start)/100))
loss = 0
start = time.time()
# 计算相似的词
if iteration % 1000 == 0:
# 计算similarity
sim = similarity.eval()
for i in range(valid_size):
valid_word = int_to_vocab[valid_examples[i]]
top_k = 8 # 取最相似单词的前8个
nearest = (-sim[i, :]).argsort()[1:top_k+1]
log = 'Nearest to [%s]:' % valid_word
for k in range(top_k):
close_word = int_to_vocab[nearest[k]]
log = '%s %s,' % (log, close_word)
print(log)
iteration += 1
save_path = saver.save(sess, "checkpoints/text8.ckpt")
embed_mat = sess.run(normalized_embedding)