Python学习日志-3

今天分享的是第四章的要点和部分课后习题的参考代码。

要点：

1、使用for遍历列表（别漏了冒号）.

2、避免缩进错误.

3、range（）的使用（range（）具有三个参数）.

4、min（）、max（）、sum（）分别用于找到数字列表的最小值、最大值和计算列表的和.

5、列表解析：列表解析将for循环和创建新元素的代码合并成一行，并自动附加新元素.

6、列表切片（参数正数和负数具有不同意义，正数表示从开头开始，负数表示从末尾开始）.个人理解列表切片可以理解成子列表.

7、切片（列表）的遍历和复制（直接用赋值号将两个列表相连，两个列表变量指向同一个列表）.

8、元组：元组元素无法修改，但是元组变量可以修改.

参考代码：

4-1

pizzas = ['pepperoni', 'onion', 'fish']
for pizza in pizzas:
	print("I like " + pizza + "pizza.")
print("I really love pizza!")

运行结果：

I like pepperonipizza.
I like onionpizza.
I like fishpizza.
[Finished in 0.0s]

4-2

animals = ["pig", "dog", "cat"]
for animal in animals:
	print("A " + animal + "would make a great pet.")
print("Any of these animals has four legs")

运行结果：

A pigwould make a great pet.
A dogwould make a great pet.
A catwould make a great pet.
Any of these animals has four legs
[Finished in 0.0s]

4-3

for value in range(1,21):
	print(value)

4-5

values = range(1,1000001)
print(min(values))
print(max(values))
print(sum(values))

运行结果：

1
1000000
500000500000
[Finished in 0.1s]

4-6

values = range(1,21,2)
for value in values:
	print(value)

运行结果：

1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
[Finished in 0.0s]

4-7

values = range(3,31,3)
for value in values:
	print(value)

运行结果：

3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
[Finished in 0.0s]

4-8

cubes = []
for  value in range(1,11):
	cube = value**3
	cubes.append(cube)

print(cubes)

运行结果：

[1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512, 729, 1000]
[Finished in 0.0s]

4-9

cubes = [value**3 for value in range(1,11)]
print(cubes)

运行结果：

[1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512, 729, 1000]
[Finished in 0.0s]

4-10

pizzas = ['pepperoni', 'onion', 'fish', 'fruit', 'beef' ]
print("The first three items in the list are:")
print(pizzas[0:3])

print("The middle three items in the list are:")
print(pizzas[1:4])

print("The last three items in the list are:")
print(pizzas[-3:])

运行结果：

The first three items in the list are:
['pepperoni', 'onion', 'fish']
The middle three items in the list are:
['onion', 'fish', 'fruit']
The last three items in the list are:
['fish', 'fruit', 'beef']
[Finished in 0.0s]

4-11

pizzas = ['pepperoni', 'onion', 'fish', 'fruit', 'beef' ]
friend_pizzas = pizzas[:]
pizzas.append('spicy')
friend_pizzas.append('sweat')

print("My favourite pizzas are:")
for pizza in pizzas:
	print(pizza)

print("My favourite pizzas are:")
for pizza in friend_pizzas:
	print(pizza)

运行结果：

My favourite pizzas are:
pepperoni
onion
fish
fruit
beef
spicy
My favourite pizzas are:
pepperoni
onion
fish
fruit
beef
sweat
[Finished in 0.0s]

4-12 略
4-13

foods = ('tomato','potato','fish','rice','pork')
for food in foods:
	print(food)

print()

foods = ('tomato','noodles','beef','rice','pork')
for food in foods:
	print(food)

foods[0]='beef'

运行结果：

tomato
potato
fish
rice
pork

tomato
noodles
beef
rice
pork
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/Jhhhha/Desktop/untitled", line 12, in <module>
    foods[0]='beef'
TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
[Finished in 0.0s with exit code 1]