SQL练习

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-05 15:44:25 发布

时空恋旅人

最新推荐文章于 2022-04-05 15:44:25 发布

阅读量1k

点赞数 2

分类专栏： MySql全卷

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_37650458/article/details/95476305

版权

MySql全卷专栏收录该内容

18 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

连接：https://blog.csdn.net/fashion2014/article/details/78826299

1.sql如下

–1.学生表
Student(s_id,s_name,s_birth,s_sex) --学生编号,学生姓名, 出生年月,学生性别
–2.课程表
Course(c_id,c_name,t_id) – --课程编号, 课程名称, 教师编号
–3.教师表
Teacher(t_id,t_name) --教师编号,教师姓名
–4.成绩表
Score(s_id,c_id,s_score) --学生编号,课程编号,分数

--建表
--学生表
CREATE TABLE `Student`(
	`s_id` VARCHAR(20),
	`s_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
	`s_birth` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
	`s_sex` VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
	PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`)
);
--课程表
CREATE TABLE `Course`(
	`c_id`  VARCHAR(20),
	`c_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
	`t_id` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY(`c_id`)
);
--教师表
CREATE TABLE `Teacher`(
	`t_id` VARCHAR(20),
	`t_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
	PRIMARY KEY(`t_id`)
);
--成绩表
CREATE TABLE `Score`(
	`s_id` VARCHAR(20),
	`c_id`  VARCHAR(20),
	`s_score` INT(3),
	PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`,`c_id`)
);
--插入学生表测试数据
insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-05-20' , '男');
insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-08-06' , '男');
insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('08' , '王菊' , '1990-01-20' , '女');
--课程表测试数据
insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');

--教师表测试数据
insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');

--成绩表测试数据
insert into Score values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into Score values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into Score values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into Score values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into Score values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into Score values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into Score values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into Score values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into Score values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into Score values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into Score values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into Score values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into Score values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into Score values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into Score values('07' , '03' , 98);

1.查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数

这样做三张表的关联查询，首先可以分别查询课程01的成绩和学生的id,课程02和学生的id,然后做一个条件关联，学生id相等和课程01成绩大于课程02成绩，这样就拿到了学生的id和课程01分数大于课程02分数的课程分数。然后再与student表做关联查询，找到学生的信息。

我写的：

SELECT cc.s_name,dd.s_id,dd.class1,dd.class2 FROM student cc  JOIN (	
             SELECT aa.s_id,aa.s_score as class1,bb.s_score as class2  FROM (
                  (SELECT a.s_id,a.s_score FROM score a where a.c_id='01') as aa,
                  (SELECT b.s_id,b.s_score FROM score b where b.c_id='02') as bb
           ) WHERE aa.s_id=bb.s_id AND aa.s_score>bb.s_score
)  dd ON dd.s_id =cc.s_id

别人写的;

select a.* ,b.s_score as 01_score,c.s_score as 02_score from student a 
	join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id and b.c_id='01'
	left join score c on a.s_id=c.s_id and c.c_id='02' or c.c_id = NULL where b.s_score>c.s_score

2.查询平均成绩大于等于 60 分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

需要查询两张表，先查询成绩表，学生的平均成绩，保留两位小数。然后内联学生表即可

SELECT b.s_id,b.s_name, tmp.average FROM 
  (SELECT a.s_id as id,ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2) AS average 
  FROM score a  
  GROUP BY a.s_id HAVING AVG(a.s_score) >=60 ) AS tmp
JOIN student b ON b.s_id=tmp.id

我第二次写的SQL：

SELECT a.*, ROUND(AVG(b.s_score),2) AS avg
FROM student a
JOIN score b
ON a.s_id=b.s_id 
GROUP BY b.s_id 
HAVING avg>=60

3. 查询平均成绩小于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩,(包括有成绩的和无成绩的)

有些学生在成绩表中没有数据，所以平均成绩小于60分的应该包含这一部分。他们要拿出来单独处理，并且没有成绩平均成绩就给他赋值为0.使用到了关键字union和关键字distinct

SELECT b.s_id,b.s_name, tmp.average FROM 
     (SELECT a.s_id as id,ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2) AS average 
       FROM score a  GROUP BY a.s_id HAVING AVG(a.s_score) <60 ) AS tmp
JOIN student b ON b.s_id=tmp.id
UNION
SELECT  a.s_id,a.s_name, 0 AS average FROM student a WHERE a.s_id NOT IN(
 SELECT  DISTINCT s_id FROM score
)

4.查询在 SC 表存在成绩的学生信息

SELECT * FROM student b WHERE b.s_id IN (
SELECT DISTINCT a.s_id FROM score a WHERE a.s_score IS NOT NULL AND a.s_score IS NOT NULL )

5.查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩

需要查询两张表的信息，并且是所有学生的成绩，也就是在成绩表里面没有的学生也要显示出来。

SELECT b.s_id,b.s_name,aa.totalcours,aa.totalscore FROM student b LEFT JOIN 
(SELECT a.s_id, COUNT(a.s_id) AS totalcours ,SUM(a.s_score) AS totalscore FROM  score a  GROUP BY a.s_id ) AS aa
ON aa.s_id=b.s_id

6.查询"李"姓老师的数量

 SELECT COUNT(*) FROM teacher t WHERE t.t_name LIKE '李%'

7.查询学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息

先要查询老师表，找到张三老师，然后找到张三老师教的课，然后找到成绩表，然后找到学生的信息

 SELECT d.s_name FROM teacher a 
    JOIN course b ON a.t_id=b.t_id 
    JOIN score c ON c.c_id=b.c_id  
	JOIN student d ON d.s_id=c.s_id
	WHERE a.t_name LIKE '张三'

8.查询没学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息

SELECT * FROM student e WHERE e.s_id NOT IN (
  SELECT d.s_id FROM teacher a JOIN course b ON a.t_id=b.t_id 
  JOIN score c ON c.c_id=b.c_id  
  JOIN student d ON d.s_id=c.s_id
	 WHERE a.t_name LIKE '张三' )

9.查询学过编号为"01"并且也学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息

SELECT * FROM student c WHERE c.s_id IN (
  SELECT tmp.s_id FROM (
    SELECT a.s_id FROM score a WHERE a.c_id='02' 
    UNION ALL
    SELECT b.s_id FROM score b WHERE b.c_id='01' ) AS tmp 	
		 GROUP BY tmp.s_id HAVING COUNT(tmp.s_id)=2
		)

别人写的：

SELECT * FROM student a JOIN 
   (SELECT DISTINCT  c.s_id FROM score b,score c WHERE b.c_id='01' AND c.c_id='02' AND b.s_id=c.s_id ) AS d
	 ON a.s_id=d.s_id

10.查询学过编号为"01"但是没有学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息

查询学生的信息，需要id,这个学生的id在课程编号为01的表里，不在课程编号为02的表里。

SELECT * FROM student a WHERE  a.s_id  
IN (SELECT a.s_id FROM score a WHERE a.c_id='01' )
AND a.s_id  NOT IN (SELECT b.s_id FROM score b WHERE b.c_id = '02')

11.查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息

关联学生表和成绩表，按照学生的id进行分组，如果数量小于课程的总数就没有选全，因为查找所有学生的信息，所以需要左联学生表

SELECT a.* FROM student a LEFT JOIN score b 
ON a.s_id= b.s_id  
GROUP BY a.s_id 
HAVING COUNT(a.s_id) < (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM course )

12.查询至少有一门课与学号为"01"的同学所学相同的同学的信息

select * from student where s_id in(
	select distinct a.s_id from score a where a.c_id in(select a.c_id from score a where a.s_id='01')
)

13.查询和"01"号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息

先找到学了01号同学课程的同学，他们或许只有一门课相同，然后我按学号分组，组数据少于01号同学课程数的都不要，然后关联student表查询，排除01号同学自己。

SELECT * FROM student c WHERE c.s_id IN ( 
 SELECT  b.s_id FROM score b WHERE b.c_id IN (  SELECT a.c_id FROM score a WHERE a.s_id='01') 
 GROUP BY  b.s_id 
 HAVING COUNT(b.s_id)=(SELECT COUNT(a.c_id) FROM score a WHERE a.s_id='01') 
 ) AND c.s_id NOT IN ('01')

14.查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名

首先找到张三老师授课的课程id,其次找到上过这课的学生，然后查找学生时过滤这些id即可

SELECT d.* FROM student d WHERE d.s_id NOT IN (
    SELECT  c.s_id FROM score c WHERE c.c_id = (
      SELECT b.c_id FROM teacher a JOIN course b ON a.t_id=b.t_id WHERE a.t_name='张三')
)

15.查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号，姓名及其平均成绩

先查询成绩表，筛选条件是分数低于60,然后按照学号分组，统计不及格数大于两门的，然后计算平均成绩，最后和学生表进行关联查询。

SELECT tmp.s_id,b.s_name ,tmp.average FROM student b JOIN (
SELECT a.s_id, ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2 ) AS average, COUNT(a.s_id) AS num  
FROM score a 
WHERE a.s_score<60  
GROUP BY a.s_id 
HAVING COUNT(a.s_id)>=2) AS tmp
ON b.s_id=tmp.s_id

16.检索"01"课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的学生信息

查询成绩表，筛选条件为课程id为01,分数低于六十，然后与学生表关联再降序

	SELECT b.*,tmp.s_score FROM student b JOIN (
	SELECT a.* FROM score a WHERE a.c_id='01' AND a.s_score<60 ) AS tmp
	ON b.s_id=tmp.s_id ORDER BY tmp.s_score DESC

17.按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩

首先查询每门课程的成绩，并生成新的列显示，此时一个用户可能有很多条数据，不用管，直接按照ID分组，然后求平均即可，这里的平均是横向列表不同成绩的平均，所以每列的名字要一样。最终其实就只查询了一个表。

SELECT  d.s_id , 
(SELECT s_score FROM score  WHERE c_id='01' AND d.s_id= s_id) AS 语文,
(SELECT s_score FROM score  WHERE c_id='02' AND d.s_id= s_id) AS 数学,
(SELECT s_score FROM score  WHERE c_id='03' AND d.s_id= s_id) AS 英语,
ROUND(AVG(s_score),2) AS average
FROM score d  GROUP BY d.s_id ORDER BY average DESC

18.查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分：以如下形式显示：
课程ID，课程name，最高分，最低分，平均分，及格率，中等率，优良率，优秀率

首先是课程表和成绩表的联合查询，其次按照课程号进行分组，利用内置函数求出最大，最小，平均值，然后利用case 关键字和sum函数做分组统计，最后要注意一个分组的条件不仅仅只有课程的id

SELECT a.c_id AS 课程ID,a.c_name AS 课程name ,
MAX(s_score) AS 最高分,MIN(s_score) AS 最低分 ,AVG(s_score) AS 平均分,
   (SUM(CASE WHEN b.s_score>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END )/SUM(CASE WHEN b.s_score THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)) AS 及格率,
  (SUM(CASE WHEN b.s_score>=70 AND b.s_score<=80 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END )/SUM(CASE WHEN b.s_score THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)) AS 中等率
FROM course a JOIN score b ON a.c_id=b.c_id GROUP BY b.c_id,a.c_name

19.查询出只有两门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名

SELECT a.s_name, COUNT(b.c_id) AS num FROM student a JOIN score b ON a.s_id=b.s_id 
GROUP BY b.s_id,a.s_name HAVING num=2

20.查询男生、女生人数

SELECT s_sex, COUNT(s_sex) FROM student GROUP BY s_sex

SELECT
SUM(CASE WHEN s_sex='男' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END ) AS 男,
SUM(CASE WHEN s_sex='女' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END ) AS 女
FROM student

21.查询同名同性学生名单，并统计同名人数

SELECT a.s_name,a.s_sex,count(*) FROM student a 
JOIN student b 
ON a.s_name=b.s_name AND a.s_sex =b.s_sex AND a.s_id !=b.s_id
GROUP BY a.s_name,a.s_sex

22.查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩降序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程编号升序排列

SELECT a.c_id , AVG(a.s_score)
FROM score a 
GROUP BY a.c_id 
ORDER BY AVG(a.s_score) DESC  ,a.c_id ASC

23.查询平均成绩大于等于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩

SELECT a.s_id, a.s_name, AVG(b.s_score) average
FROM student a
JOIN score b
ON a.s_id=b.s_id
GROUP BY a.s_id, a.s_name
HAVING average >=85

24.查询课程名称为"数学"，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数

SELECT  c.s_name,b.s_score
FROM course a
JOIN score b 
ON  a.c_id=b.c_id
JOIN student c 
ON c.s_id=b.s_id
WHERE a.c_name='数学' AND b.s_score<60

25.查询所有学生的课程及分数情况；

先是成绩表和成绩表做关联，查到每一科的成绩，然后再做求和，查到总成绩，然后关联学生表找学生的信息。

SELECT b.s_name,tmp.*
FROM student b
LEFT JOIN
  (SELECT a.s_id,
    (SELECT s_score FROM score WHERE c_id='01' AND a.s_id=s_id) AS 语文,
	  (SELECT s_score FROM score WHERE c_id='02' AND a.s_id=s_id) AS 数学,
	  (SELECT s_score FROM score WHERE c_id='03' AND a.s_id=s_id) AS 英语,
    SUM(s_score) AS 总分
  FROM score a
  GROUP BY a.s_id) AS tmp
ON b.s_id =tmp.s_id

26.查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数；

SELECT a.s_name,c.c_name,b.s_score
FROM
student a
JOIN score b
ON a.s_id=b.s_id
JOIN course c
ON b.c_id=c.c_id
WHERE b.s_score>=70

27.查询不及格的课程

SELECT a.c_name,b.s_id,b.s_score
FROM course a
JOIN score b
ON a.c_id=b.c_id
WHERE b.s_score <60

28.查询课程编号为01且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名；

SELECT a.s_name,c.c_name,b.s_score
FROM
student a
JOIN score b
ON a.s_id=b.s_id
JOIN course c
ON b.c_id=c.c_id
WHERE b.s_score>=80 AND b.c_id='01'

29.查询选修"张三"老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩

先要查询一下最高分，可能有相同的分数，如果有做该分相同的情况出现，那么就要使用左连接。

SELECT a.s_name,c.c_name,b.s_score
FROM
student a
JOIN score b
ON a.s_id=b.s_id
JOIN course c
ON b.c_id=c.c_id
JOIN teacher d
ON d.t_id=c.t_id
WHERE  d.t_name='张三' 
ORDER BY b.s_score 
DESC LIMIT 1

30.查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩

这样理解这句话，当学生的成绩相同但是课程不同的时候找出这些学生

select DISTINCT b.s_id,b.c_id,b.s_score f
rom score a,score b 
where a.c_id != b.c_id and a.s_score = b.s_score

31.查询每门功成绩最好的前两名


select a.s_id,a.c_id,a.s_score from score a
where (select COUNT(1) from score b where b.c_id=a.c_id and b.s_score>=a.s_score)<=2 
ORDER BY a.c_id

32.统计每门课程的学生选修人数（超过5人的课程才统计）。要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列

SELECT a.c_id,COUNT(*) AS num 
FROM score a 
GROUP BY a.c_id 
HAVING num>=5 
ORDER BY num ,a.c_id ASC

33.检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号

SELECT s_id,COUNT(s_id) AS total
FROM score 
GROUP BY s_id  
HAVING total>=2

34.查询选修了全部课程的学生信息

SELECT a.*
FROM student a
WHERE a.s_id IN(
SELECT b.s_id FROM score b GROUP BY b.s_id HAVING COUNT(b.s_id) =(SELECT COUNT(c_id) FROM course)
)

35.查询各学生的年龄

现在的年份减生日的年份，然后如果当前的月份大于生日的月份就再加1

SELECT s_birth,(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y'))-(DATE_FORMAT(s_birth,'%Y'))-
(CASE WHEN (DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%m%d'))>(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%m%d')) THEN 0 ELSE 1 END) AS age
FROM student

36.查询本周过生日的学生

使用WEEK函数拿到当前的日期周数，和拿到出生年月的日期周数，对比是否一致

SELECT *
FROM student 
WHERE WEEK(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d'))=WEEK(s_birth)

37.查询下周过生日的学生

SELECT *
FROM student 
WHERE WEEK(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d'))+1=WEEK(s_birth)

38.查询本月过生日的学生

select * from student where MONTH(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d')) =MONTH(s_birth)

39.查询下月过生日的学生

select * from student where MONTH(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d'))+1 =MONTH(s_birth)

时空恋旅人

关注

2
点赞
踩
4

收藏

觉得还不错? 一键收藏
打赏
0
评论
复制链接

分享到 QQ

分享到新浪微博

扫一扫

专栏目录