python中format和int_Python 入门系列 —— 10. string 拼接 和 format 介绍

string 拼接

可以使用 + 实现两个字符串的拼接。a = "Hello"

b = "World"

c = a + b

print(c)

--- output ---

PS E:\dream\markdown\python> & "C:/Program Files (x86)/Python/python.exe" e:/dream/markdown/python/app/app.py

HelloWorld

如果想调整一下格式，可以在 hellworld 之间加上空格，如下所示：a = "Hello"

b = "World"

c = a + " " + b

print(c)

--- output ---

PS E:\dream\markdown\python> & "C:/Program Files (x86)/Python/python.exe" e:/dream/markdown/python/app/app.py

Hello World

string 格式化

还记得在前面的文章中提到，将 string 和 int 进行拼接是行不通的，这时候的解决方案就是用 format ,先看一下之前的例子。age = 36

txt = "My name is John, I am " + age

print(txt)

--- output ---

PS E:\dream\markdown\python> & "C:/Program Files (x86)/Python/python.exe" e:/dream/markdown/python/app/app.py

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "e:/dream/markdown/python/app/app.py", line 2, in

txt = "My name is John, I am " + age

TypeError: can only concatenate str (not "int") to str

接下来看看 format，在字符串中设置一个占位符 {}，占位符的参数通过 format 传入，如下所示：age = 36

txt = "My name is John, and I am {}"

print(txt.format(age))

PS E:\dream\markdown\python> & "C:/Program Files (x86)/Python/python.exe" e:/dream/markdown/python/app/app.py

My name is John, and I am 36

有些朋友可能就要问了，既然支持一个 占位符，那能不能支持多个占位符呢？ 当然可以啦，如下所示：quantity = 3

itemno = 567

price = 49.95

myorder = "I want {} pieces of item {} for {} dollars."

print(myorder.format(quantity, itemno, price))

--- output ---

PS E:\dream\markdown\python> & "C:/Program Files (x86)/Python/python.exe" e:/dream/markdown/python/app/app.py

I want 3 pieces of item 567 for 49.95 dollars.

除了这种通用的占位符，还可以使用类似 C# 中的数字型占位符形式，实现精准指向性占位。quantity = 3

itemno = 567

price = 49.95

myorder = "I want to pay {2} dollars for {0} pieces of item {1}."

print(myorder.format(quantity, itemno, price))

--- output ---

PS E:\dream\markdown\python> & "C:/Program Files (x86)/Python/python.exe" e:/dream/markdown/python/app/app.py

I want to pay 49.95 dollars for 3 pieces of item 567.

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