java getresourceasstream null_java踩坑记-getResourceAsStream

本文主要是研究下面集中方法到底谁才能真正的load到文件,你能一眼看出来吗？

GetResourcesSample.class.getClassLoader.getResourceAsStream("main-resources-file.txt")

GetResourcesSample.class.getClass().getResourceAsStream("main-resources-file.txt")

GetResourcesSample.class.getResourceAsStream("main-resources-file.txt")

GetResourcesSample.class.getClassLoader.getResourceAsStream("/main-resources-file.txt")

GetResourcesSample.class.getClass().getResourceAsStream("/main-resources-file.txt")

GetResourcesSample.class.getResourceAsStream("/main-resources-file.txt")

很晕吧，反正我是挺晕的。

目录结构：

代码：

public classGetResourcesSample {private static final String MAIN_FILE = "main-resources-file.txt";private static final String MAIN_FILE_WITH_SLASH = "/main-resources-file.txt";private static final String TEST_FILE = "test-resources-file.txt";private static final String TEST_FILE_WITH_SLASH = "/test-resources-file.txt";private static final String ROOT_FILE = "project-root-file.txt";private static final String ROOT_FILE_WITH_SLASH = "./project-root-file.txt";public static voidmain(String[] args) {

validateResult(MAIN_FILE);

validateResult(MAIN_FILE_WITH_SLASH);

validateResult(TEST_FILE);

validateResult(TEST_FILE_WITH_SLASH);

validateResult(ROOT_FILE);

validateResult(ROOT_FILE_WITH_SLASH);

}private static voidvalidateResult(String file) {

InputStream inputStream1= GetResourcesSample.class.getClass().getResourceAsStream(file);if (inputStream1 != null) {

System.out.println(MessageFormat

.format("GetResourcesSample.class.getClass().getResourceAsStream(\"{0}\") is not null!", file));

}

InputStream inputStream2= GetResourcesSample.class.getResourceAsStream(file);if (inputStream2 != null) {

System.out.println(

MessageFormat.format("GetResourcesSample.class.getResourceAsStream(\"{0}\") is not null!", file));

}

InputStream inputStream3= GetResourcesSample.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(file);if (inputStream3 != null) {

System.out.println(

MessageFormat.format("GetResourcesSample.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(\"{0}\") is not null!", file));

}

}

}

结果：

GetResourcesSample.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("main-resources-file.txt") is not null!

GetResourcesSample.class.getClass().getResourceAsStream("/main-resources-file.txt") is not null!

GetResourcesSample.class.getResourceAsStream("/main-resources-file.txt") is not null!

结论：

Class.getResourceAsStream 最终调用的是此Class的Class Loader的getResourceAsStream来进行读文件(有些绕，尽量理解)

GetResourcesSample.class.getClass() 得到的是Class这个类的实例，它的ClassLoader是JVM的bootstrap Class Loader

GetResourcesSample.class.getResourceAsStream 由于去resolve了一下name，虽然是当前class的ClassLoader，它也读不到这个文件；除非你的文件名以“／”开头。详见源代码：

/*** Add a package name prefix if the name is not absolute Remove leading "/"

* if name is absolute*/

privateString resolveName(String name) {if (name == null) {returnname;

}if (!name.startsWith("/")) {

Class> c = this;while(c.isArray()) {

c=c.getComponentType();

}

String baseName=c.getName();int index = baseName.lastIndexOf('.');if (index != -1) {

name= baseName.substring(0, index).replace('.', '/')+"/"+name;

}

}else{

name= name.substring(1);

}returnname;

}

project-root-file.txt这种最后最终不被打在Jar包里的文件，是没有机会被读取的，除非hard code一个文件所在的绝对路径

把相同代码放到UT里面去跑，会发现UT能同时load到main和test下的文件。因为JUnit有它自己的ClassLoader，它能同时读到main和test下的文件。