java复制

直接赋值

• 通过赋值的方式，实际上st1和st2指向堆内存中同一个对象，所以st1修改属性值会影响st2

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student st1 = new Student();
        st1.setName("yida");
        Student st2 = st1;
        System.out.println(st2.getName());
        st1.setName("zhangsan");
        System.out.println(st2.getName());
    }
}
//输出
yida
zhangsan

• 如何复制一个互不干扰的对象，主要有以下几种方式：
  1. 将A对象的值分别通过set方法加入B对象中；
  2. 通过重写java.lang.Object类中的方法clone()；
  3. 通过org.apache.commons中的工具类BeanUtils和PropertyUtils进行对象复制；
  4. 通过序列化实现对象的复制。

分别设置值（浅拷贝）

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student st1 = new Student();
        st1.setName("yida");
        Student st2 = new Student();
        st2.setName(st1.getName());
        st2.setAge(st1.getAge());
        System.out.println(st2.getName());
        st1.setName("zhangsan");
        System.out.println(st2.getName());

    }
}
//输出
yida
yida

基于Cloneable的深克隆和浅克隆

浅拷贝

• 实现步骤
  1. 被复制的类实现Cloneable接口
  2. 覆盖clone()方法，访问修饰符设为public。方法中调用super.clone()方法得到需要的复制对象。

public class Student implements Cloneable{
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private Address address = new Address();

    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public Object clone()  {
        Student student = null;
        try {
            student = (Student) super.clone();
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return student;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student st1 = new Student();
        st1.setName("yida");
        st1.getAddress().setCity("上海市");
        Student st2 = (Student) st1.clone();
        System.out.println(st2.getName());
        st1.setName("zhangsan");
        System.out.println(st2.getName());
        System.out.println(st2.getAddress().getCity());
        st1.getAddress().setCity("杭州市");
        System.out.println(st2.getAddress().getCity());
    }
}
public class Address {
    private String city;

    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }

    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
}
//输出结果，我们发现st1修改name不影响st2,但是修改address对象中的city属性则会影响st2,因为浅拷贝将引用对象的地址复制一份给克隆对象
yida
yida
上海市
杭州市

在浅克隆中，如果原型对象的成员变量是值类型，将复制一份给克隆对象；如果原型对象的成员变量是引用类型，则将引用对象的地址复制一份给克隆对象，也就是说原型对象和克隆对象的成员变量指向相同的内存地址。

深拷贝

1. 被复制的类实现Cloneable接口,并且被复制的类中的引用对象也要实现Cloneable接口
2. 覆盖clone()方法，访问修饰符设为public。方法中调用super.clone()方法得到需要的复制对象。同时复制的类中的clone方法还需要调用引用对象的clone()方法，并赋值给引用变量。

public class Student implements Cloneable{
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private Address address = new Address();

    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public Object clone()  {
        Student student = null;
        try {
            student = (Student) super.clone();
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        student.address =(Address) address.clone();
        return student;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student st1 = new Student();
        st1.setName("yida");
        st1.getAddress().setCity("上海市");
        Student st2 = (Student) st1.clone();
        System.out.println(st2.getName());
        st1.setName("zhangsan");
        System.out.println(st2.getName());
        System.out.println(st2.getAddress().getCity());
        st1.getAddress().setCity("杭州市");
        System.out.println(st2.getAddress().getCity());
    }
}
public class Address implements Cloneable{
    private String city;

    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }

    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone()  {
        Address address =null;
        try {
            address =(Address) super.clone();
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return address;
    }
}

BeanUtils工具类实现浅拷贝

import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;

public class Student implements Cloneable{
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private Address address = new Address();

    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public Object clone()  {
        Student student = null;
        try {
            student = (Student) super.clone();
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        student.address =(Address) address.clone();
        return student;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student st1 = new Student();
        st1.setName("yida");
        st1.getAddress().setCity("上海市");
        Student st2 = new Student();
        BeanUtils.copyProperties(st1,st2);
        System.out.println(st2.getName());
        st1.setName("zhangsan");
        System.out.println(st2.getName());
        System.out.println(st2.getAddress().getCity());
        st1.getAddress().setCity("杭州市");
        System.out.println(st2.getAddress().getCity());
    }
}