Android-AsyncTask异步任务（一）

需求：使用AsyncTask异步任务，下载网络图片

一、在主线程中操作耗时任务会导致异常

因为在新版Android平台不允许直接在UI线程中建立网络连接、访问网络资源。在UI线程中操作耗时任务（访问网络），将会导致 android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException异常。

1、在AndroidManifest.xml中添加网络授权

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

2、新版Android平台取消了对HttpClient的支持，需要在Gradle Scripts--->build.gradle中添加下面一句话

useLibrary 'org.apache.http.legacy'

3、MainActivity代码实现

package com.example.zhaoyc.asynctaskdemo;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;

import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

import java.io.IOException;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private  Button button;
    private ImageView imageView;
    private String img_path = "https://ss0.bdstatic.com/5aV1bjqh_Q23odCf/static/superman/img/logo/bd_logo1_31bdc765.png";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button);
        imageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView);

        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                        //不能在UI的主线程里面访问网络，会导致异常
                        HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
                        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(img_path);
                        try {
                            httpClient.execute(httpGet);
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
            }
        });
    }
}

4、运行后点击Button，抛出异常

 

二、使用AsyncTask处理耗时任务

1、MainActivity代码实现

package com.example.zhaoyc.asynctaskdemo;

import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private  Button button;
    private ImageView imageView;
    private String img_path = "https://ss0.bdstatic.com/5aV1bjqh_Q23odCf/static/superman/img/logo/bd_logo1_31bdc765.png";
    private ProgressDialog progressDialog;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button);
        imageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView);
        progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(this);
        progressDialog.setTitle("提示信息");
        progressDialog.setMessage("正在下载,请稍候...");

        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //执行异步任务的操作
                new MyTask().execute(img_path);
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 使用异步任务的规则：
     * 1、声明一个类继承AsyncTask,标注三个参数
     * 第一个参数表示要执行的任务,通常是网络的路径；
     * 第二个参数表示进度的刻度；
     * 第三个参数表示任务的返回结果
     */
    public class MyTask extends AsyncTask<String,Void,Bitmap>{

        //表示任务执行之前的操作
        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            super.onPreExecute();
            progressDialog.show();
        }

        //主要是完成耗时操作
        @Override
        protected Bitmap doInBackground(String... params) {
            //使用网络连接类HttpClient类完成对网络数据的提取
            HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(params[0]);
            Bitmap bitmap = null;
            try {
                HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
                if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200){
                    HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
                    byte[] data = EntityUtils.toByteArray(httpEntity);
                    bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data,0,data.length);
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            return bitmap;
        }

        //主要是更新UI操作
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap bitmap) {
            super.onPostExecute(bitmap);
            imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
            progressDialog.dismiss();
        }
    }
}

2、运行结果