java.settings.cfg_hibernate中使用configuration类配置数据库以及实体类映射

背景:在搭建框架的时候，多数教程都是直接从hibernate.cfg.xml或其他命名的xml文件获取hibernate配置文件。小鱼在这里给大家介绍一种比较冷门的配置方法，或许大家可以用到。

场景:普通非web的java应用使用hibernate，使用hibernate.cfg.configuration类进行编程式配置。

提供session的hibernate工具类:

import org.hibernate.Session;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;

import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class HibernateUtils1 {

private static Configuration cfg = null;

private static SessionFactory factory = null;

private static Session session = null;

static {

cfg = new Configuration().setProperty("hibernate.connection.driver_class", "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver")

.setProperty("hibernate.connection.url", "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/aleavesystem?pinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8")

.setProperty("hibernate.connection.username", "root")

.setProperty("hibernate.connection.password", "root").addAnnotatedClass(Employee.class);

;

factory = cfg.buildSessionFactory(new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(cfg.getProperties())

.build());

}

public static Session getSession() {

if(factory != null) {

return factory.openSession();

}else{

factory = cfg.buildSessionFactory(new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(cfg.getProperties())

.build());

}

return factory.openSession();

}

public static void closeSession() {

if(session != null && session.isOpen()){

session.close();

}

}

}

说明:参阅了hibernate的接口文档，org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration类提供设置property属性的方法setProperty，参数格式(属性名称，属性值)，例如设置数据库连接为setProperty("hibernate.connection.url", "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/aleavesystem?characterEncoding=UTF-8")，其他属性依次类推，可以面条式增加属性configuration.setProperty("a","1").setProperty("b","2")......

addAnnotatedClass，则是为实体类配置提供的方法，如上面代码addAnnotatedClass(Employee.class)，配置注解实体类，同样也是可以面条式增加多个实体类addAnnotatedClass(类A).addAnnotatedClass(类B).addAnnotatedClass(类C)，参数注意是class类，直接实体类后面加.class就行。

实体类Employee:

import javax.persistence.Column;

import javax.persistence.Entity;

import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;

import javax.persistence.Id;

import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity

@Table(name = "Employee ")

public class Employee {

@Id

@Column(name = "id")

private int id;

public Employee() {}

public int getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId( int id ) {

this.id = id;

}

}

测试入口类:

import org.hibernate.*;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

/**** 上面是配置准备，下面开始我们的数据库操作 ******/

Session session = HibernateUtils1.getSession();// 从会话工厂获取一个session

Transaction t = session.beginTransaction();

Employee e1 = new Employee();

e1.setId(1);

Employee e2 = new Employee();

e2.setId(2);

session.persist(e1);

session.persist(e2);

t.commit();

session.close();

System.out.println("successfully saved");

}

}