笔记20230506

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已于 2023-05-11 09:45:01 修改

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于 2023-05-06 19:06:38 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38548467/article/details/130525988

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笔记

ubuntu 安装VMware Tools

在这里插入图片描述
重启后双击打开"VMware Tools"的光盘图标，将压缩包复制到桌面。
命令：

cd Desktop
tar -xzvf xxx.gz # 解压
cd xxx
sudo ./xxx.pl # 安装基本选yes

python升级

卸载旧python (有问题)

卸载Python3.6
sudo apt-get remove python3.6
卸载Python3.6及其依赖
sudo apt-get remove --auto-remove python3.6
清除python3.6
sudo apt-get purge python3.6

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

安装新python

换源

1.备份原始源文件source.list

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

2.修改源文件sources.list
（1）终端执行命令：`

sudo chmod 777 /etc/apt/sources.list`

更改文件权限使其可编辑；
（2）执行命令： `

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list`

打开文件进行编辑；
（3）删除原来的文件内容，根据系统版本复制下面的任意一个到其中并保存。
阿里源：
ubuntu 16

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe

ubuntu 18

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

ubuntu 20

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

3.更新源
终端执行命令：

sudo apt update
sudo apt-get upgrade

其他换源方法
还有一种更简单的方法，打开"软件更新器"，依次点击"设置"，“Ubuntu软件”，在"下载自"后面的窗口选择 "其它站点"在其中找到清华大学镜像站选择即可。
修改完软件源后，更新软件列表和软件

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

如果在软件更新器里修改源，会自动刷新软件列表并检查更新，依据向导来即可。

安装（有问题）

sudo apt-get install python3.7
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3（有问题）

安装chrome

wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get -f install

pip换源

临时：

sudo pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/ numpy

长期：

mkdir ~/.pip #创建一个名为.pip的文件夹
cd ~/.pip #进入创建的文件夹
touch pip.conf #创建pip.conf
sudo gedit ~/.pip/pip.conf #编辑文件

复制下面的内容到文件中（配置的豆瓣源，也可以配置别的）

[global]
index-url = https://pypi.douban.com/simple
[install]
trusted-host=pypi.douban.com

（1）阿里云 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
（2）豆瓣 https://pypi.douban.com/simple/
（3）清华大学 https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
（4）中国科学技术大学 https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/
（5）华中科技大学 https://pypi.hustunique.com/