图像处理作业
1
取 s = T ( r ) = 1 1 + ( m r ) E s=T(r)=\frac{1}{1+(\frac{m}{r})^E} s=T(r)=1+(rm)E1
其中 r r r为原始亮度, m m m为输入区间的中点, E E E描述曲线的陡峭程度
2
一幅8灰度级图像具有如下所示的直方图,求直方图均衡后的灰度级和对应概率,并画出均衡后的直方图的示意图。(图中的8个不同灰度级对应的归一化直方图为[0.17 0.25 0.21 0.16 0.07 0.08 0.04 0.02])
s
0
=
7
∑
j
=
0
0
p
(
r
j
)
=
1.19
s_0 = 7\sum_{j=0}^{0}p(r_j)=1.19
s0=7∑j=00p(rj)=1.19
s
1
=
7
∑
j
=
0
1
p
(
r
j
)
=
2.94
s_1 = 7\sum_{j=0}^{1}p(r_j)=2.94
s1=7∑j=01p(rj)=2.94
s
2
=
7
∑
j
=
0
2
p
(
r
j
)
=
4.41
s_2 = 7\sum_{j=0}^{2}p(r_j)=4.41
s2=7∑j=02p(rj)=4.41
s
3
=
7
∑
j
=
0
3
p
(
r
j
)
=
5.53
s_3 = 7\sum_{j=0}^{3}p(r_j)=5.53
s3=7∑j=03p(rj)=5.53
s
4
=
7
∑
j
=
0
4
p
(
r
j
)
=
6.02
s_4 = 7\sum_{j=0}^{4}p(r_j)=6.02
s4=7∑j=04p(rj)=6.02
s
5
=
7
∑
j
=
0
5
p
(
r
j
)
=
6.58
s_5 = 7\sum_{j=0}^{5}p(r_j)=6.58
s5=7∑j=05p(rj)=6.58
s
6
=
7
∑
j
=
0
6
p
(
r
j
)
=
6.68
s_6 = 7\sum_{j=0}^{6}p(r_j)=6.68
s6=7∑j=06p(rj)=6.68
s
7
=
7
∑
j
=
0
7
p
(
r
j
)
=
7.00
s_7 = 7\sum_{j=0}^{7}p(r_j)=7.00
s7=7∑j=07p(rj)=7.00
将其四舍五入到最接近的整数中去:
s 0 = 1 , s 1 = 3 , s 2 = 4 , s 3 = 6 , s 4 = 6 , s 5 = 7 , s 6 = 7 , s 7 = 7 s_0=1,s_1 = 3,s_2=4,s_3=6,s_4 = 6,s_5=7,s_6=7,s_7=7 s0=1,s1=3,s2=4,s3=6,s4=6,s5=7,s6=7,s7=7
均衡后的直方图如下图所示。
3
(选做题)课本习题3.6。对于离散的情况,用matlab进行一下实验。
对于连续的情况,直方图均衡公式如下
s = ∫ 0 r p r ( x ) d x s = \int_0^rp_r(x)dx s=∫0rpr(x)dx
可知
d s d r = p r ( r ) \frac{ds}{dr}=p_r(r) drds=pr(r)
p s ( s ) = p r ( r ) ∗ 1 p r ( r ) = 1 p_s(s)=p_r(r)*\frac{1}{p_r(r)}=1 ps(s)=pr(r)∗pr(r)1=1
再次做直方图均衡时
p z ( z ) = p s ( s ) = 1 p_z(z)=p_s(s)=1 pz(z)=ps(s)=1
z
=
∫
0
s
p
s
(
x
)
d
x
=
s
z=\int_0^sp_s(x)dx=s
z=∫0sps(x)dx=s
因此,再次做直方图均衡之后,不会发生改变。
离散的情况下:
4
完成课本数字图像处理第二版114页,习题3.10。
∫ 0 T ( r ) p z ( x ) d x = ∫ 0 r p r ( x ) d x \int_0^{T(r)} p_z(x)dx=\int_0^rp_r(x)dx ∫0T(r)pz(x)dx=∫0rpr(x)dx
由于 p z ( x ) = 2 ∗ x , p r ( x ) = 2 − 2 ∗ x p_z(x)=2*x,p_r(x)=2-2*x pz(x)=2∗x,pr(x)=2−2∗x
∫ 0 T ( r ) p z ( x ) d x = ∫ 0 r p r ( x ) d x = ∫ 0 T ( r ) 2 x d x = ∫ 0 r 2 − 2 x d x \int_0^{T(r)} p_z(x)dx=\int_0^rp_r(x)dx=\int_0^{T(r)}2xdx=\int_0^r2-2xdx ∫0T(r)pz(x)dx=∫0rpr(x)dx=∫0T(r)2xdx=∫0r2−2xdx
( T ( r ) ) 2 = 2 r − r 2 (T(r))^2=2r-r^2 (T(r))2=2r−r2
T ( r ) = 2 r − r 2 T(r)=\sqrt {2r-r^2} T(r)=2r−r2