C++语法学习笔记

CameraBase.h

#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_CAMERA_BASE_H
#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_CAMERA_BASE_H

#include <android/hardware/ICameraServiceListener.h>

#include <utils/Mutex.h>
#include <binder/BinderService.h>

struct camera_frame_metadata;

namespace android {

namespace hardware {


class ICameraService;
class ICameraServiceListener;

enum {
    /** The facing of the camera is opposite to that of the screen. */
    CAMERA_FACING_BACK = 0,
    /** The facing of the camera is the same as that of the screen. */
    CAMERA_FACING_FRONT = 1,
};

struct CameraInfo : public android::Parcelable {
    /**
     * The direction that the camera faces to. It should be CAMERA_FACING_BACK
     * or CAMERA_FACING_FRONT.
     */
    int facing;

    /**
     * The orientation of the camera image. The value is the angle that the
     * camera image needs to be rotated clockwise so it shows correctly on the
     * display in its natural orientation. It should be 0, 90, 180, or 270.
     *
     * For example, suppose a device has a naturally tall screen. The
     * back-facing camera sensor is mounted in landscape. You are looking at
     * the screen. If the top side of the camera sensor is aligned with the
     * right edge of the screen in natural orientation, the value should be
     * 90. If the top side of a front-facing camera sensor is aligned with the
     * right of the screen, the value should be 270.
     */
    int orientation;

    virtual status_t writeToParcel(android::Parcel* parcel) const;
    virtual status_t readFromParcel(const android::Parcel* parcel);

};

/**
 * Basic status information about a camera device - its name and its current
 * state.
 */
struct CameraStatus : public android::Parcelable {
    /**
     * The name of the camera device
     */
    String8 cameraId;

    /**
     * Its current status, one of the ICameraService::STATUS_* fields
     */
    int32_t status;

    virtual status_t writeToParcel(android::Parcel* parcel) const;
    virtual status_t readFromParcel(const android::Parcel* parcel);

    CameraStatus(String8 id, int32_t s) : cameraId(id), status(s) {}
    CameraStatus() : status(ICameraServiceListener::STATUS_PRESENT) {}
};

} // namespace hardware

using hardware::CameraInfo;


template <typename TCam>
struct CameraTraits {
};

template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits = CameraTraits<TCam> >
class CameraBase : public IBinder::DeathRecipient
{
public:
    typedef typename TCamTraits::TCamListener       TCamListener;
    typedef typename TCamTraits::TCamUser           TCamUser;
    typedef typename TCamTraits::TCamCallbacks      TCamCallbacks;
    typedef typename TCamTraits::TCamConnectService TCamConnectService;

    static sp<TCam>      connect(int cameraId,
                                 const String16& clientPackageName,
                                 int clientUid, int clientPid);
    virtual void         disconnect();

    void                 setListener(const sp<TCamListener>& listener);

    static int           getNumberOfCameras();

    static status_t      getCameraInfo(int cameraId,
                                       /*out*/
                                       struct hardware::CameraInfo* cameraInfo);

    sp<TCamUser>         remote();

    // Status is set to 'UNKNOWN_ERROR' after successful (re)connection
    status_t             getStatus();

protected:
    CameraBase(int cameraId);
    virtual              ~CameraBase();

    
    // TCamCallbacks implementation
    
    virtual void         notifyCallback(int32_t msgType, int32_t ext,
                                        int32_t ext2);

    
    // Common instance variables
    
    Mutex                            mLock;

    virtual void                     binderDied(const wp<IBinder>& who);

    // helper function to obtain camera service handle
    static const sp<::android::hardware::ICameraService> getCameraService();

    sp<TCamUser>                     mCamera;
    status_t                         mStatus;

    sp<TCamListener>                 mListener;

    const int                        mCameraId;

    typedef CameraBase<TCam>         CameraBaseT;
};

}; // namespace android

CameraBase.cpp

//#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
#define LOG_TAG "CameraBase"
#include <utils/Log.h>
#include <utils/threads.h>
#include <utils/Mutex.h>
#include <cutils/properties.h>

#include <android/hardware/ICameraService.h>

#include <binder/IPCThreadState.h>
#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
#include <binder/IMemory.h>

#include <camera/CameraBase.h>

// needed to instantiate
#include <camera/Camera.h>

#include <system/camera_metadata.h>

namespace android {

namespace hardware {

status_t CameraInfo::writeToParcel(android::Parcel* parcel) const {
    status_t res;
    res = parcel->writeInt32(facing);
    if (res != OK) return res;
    res = parcel->writeInt32(orientation);
    return res;
}

status_t CameraInfo::readFromParcel(const android::Parcel* parcel) {
    status_t res;
    res = parcel->readInt32(&facing);
    if (res != OK) return res;
    res = parcel->readInt32(&orientation);
    return res;
}

status_t CameraStatus::writeToParcel(android::Parcel* parcel) const {
    auto res = parcel->writeString16(String16(cameraId));
    if (res != OK) return res;

    res = parcel->writeInt32(status);
    return res;
}

status_t CameraStatus::readFromParcel(const android::Parcel* parcel) {
    String16 tempCameraId;
    auto res = parcel->readString16(&tempCameraId);
    if (res != OK) return res;
    cameraId = String8(tempCameraId);

    res = parcel->readInt32(&status);
    return res;
}

} // namespace hardware

namespace {
    sp<::android::hardware::ICameraService> gCameraService;
    const int                 kCameraServicePollDelay = 500000; // 0.5s
    const char*               kCameraServiceName      = "media.camera";

    Mutex                     gLock;

    class DeathNotifier : public IBinder::DeathRecipient
    {
    public:
        DeathNotifier() {
        }

        virtual void binderDied(const wp<IBinder>& /*who*/) {
            ALOGV("binderDied");
            Mutex::Autolock _l(gLock);
            gCameraService.clear();
            ALOGW("Camera service died!");
        }
    };

    sp<DeathNotifier>         gDeathNotifier;
}; // namespace anonymous

///
// CameraBase definition
///

// establish binder interface to camera service
template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits>
const sp<::android::hardware::ICameraService> CameraBase<TCam, TCamTraits>::getCameraService()
{
    Mutex::Autolock _l(gLock);
    if (gCameraService.get() == 0) {
        char value[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
        property_get("config.disable_cameraservice", value, "0");
        if (strncmp(value, "0", 2) != 0 && strncasecmp(value, "false", 6) != 0) {
            return gCameraService;
        }

        sp<IServiceManager> sm = defaultServiceManager();
        sp<IBinder> binder;
        do {
            binder = sm->getService(String16(kCameraServiceName));
            if (binder != 0) {
                break;
            }
            ALOGW("CameraService not published, waiting...");
            usleep(kCameraServicePollDelay);
        } while(true);
        if (gDeathNotifier == NULL) {
            gDeathNotifier = new DeathNotifier();
        }
        binder->linkToDeath(gDeathNotifier);
        gCameraService = interface_cast<::android::hardware::ICameraService>(binder);
    }
    ALOGE_IF(gCameraService == 0, "no CameraService!?");
    return gCameraService;
}

template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits>
sp<TCam> CameraBase<TCam, TCamTraits>::connect(int cameraId,
                                               const String16& clientPackageName,
                                               int clientUid, int clientPid)
{
    ALOGV("%s: connect", __FUNCTION__);
    sp<TCam> c = new TCam(cameraId);
    sp<TCamCallbacks> cl = c;
    const sp<::android::hardware::ICameraService> cs = getCameraService();

    binder::Status ret;
    if (cs != nullptr) {
        TCamConnectService fnConnectService = TCamTraits::fnConnectService;
        ret = (cs.get()->*fnConnectService)(cl, cameraId, clientPackageName, clientUid,
                                               clientPid, /*out*/ &c->mCamera);
    }
    if (ret.isOk() && c->mCamera != nullptr) {
        IInterface::asBinder(c->mCamera)->linkToDeath(c);
        c->mStatus = NO_ERROR;
    } else {
        ALOGW("An error occurred while connecting to camera %d: %s", cameraId,
                (cs == nullptr) ? "Service not available" : ret.toString8().string());
        c.clear();
    }
    return c;
}

template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits>
void CameraBase<TCam, TCamTraits>::disconnect()
{
    ALOGV("%s: disconnect", __FUNCTION__);
    if (mCamera != 0) {
        mCamera->disconnect();
        IInterface::asBinder(mCamera)->unlinkToDeath(this);
        mCamera = 0;
    }
    ALOGV("%s: disconnect (done)", __FUNCTION__);
}

template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits>
CameraBase<TCam, TCamTraits>::CameraBase(int cameraId) :
    mStatus(UNKNOWN_ERROR),
    mCameraId(cameraId)
{
}

template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits>
CameraBase<TCam, TCamTraits>::~CameraBase()
{
}

template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits>
sp<typename TCamTraits::TCamUser> CameraBase<TCam, TCamTraits>::remote()
{
    return mCamera;
}

template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits>
status_t CameraBase<TCam, TCamTraits>::getStatus()
{
    return mStatus;
}

template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits>
void CameraBase<TCam, TCamTraits>::binderDied(const wp<IBinder>& /*who*/) {
    ALOGW("mediaserver's remote binder Camera object died");
    notifyCallback(CAMERA_MSG_ERROR, CAMERA_ERROR_SERVER_DIED, /*ext2*/0);
}

template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits>
void CameraBase<TCam, TCamTraits>::setListener(const sp<TCamListener>& listener)
{
    Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
    mListener = listener;
}

// callback from camera service
template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits>
void CameraBase<TCam, TCamTraits>::notifyCallback(int32_t msgType,
                                                  int32_t ext1,
                                                  int32_t ext2)
{
    sp<TCamListener> listener;
    {
        Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
        listener = mListener;
    }
    if (listener != NULL) {
        listener->notify(msgType, ext1, ext2);
    }
}

template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits>
int CameraBase<TCam, TCamTraits>::getNumberOfCameras() {
    const sp<::android::hardware::ICameraService> cs = getCameraService();

    if (!cs.get()) {
        // as required by the public Java APIs
        return 0;
    }
    int32_t count;
    binder::Status res = cs->getNumberOfCameras(
            ::android::hardware::ICameraService::CAMERA_TYPE_BACKWARD_COMPATIBLE,
            &count);
    if (!res.isOk()) {
        ALOGE("Error reading number of cameras: %s",
                res.toString8().string());
        count = 1;
    }
    return count;
}

// this can be in BaseCamera but it should be an instance method
template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits>
status_t CameraBase<TCam, TCamTraits>::getCameraInfo(int cameraId,
        struct hardware::CameraInfo* cameraInfo) {
    const sp<::android::hardware::ICameraService> cs = getCameraService();
    if (cs == 0) return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
    binder::Status res = cs->getCameraInfo(cameraId, cameraInfo);
    return res.isOk() ? OK : res.serviceSpecificErrorCode();
}

template class CameraBase<Camera>;

} // namespace android

就照着这个C++文件来一句句学习
先看这句

#define LOG_TAG "CameraBase"

编译器在处理这个代码之前会对LOG_TAG 进行处理替换为"CameraBase"。

#include <utils/Log.h>

#include <> 的查找位置是标准库头文件所在目录， #include “” 的查找位置是当前源文件所在目录

namespace android

请看这位兄die的博客

status_t CameraInfo::writeToParcel(android::Parcel* parcel) const {
    status_t res;
    res = parcel->writeInt32(facing);
    if (res != OK) return res;
    res = parcel->writeInt32(orientation);
    return res;
}

作用域解析运算符（::）
表示定义某个域的函数或类型;
Test::Test()引用Test类的Test()构造函数;

表示调用全局的函数或类型;
::value引用全局变量;
例:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int value = 1;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int value = 10;

    cout<<::value<<endl;
    cout<<value<<endl;
    return 0;
}

c++ 函数前面和后面 使用const 的作用：

前面使用const 表示返回值为const

后面加 const表示函数不可以修改class的成员
例:

/*
 * FunctionConst.h
 */

#ifndef FUNCTIONCONST_H_
#define FUNCTIONCONST_H_

class FunctionConst {
public:
    int value;
    FunctionConst();
    virtual ~FunctionConst();
    const int getValue();
    int getValue2() const;
};

#endif /* FUNCTIONCONST_H_ */

/*
 * FunctionConst.cpp 
 */

#include "FunctionConst.h"

FunctionConst::FunctionConst():value(100) {
    // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

}

FunctionConst::~FunctionConst() {
    // TODO Auto-generated destructor stub
}

const int FunctionConst::getValue(){
    return value;//返回值是 const, 使用指针时很有用.
}

int FunctionConst::getValue2() const{
    //此函数不能修改class FunctionConst的成员函数 value
    value = 15;//错误的, 因为函数后面加 const
    return value;
}

点运算符“.”应用于实际的对象，箭头运算符“->”与一个指针对象的指针一起使用
例:

class A
{
public:
	int a = 0;
};
int main()
{
	A b;
	A *p = &b;
	b.a; //类型的对象访问类的成员
	p->a; //类型的指针访问类的成员
}

模板

template <typename TCam, typename TCamTraits>
status_t CameraBase<TCam, TCamTraits>::getCameraInfo(int cameraId,
        struct hardware::CameraInfo* cameraInfo) {
    const sp<::android::hardware::ICameraService> cs = getCameraService();
    if (cs == 0) return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
    binder::Status res = cs->getCameraInfo(cameraId, cameraInfo);
    return res.isOk() ? OK : res.serviceSpecificErrorCode();
}

C++的模板有点类似java的泛型看这个博客