证明 ( x + 1 ) 1 / x (x+1)^{1/x} (x+1)1/x在x->0的幂函数形式 , 精确到二次幂。
lim
e
1
x
l
n
(
1
+
x
)
\lim e^{\frac{1}{x}ln(1+x)}
limex1ln(1+x)
=
lim
e
1
x
⋅
(
x
−
x
2
2
+
x
3
3
+
o
(
x
3
)
)
=\lim e^{\frac{1}{x}\cdot(x-\frac{x^2}{2}+\frac{x^3}{3} +o(x^3))}
=limex1⋅(x−2x2+3x3+o(x3))
=
lim
e
1
−
x
2
+
x
2
3
+
o
(
x
3
)
=\lim e^{1-\frac{x}{2} + \frac{x^2}{3} + o(x^3)}
=lime1−2x+3x2+o(x3)
=
lim
e
⋅
e
−
x
2
+
x
2
3
+
o
(
x
2
)
= \lim e \cdot e^{\frac{-x}{2} + \frac{x^2}{3} + o(x^2)}
=lime⋅e2−x+3x2+o(x2)
=
e
⋅
(
1
+
(
−
x
2
+
x
2
3
)
+
1
2
⋅
(
−
x
2
+
x
2
3
)
2
+
o
(
x
2
)
)
=e \cdot (1 + (\frac{-x}{2} + \frac{x^2}{3}) + \frac{1}{2}\cdot(\frac{-x}{2} + \frac{x^2}{3})^2 + o(x^2))
=e⋅(1+(2−x+3x2)+21⋅(2−x+3x2)2+o(x2))
=
e
⋅
(
1
−
x
2
+
x
2
3
+
x
2
8
+
o
(
x
2
)
)
=e \cdot(1 - \frac{x}{2} + \frac{x^2}{3} + \frac{x^2}{8} + o(x^2))
=e⋅(1−2x+3x2+8x2+o(x2))
=
e
⋅
(
1
−
x
2
+
11
x
2
24
+
o
(
x
2
)
)
= e \cdot (1 -\frac{x}{2} + \frac{11x^2}{24} + o(x^2))
=e⋅(1−2x+2411x2+o(x2))
=
e
−
e
2
x
+
11
e
24
x
2
+
o
(
x
2
)
= e - \frac{e}{2}x +\frac{11e}{24}x^2 + o(x^2)
=e−2ex+2411ex2+o(x2)
计算下列极限(使用上述结论)
lim
x
→
0
(
1
+
x
)
1
x
−
(
1
+
2
x
)
1
2
x
s
i
n
x
\lim_{x\rightarrow0} \frac{(1+x)^\frac{1}{x} - (1+2x)^\frac{1}{2x}}{sinx}
limx→0sinx(1+x)x1−(1+2x)2x1
=
lim
x
→
0
e
−
e
2
x
+
11
e
24
x
2
−
e
+
e
2
(
2
x
)
1
−
11
e
24
(
2
x
)
2
+
o
(
x
2
)
x
= \lim_{x \rightarrow 0} \frac{e -\frac{e}{2}x +\frac{11e}{24}x^2 - e +\frac{e}{2}(2x)^1 - \frac{11e}{24}(2x)^2 + o(x^2)}{x}
=limx→0xe−2ex+2411ex2−e+2e(2x)1−2411e(2x)2+o(x2)
=
lim
x
→
0
e
2
x
−
11
8
x
2
+
o
(
x
2
)
x
= \lim_{x \rightarrow0} \frac{\frac{e}{2}x -\frac{11}{8}x^2 + o(x^2)}{x}
=limx→0x2ex−811x2+o(x2)
=
e
2
=\frac{e}{2}
=2e
2277
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