Service之上层调用

嗯~新年第一篇~~

1、Service与Activity通信（bindService）

编写Service代码：

public class MyService extends Service{
    public static final TAG="MyService";
    public MyBinder mBinder=new MyBinder();

    @Override
    public void onCreate(){
        super.onCreate();
        Log.d(TAG," onCreate() executed");
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent,int flags,int startId){
        Log.d(TAG,"onStartCommand() executed");
        return super.onStartCommand(intent,flags,startId);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy(){
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.d(TAG,"onDestroy() executed");
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent){
        return mBinder;
    }

    class MyBinder extend Binder{
        public void startDownload(){
            //可以开启子线程，执行下载的逻辑
            new Thread(new Runnable(){
                @Override
                public void run(){
                    //执行具体的下载任务
                }).start();
        }
    }
                    
    
    

在主函数中调用：

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
    
    private Button startService;
    private Button stopService;
    private Button bindService;
    private Button unbindService;

    private MyService.MyBinder mBinder;

    private ServiceConnection connection=new ServiceConnection(){

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name){
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name,IBinder service){
            mBinder=(MyService.MyBinder)service;
            mBinder.startDownload();//启动下载任务
        }
    };

    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        startService=findVeiwById(R.id.btn_start);
        stopService=findViewById(R.id.btn_stop);
        bindService=findViewById(R.id.btn_bind);
        unbindService=findViewById(R.id.btn_unbind);
        
        startService.setOnClickListener(this);
        stopService.setOnClickListener(this);
        bindService.setOnClickListener(this);
        unbindService.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v){
        swich(v.getId()){
            case R.id.btn_start:
                startService(new Intent(this,MyService.class);
                break;
            case R.id.btn_stop:
                stopService(new Intent(this,MyService.class)):
                break;
            case R.id.btn_bind:
                 Intent bindIntent=new Intent(this,MyService.class));
                 bindService(bindIntent,connection,BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
                 break;
             case R.id.btn_unbind:
                 unbindService(connection);
                 break;
            }
        }
    }
    

理解：

先创建一个ServiceConnection的匿名内部类，重写onServiceConnection()方法，拿到Service中的mBinder对象，实现想怎么指挥Service就怎么指挥Service的功能。

BIND_AUTO_CREATE

销毁服务的方法可以自己琢磨啦。

2、Service与线程的关系

1. Service运行在主线程，不能执行耗时的操作；线程可以
2. 在Service中可以调用子线程
3. 任何Activity都能拿到Service的实例；线程的生命周期与Activity绑定

标准的Service代码：

@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent,int flags,int startId){
    new Thread(new Runnable(){
        @Override
        public void run(){
            //执行后台的任务
        }
        }).start();

    return super.onStartCommand(intent,flags,startId){
}

public class MyBinder extends Binder{
    //某一方法
    public void startDownload(){
        new Thread(new Runnable(){
            @Override
            public void run(){
                //执行具体的下载任务
            }
        }).start();

}

这样逻辑就能通了。

3、开启一个前台服务

为何要开启前台服务:

1. 让Service保持一致运行状态，不会因内存不足的原因导致被回收
2. 在状态栏可以看到前台服务的运行状态
3. 需要类似于通知的效果

思路：只需要在自定义服务生命周期内建立一个通知>>startForeground();

public class MyService extends Service{
    public static final TAG="MyService";

    private MyBinder mBinder=new MyBinder();
    @Override
    public void onCreate(){
        super.onCreate();
        Notification notification=new Notification(R.drawable.ic_lanucher,
                                "通知",System.currentTimeMillis());
        Intent notificationIntent=new Intent(this,MainActivity.class);
        PendingIntent pendingIntent=PendingIntent.getActivity(this,0,notificationIntent,0);
        notification.setLatestEventInfo(this,"通知的标题","通知的内容",pendingIntent);
        startForeground(1,notification);

        ........

    }
}

Service的上层调用还是比较简单的。