Kafka consumer Job异常重置offset

一、业务场景

Kafka consumer 任务出现异常的时候如何保证数据的质量？在以往的经验中，为了保证数据的精准一次，使用mysql表记录下程序异时数据的partition和offset，任务重启的时候查询下mysql 表中是否有程序异常的记录，如果有就从mysql表中取出对应partition的offset，重置consumer的消费。以下案例为使用Kafka consumer消费kafka的数据，ETL之后写入HBase。

二、代码实践

package scala.com.qsq.report.consumer

import java.sql.ResultSet
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat
import java.util
import java.util.{Date, Properties}
import com.qsq.config.LoadConfig
import com.qsq.utils.hbase.HbaseClientObj
import com.qsq.utils.jdbc.C3p0Pools
import com.qsq.utils.JsonUtils
import com.qsq.utils.constant.Constants
import kafka.common.{OffsetAndMetadata, TopicAndPartition}
import kafka.consumer._

import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer

object MyConsumer {

  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val HBASE_A_RT_CREDIT = "bee:a_user"

    val dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")

    // kafka参数
    val props = new Properties()
    val zk = LoadConfig.getProperties(Constants.START_ENV_REALTIME, "kafka.zookeeper.quorum")
    props.put("zookeeper.connect", zk)
    props.put("group.id", "call_group")
    props.put("auto.offset.reset", "largest")
    props.put("fetch.message.max.bytes", "50000000")
    props.put("replica.fetch.max.bytes", "50000000")
    val config = new ConsumerConfig(props)

    // 创建consumer
    val consumer = kafka.consumer.Consumer.createJavaConsumerConnector(config)
    var hashMap = new util.HashMap[TopicAndPartition, OffsetAndMetadata]()
    val conn = C3p0Pools.getConnection()

    // 查询mysql表中记录
    val res: ResultSet = C3p0Pools.query(conn, """ SELECT * FROM shop.kafka_topic_info WHERE topics = ? AND type = 1 """, Array("u-rall"))

    // 有上次失败的记录
    while ( res.next() ) {
      println("恢复topic : " + res.getString("topics"))
      println("恢复partition: " + res.getInt("partitions"))
      println("恢复offset: " + res.getLong("offsets"))
      hashMap.put(TopicAndPartition(res.getString("topics") ,res.getInt("partitions")), OffsetAndMetadata( res.getLong("offsets") ))
    }
    conn.close()

    if (!hashMap.isEmpty) {
      println("恢复offset---------------------- " )
      consumer.commitOffsets( hashMap, true )
    }

    registerShutdownHook()
    // 开启3个线程
    run(3)
    def run(numThread: Int) = {

      println("run----------------------")
      val topicMap = new util.HashMap[String, Integer]()
      topicMap.put("u-rall", numThread)
      val decoder = new kafka.serializer.StringDecoder(null)
      val topicStreams = consumer.createMessageStreams(topicMap, decoder, decoder)
      val consumerStreams = topicStreams.values().iterator()
      while (consumerStreams.hasNext) {
        val streams: util.List[KafkaStream[String, String]] = consumerStreams.next()
        (0 until streams.size()).foreach(i => {
          val stream = streams.get(i).iterator
          new Thread(new Runnable {
            override def run(): Unit = {
              while (stream.hasNext()) {
                val mam = stream.next
                val message: String = mam.message()

                try {
                  if (message.size > 0) {

                    val jsonMsgObj = JsonUtils.getObjectFromJson(message)
                    val id = jsonMsgObj.getOrDefault("id", "").toString
                    val identity = jsonMsgObj.getOrDefault("identity", "").toString
                    val dataMsg = ArrayBuffer[(String, AnyRef)]()
                    dataMsg += (("id", id))
                    dataMsg += (("identity", identity))
                    dataMsg += (("data", message))
                    dataMsg += (("create_time", dateFormat.format(new Date())))

                    HbaseClientObj.getInstance().init(HBASE_A_RT_CREDIT)
                    HbaseClientObj.getInstance().put(id, "cf", dataMsg)

                    // 记录消息信息
                    val partition: Int = mam.partition
                    println("partition = " + partition + "  time: " + dateFormat.format(new Date()))
                    val offset: Long = mam.offset
                    println("offset = " + offset + "  time: " + dateFormat.format(new Date()))
                    val topic:String = mam.topic
                    println("topic = " + topic + "  time: " + dateFormat.format(new Date()))

                    try {
                      // 更新mysql
                      C3p0Pools.execute(
                        """
                          |INSERT INTO shop.kafka_topic_info
                          |( type, topics, partitions, offsets, create_date, update_date )
                          |VALUES
                          |( '1', ?, ?, ?, NOW(), NOW()  )
                          |ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE partitions = VALUES(partitions), offsets = VALUES(offsets), update_date = NOW()
                        """.stripMargin, Array(topic, partition, offset))
                    } catch {
                      case e: Exception =>
                        println( s"failed save to mysql ${e}" )
                    }

                  }
                } catch {
                  case e: Exception =>
                    e.printStackTrace()
                    println(s"failed consumer message ${e}")

                }
              }
            }
          }).start()
        })
      }
    }


    def release(): Unit = {
      try {
        println("release consumer...")
        consumer.shutdown
      } catch {
        case e: Exception => println(s"failed release consumer ${e}")
      }
    }

    def registerShutdownHook(): Unit = {
      Runtime.getRuntime.addShutdownHook(new Thread() {
        override def run(): Unit = {
          release
        }
      })
    }

    Thread.sleep(10000)
  }
}

三、总结

使用Kafka consumer的好处是比较轻量级，在数据量可控的情况下，占用资源少，采用mysql来记录异常的offset信息虽然带来额外的系统开销，却能使数据更加可靠，可以指定从任意的offset开始消费，方便灵活。