这次是自己阅读JDK源码得到的一些顿悟,java集合类LinkList是数据结构链表的实现。
LinkedList继承了AbstractSequentiaList,主要实现了接口List里的方法。
public class LinkedList<E> extends AbstractSequentialList<E> implements List<E>, Deque<E>, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable链表头节点:
transient Node<E> first;
链表表尾节点:
transient Node<E> last;
1.1添加节点
使用前插法创建链表:每添加一个节点,都会在当前的链表头部添加一个节点,然后添加之后的节点成为这个链表的头部---(先进为尾,后进为头)。
public void addFirst(E e) { linkFirst(e); }
private void linkFirst(E e) { final Node<E> f = first; final Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(null, e, f); first = newNode; if (f == null) last = newNode; else f.prev = newNode; size++; modCount++; }使用后插法创建链表:当有节点添加进链表时,都会在当前链表的尾部添加该节点,链表add()方法默认时链表的后插法。 ---( 先进为头,后进为尾 )。
public void addLast(E e) { linkLast(e); }
public boolean add(E e) { linkLast(e); return true; }
void linkLast(E e) { final Node<E> l = last; final Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(l, e, null); last = newNode; if (l == null) first = newNode; else l.next = newNode; size++; modCount++; }1.2删除节点---删节点动作之前都要做判空处理。以免删空链表导致程序报错
删除头节点:将当前链表头的next所指向的地址,赋予给first节点。之后再将该节点的前缀赋予null。
public E removeFirst() { final Node<E> f = first; if (f == null) throw new NoSuchElementException(); return unlinkFirst(f); }
private E unlinkFirst(Node<E> f) { // assert f == first && f != null; final E element = f.item; final Node<E> next = f.next; f.item = null; f.next = null; // help GC first = next; if (next == null) last = null; else next.prev = null; size--; modCount++; return element; }删除链表尾节点:找出链表表尾的前缀所指向的地址,之后就是将原先未处理的链表表尾所指节点的next指针置为空。达到删除表尾元素的效果。
public E removeLast() { final Node<E> l = last; if (l == null) throw new NoSuchElementException(); return unlinkLast(l); }
private E unlinkLast(Node<E> l) { // assert l == last && l != null; final E element = l.item; final Node<E> prev = l.prev; l.item = null; l.prev = null; // help GC last = prev; if (prev == null) first = null; else prev.next = null; size--; modCount++; return element; }
删除特定节点:
public E remove(int index) { checkElementIndex(index); return unlink(node(index)); }
*删除链表中的节点: 包括前两种处理。是remove()方法的实现。获取要删除节点的prev所指节点和next做直接点。如果prev所指的节点为null,则表示要删除的节点是头结点,操作和removeFirst()相一致,如果是链表表尾节点,操作和removeLast()相一致。非上面两种情况,则会将的prev所指节点指向next所致的节点。
public boolean remove(Object o) { if (o == null) { for (Node<E> x = first; x != null; x = x.next) { if (x.item == null) { unlink(x); return true; } } } else { for (Node<E> x = first; x != null; x = x.next) { if (o.equals(x.item)) { unlink(x); return true; } } } return false; }
E unlink(Node<E> x) { // assert x != null; final E element = x.item; final Node<E> next = x.next; final Node<E> prev = x.prev; if (prev == null) { first = next; } else { prev.next = next; x.prev = null; } if (next == null) { last = prev; } else { next.prev = prev; x.next = null; } x.item = null; size--; modCount++; return element; }1.3添加所有节点:使用一个过度节点newNode来组装该链表。
public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> c) { return addAll(size, c); }
public boolean addAll(int index, Collection<? extends E> c) { checkPositionIndex(index); Object[] a = c.toArray(); int numNew = a.length; if (numNew == 0) return false; Node<E> pred, succ; if (index == size) { succ = null; pred = last; } else { succ = node(index); pred = succ.prev; } for (Object o : a) { @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E) o; Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(pred, e, null); if (pred == null) first = newNode; else pred.next = newNode; pred = newNode; } if (succ == null) { last = pred; } else { pred.next = succ; succ.prev = pred; } size += numNew; modCount++; return true; }1.4修改链表中特定的节点:
public E set(int index, E element) { checkElementIndex(index); Node<E> x = node(index); E oldVal = x.item; x.item = element; return oldVal; }1.5在特定的位置添加节点:
public void add(int index, E element) { checkPositionIndex(index); if (index == size) linkLast(element); else linkBefore(element, node(index)); }
void linkBefore(E e, Node<E> succ) { // assert succ != null; final Node<E> pred = succ.prev; final Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(pred, e, succ); succ.prev = newNode; if (pred == null) first = newNode; else pred.next = newNode; size++; modCount++; }
定位节点位置:
Node<E> node(int index) { // assert isElementIndex(index); if (index < (size >> 1)) { Node<E> x = first; for (int i = 0; i < index; i++) x = x.next; return x; } else { Node<E> x = last; for (int i = size - 1; i > index; i--) x = x.prev; return x; } }
1.6获取特定节点信息:
public E get(int index) { checkElementIndex(index); return node(index).item; }1.7清空链表信息:
public void clear() { // Clearing all of the links between nodes is "unnecessary", but: // - helps a generational GC if the discarded nodes inhabit // more than one generation // - is sure to free memory even if there is a reachable Iterator for (Node<E> x = first; x != null; ) { Node<E> next = x.next; x.item = null; x.next = null; x.prev = null; x = next; } first = last = null; size = 0; modCount++; }
平常在工作使用的比较多的,链表中的add(),addAll(),remove()get(),clear()方法的具体实现逻辑。笔者第一次写的博客,还有很多不足的地方,希望看过的博主们能提一提您宝贵的建议。
笔者目前是一个java小菜鸟,还在努力学习和成长中。技术的进步贵在交流。