python使用tensorflow开发_机器学习之线性回归使用Python和tensorflow实现

导入依赖包

import tensorflow as tf

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pylab as plt

from pylab import mpl

mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']

生成直线数据并加入噪音画图显示

train_x = np.linspace(-1, 1, 100) # 生成 -1 到 1之间 分成100份

# print(train_x)

noise = np.random.randn(*train_x.shape) * 0.3

train_y = 2 * train_x + noise # 给每一个点加上噪音

# print(noise)

plt.plot(train_x, train_y, "go", label="我的初始数据")

plt.legend()

plt.show()

定义模型的输入和输出

x = tf.placeholder("float")

y = tf.placeholder("float")

# 定义并初始化模型的权重偏置

w = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([1]), name="weight")

b = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([1]), name="bias")

# 定义模型的前向传播过程

y_predict = tf.multiply(w, x) + b

定义模型的损失函数，反向传播

cost = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(y - y_predict))

learning_rate = 0.01 # 定义学习率

optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate).minimize(cost) # 定义优化器

init = tf.global_variables_initializer()

定义超参数

train_epochs = 100

display_epoch = 2

训练模型

with tf.Session() as sess:

sess.run(init)

plotdata = {"epochs": [], "cost": []} # 保存训练得到的参数

for epoch in range(train_epochs):

for X, Y in zip(train_x, train_y):

sess.run(optimizer, feed_dict={x: X, y: Y})

if epoch % display_epoch == 0:

print("训练的epoch为:%d cost为:%f %f" % (epoch+1, sess.run(cost, feed_dict={x: train_x, y: train_y}), sess.run(b)))

plotdata["epochs"].append(epoch+1)

plotdata["cost"].append(sess.run(cost, feed_dict={x: train_x, y: train_y}))

print("训练完成")

print("模型训练的结果为： ", "w", sess.run(w), "b:", sess.run(b), "cost:",

sess.run(cost, feed_dict={x: train_x, y: train_y}))

画图显示

plt.plot(train_x, train_y, "go", label="我的初始数据")

plt.plot(train_x, sess.run(w) * train_x + sess.run(b), label='Fitted line')

plt.legend()

plt.show()