WRFV3.9.1.1+WRF-Chem+WPS配置步骤

• 主要内容源自教程：WRF 3.9.1.1 在Ubuntu16.04 LTS 下的安装包括Chem kpp, 并进行修改, 经测试, 所有命令均有效.
• 本配置步骤涵盖WRF, WRF-Chem及WPS
• 所有安装包都可在安装包-1安装包-2下载

WRFV3.9.1.1配置步骤

• 默认配置: 系统：Ubuntu 16.04 LTS(cat /etc/issue 查看)
  WRF：V3.9.1.1 （WRFV3.9.1.1.TAR.gz；WRFV3-Chem-3.9.1.TAR.gz；WPSV3.9.1.TAR.gz）
  NETCDF (NetCDF-C V4.4.1; NetCDF-FORTRAN V4.4.4)
  HDF5: V1.8.18; NCL: V6.4.0
  库函数：zlib: V1.2.10;Jasper: V1.900.1 (要是版本过高会不生成ungrid.exe, 也有解决办法，后文提到) ; PNG:V1.6.26;Libjpeg.v9a
  gcc 5.4.0 g++ 5.4.0 gfortran 5.4.0
  byacc.1.9.tar.Z wgrib2.tgz
  以上所有安装包均在/home/icip1004/下载文件夹内.
• 更新系统软件:sudo apt-get upgrade

安装编译工具:

• 打开ubuntuSoftware, 查找新的软件包管理器(synaptic), 点击安装, 然后等待自行完成.
• 在ubuntuSoftware中查找perl, 使用命令perl -v, 得到如下返回:

This is perl 5, version 22, subversion 1 (v5.22.1) built for x86_64-linux-gnu-thread-multi
(with 58 registered patches, see perl -V for more detail)

• 检查awk, 命令:which awk, 返回/usr/bin/awk
• 安装tcsh samba cpp m4 quota
  命令:sudo apt-get install tcsh samba cpp m4 quota
• 检查tcsh是否安装好:tcsh --version

tcsh 6.18.01 (Astron) 2012-02-14 (x86_64-unknown-linux) options wide,nls,dl,al,kan,rh,nd,color,filec

• 检查samba, 命令:samba --version

Version 4.3.11-Ubuntu

• cpp: cpp --version

cpp (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.4) 5.4.0 20160609

• m4 --version

m4 (GNU M4) 1.4.17

安装WRF编译工具

• 1）首先判断gcc，g++，gfortran版本是否一致

gcc --version		
echo "5.4.0"
g++ --version
echo "5.4.0"	
gfortran --version		
sudo apt-get install gfortran
echo  "5.4.0"

• 2）重新连接一遍，不然会寻址不到.
  【重新链接gcc，g++，gfortran】
  1.建立备份文件夹：
  sudo -i #进入管理员模式
  mkdir /usr/bin/gccbackup
mkdir /usr/bin/g++backup
mkdir /usr/bin/gfortranbackup
  2.先将原来的链接改名，终端输入：
  mv /usr/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gccbackup
mv /usr/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++backup
mv /usr/bin/gfortran /usr/bin/gfortranbackup
  3.重新链接
  ln -s /usr/bin/gcc-5 /usr/bin/gcc
ln -s /usr/bin/gfortran-5 /usr/bin/gfortran
ln -s /usr/bin/g++-5 /usr/bin/g++

安装NetCDF

NetCDF的安装需要有HDF5lib，而HDF5的安装需要先有zlib和curl.所以先要安装zlib和curl.本人将zlib，curl, jpeg, png. Jasper 一起安装了，并且建立了一个JASPER文件夹将这几个lib与include都放在一起，方便后期的环境设置.
打开synaptic，点击搜索，输入libjpeg8，然后libjpeg8-dbg/libjpeg8-dev选项，前面没有打钩的.双击打钩标记，标记后会变绿色，点击应用，然后安装.
同理输入glibc，然后就会看到结果有三个红点的glibc选项，也apply.-doc -doc-reference -source
同理输入grib2，然后就会看到结果有libgrib2c-dev/libgrib2c0d选项，也apply.

开始安装各个小东西

第一步解压，把下载好的都解压了，我这里是解压到/usr/local/src,安装完可以删除

tar -zxf zlib-1.2.10.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
tar -zxf jpegsrc.v9a.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
tar -zxf libpng-1.6.26.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
unzip jasper-1.900.1.zip 
mv jasper-1.900.1 /usr/local/src

接下来就是各种安装了

1.   zlib
   

cd /usr/local/src/zlib-1.2.10/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib
make
make check
make install

返回:

rm -f /usr/local/zlib/lib/libz.a
cp libz.a /usr/local/zlib/lib
chmod 644 /usr/local/zlib/lib/libz.a
cp libz.so.1.2.10 /usr/local/zlib/lib
chmod 755 /usr/local/zlib/lib/libz.so.1.2.10
rm -f /usr/local/zlib/share/man/man3/zlib.3
cp zlib.3 /usr/local/zlib/share/man/man3
chmod 644 /usr/local/zlib/share/man/man3/zlib.3
rm -f /usr/local/zlib/lib/pkgconfig/zlib.pc
cp zlib.pc /usr/local/zlib/lib/pkgconfig
chmod 644 /usr/local/zlib/lib/pkgconfig/zlib.pc
rm -f /usr/local/zlib/include/zlib.h /usr/local/zlib/include/zconf.h
cp zlib.h zconf.h /usr/local/zlib/include
chmod 644 /usr/local/zlib/include/zlib.h /usr/local/zlib/include/zconf.h

2.   curl
   

apt-get install curl
3. jpeg-9a
cd /usr/local/src/jpeg-9a
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libjpeg
make
返回:make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/jpeg-9a'
make install
返回

 /bin/mkdir -p '/usr/local/libjpeg/share/man/man1'
 /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 cjpeg.1 djpeg.1 jpegtran.1 rdjpgcom.1 wrjpgcom.1 '/usr/local/libjpeg/share/man/man1'
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/jpeg-9a'

4.   libpng
   

cd /usr/local/src/libpng-1.6.26
export LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/zlib/lib
export CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/zlib/include
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libpng
make
make install

返回:

+ cd /usr/local/libpng/lib/pkgconfig
+ rm -f libpng.pc
+ ln -s libpng16.pc libpng.pc
make[3]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/libpng-1.6.26'
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/libpng-1.6.26'
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/libpng-1.6.26'

5.   jasper-1.900.1
   

cd /usr/local/src/jasper-1.900.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jasper 
make
make install

我安装的是1.9，因为高版本在后面可能出现不了ungrib.exe
高版本的Jasper需要修改jas_image.h文件, 本过程并未使用

cd /usr/local/jasper/include/jasper/
gedit jas_image.h（找到bool inmem_; 将前面的"//"去掉）(in this case there isn't a "//")

配置环境变量

mkdir /usr/local/JASPER
mkdir /usr/local/JASPER/lib
mkdir /usr/local/JASPER/include
cp -r /usr/local/zlib/lib/* /usr/local/JASPER/lib
cp -r /usr/local/libpng/lib/* /usr/local/JASPER/lib
cp -r /usr/local/jasper/lib/* /usr/local/JASPER/lib
cp -r /usr/local/zlib/include/* /usr/local/JASPER/include
cp -r /usr/local/libpng/include/* /usr/local/JASPER/include
cp -r /usr/local/jasper/include/* /usr/local/JASPER/include

gedit ~/.bashrc
在最后添加下面路径指向：

#for zlib
export ZLIB_HOME=/usr/local/zlib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ZLIB_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
#for libpng
export ZLIB_HOME=/usr/local/libpng
export LIBPNGLIB=/usr/local/libpng/lib
export LIBPNGINC=/usr/local/libpng/include
#set JASPER
export JASPER=/usr/local/JASPER
export JASPERLIB=/usr/local/JASPER/lib
export JASPERINC=/usr/local/JASPER/include

保存后退出
source ~/.bashrc
要是保存不了，就 chmod 修改一下权限
(JASPER的两个文件夹下分别有15个和7个文件)

安装配置hdf5

cd /home/icip1004/下载
gunzip hdf5-1.8.18.tar.gz 
tar -xf hdf5-1.8.18.tar -C /usr/local/src
cd /usr/local/src/hdf5-1.8.18
 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/HDF5 --with-zlib=/usr/local/zlib

返回:

	    SUMMARY OF THE HDF5 CONFIGURATION
	    =================================

General Information:
-------------------
		   HDF5 Version: 1.8.18
		  Configured on: Sat Oct  5 22:52:55 CST 2019
		  Configured by: root@icip1004-All-Series
		 Configure mode: production
		    Host system: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
	      Uname information: Linux icip1004-All-Series 4.8.0-36-generic #36~16.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Sun Feb 5 09:39:57 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
		       Byte sex: little-endian
		      Libraries: static, shared
	     Installation point: /usr/local/HDF5

Compiling Options:
------------------
               Compilation Mode: production
                     C Compiler: /usr/bin/gcc
                         CFLAGS: 
                      H5_CFLAGS: -std=c99 -pedantic -Wall -Wextra -Wundef -Wshadow -Wpointer-arith -Wbad-function-cast -Wcast-qual -Wcast-align -Wwrite-strings -Wconversion -Waggregate-return -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations -Wredundant-decls -Wnested-externs -Winline -Wfloat-equal -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wmissing-noreturn -Wpacked -Wdisabled-optimization -Wformat=2 -Wunreachable-code -Wendif-labels -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wold-style-definition -Winvalid-pch -Wvariadic-macros -Winit-self -Wmissing-include-dirs -Wswitch-default -Wswitch-enum -Wunused-macros -Wunsafe-loop-optimizations -Wc++-compat -Wstrict-overflow -Wlogical-op -Wlarger-than=2048 -Wvla -Wsync-nand -Wframe-larger-than=16384 -Wpacked-bitfield-compat -Wstrict-overflow=5 -Wjump-misses-init -Wunsuffixed-float-constants -Wdouble-promotion -Wsuggest-attribute=const -Wtrampolines -Wstack-usage=8192 -Wvector-operation-performance -Wsuggest-attribute=pure -Wsuggest-attribute=noreturn -Wsuggest-attribute=format -Wdate-time -Wopenmp-simd -Warray-bounds=2 -Wc99-c11-compat -O3 -fstdarg-opt
                      AM_CFLAGS: 
                       CPPFLAGS: -I/usr/local/zlib/include
                    H5_CPPFLAGS: -D_GNU_SOURCE -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200112L   -DNDEBUG -UH5_DEBUG_API
                    AM_CPPFLAGS:  -I/usr/local/zlib/include
               Shared C Library: yes
               Static C Library: yes
  Statically Linked Executables: no
                        LDFLAGS: -L/usr/local/zlib/lib
                     H5_LDFLAGS: 
                     AM_LDFLAGS:  -L/usr/local/zlib/lib
 	 	Extra libraries: -lz -ldl -lm 
 		       Archiver: ar
 		 	 Ranlib: ranlib
 	      Debugged Packages: 
		    API Tracing: no

Languages:
----------
                        Fortran: no

                            C++: no

Features:
---------
                  Parallel HDF5: no
             High Level library: yes
                   Threadsafety: no
            Default API Mapping: v18
 With Deprecated Public Symbols: yes
         I/O filters (external): deflate(zlib)
                            MPE: no
                     Direct VFD: no
                        dmalloc: no
Clear file buffers before write: yes
           Using memory checker: no
         Function Stack Tracing: no
      Strict File Format Checks: no
   Optimization Instrumentation: no

接下来进行编译:
make
make check
make install
make check-install
在bashrc中添加环境变量
gedit ~/.bashrc

# for hdf5
export CPPFLAGS=-I$PRO_PATH/usr/local/HDF5/include
export LDFLAGS=-L$PRO_PATH/usr/local/HDF5/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PRO_PATH/usr/local/HDF5/lib

使配置生效:
source ~/.bashrc

安装NetCDF-C

cd /home/icip1004/下载

tar -zxf netcdf-c-4.4.1.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
cd /usr/local/src/netcdf-c-4.4.1/
export CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/HDF5/include
export LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/HDF5/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$/usr/local/HDF5/lib

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/NETCDF --disable-netcdf-4
开始编译
make
make check
make install
即可

安装NetCDF -fortran

cd /home/icip1004/下载

tar -xzf netcdf-fortran-4.4.4.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
cd /usr/local/src/netcdf-fortran-4.4.4/

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/usr/local/NETCDF/lib
export rt CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/NETCDF/include
export LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/NETCDF/lib

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/NETCDF FC=gfortran
开始编译
make
make check
make install
gedit ~/.bashrc
添加环境变量:

#for netcdf
export PATH=/usr/local/NETCDF/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/NETCDF/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

source ~/.bashrc

安装NCL

mkdir /usr/local/ncarg
cd /home/icip1004/下载

tar -zxf ncl_ncarg-6.4.0-Debian8.6_64bit_gnu492.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ncarg/
cd /usr/local/ncarg

gedit ~/.bashrc
在最后添加下列语句:

#for ncarg
export NCARG_ROOT=/usr/local/ncarg
export PATH=$NCARG_ROOT/bin:$PATH
export MANPATH=$NCARG_ROOT/man:$MANPATH
export DISPLAY=:0.0
export WRFIO_NCD_LARGE_FILE_SUPPORT=1
#(这一句用于WRF输出大数据)

保存后退出
source ~/.bashrc
检验NCL是否成功安装，新终端输入：
ncargversion
如果出现如下情况:

icip1004@icip1004-All-Series:~$ ncargversion
程序"ncargversion”尚未安装. 您可以使用以下命令安装：
sudo apt install ncl-ncarg

需要同步在sudo -i下的~/.bashrc{KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '}' at position 2: A}̲和/home/icip1004…B}两个文件的内容, 并且同时使之生效, 命令:source {$A}, source {$B}
生效后的返回:

NCAR Graphics Software Version 6.4.0
Copyright (C) 1987-2017, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research

NCAR Graphics is a registered trademark of the University Corporation
for Atmospheric Research.

The use of this Software is governed by a License Agreement.

安装wgrib2

命令如下:

cd /home/icip1004/下载
cp wgrib2.tgz.v1.8.6 /usr/local
cd /usr/local
tar -zxf wgrib2.tgz.v1.8.6
cd grib2/
export CC=gcc
export FC=gfortran
make

安装WRF

命令如下:

mkdir /home/icip1004/model
gedit /home/icip1004/.bashrc
source /home/icip1004/.bashrc
sudo -i
cd /home/icip1004/下载
tar -xzf WRFV3.9.1.1.TAR.gz -C /home/icip1004/model

这时在/model出现了WRFV3的文件，进入WRFV3里面的arch文件夹，找到Config_new.pl文件，打开后，找到下面这句并做如下修改：

$I_really_want_to_output_grib2_from_WRF= "TRUE" ;

对应下面几行，找到并修改：

$I_really_want_to_output_grib2_from_WRF = "FALSE" ;
 $I_really_want_to_output_grib2_from_WRF = "TRUE" ;

 if ( $ENV{JASPERLIB} && $ENV{JASPERINC} && $I_really_want_to_output_grib2_from_WRF eq "TRUE" )
   {
   printf "Configuring to use jasper library to build Grib2 I/O...\n" ;
   printf("  \$JASPERLIB = %s\n",$ENV{JASPERLIB});
   printf("  \$JASPERINC = %s\n",$ENV{JASPERINC});
   $sw_jasperlib_path = "/usr/local/JASPER/lib";#$ENV{JASPERLIB}; 
   $sw_jasperinc_path = "/usr/local/JASPER/include";#$ENV{JASPERINC}; 

保存后退出.

cd /home/icip1004//model/WRFV3/
#need to copy every added lines from /home/icip1004/.bashrc to ~/.bashrc
./configure

先选择32后选择1

在\arch文件夹里面找到configure_new.defaults，打开，找到这一部分

#ARCH    Linux x86_64 ppc64le, gfortran compiler with gcc  #serial smpar dmpar dm+sm
FORMAT_FIXED    =       -ffixed-form
FORMAT_FREE     =       -ffree-form -ffree-line-length-none
-------------------
FORMAT_FIXED    =       -ffixed-form -cpp
FORMAT_FREE     =       -ffree-form -cpp -ffree-line-length-none

保存后退出
在WRFV3目录下找到configure.wrf文件并打开，做如下修改：（同上）

FORMAT_FIXED    =       -ffixed-form
FORMAT_FREE     =       -ffree-form -ffree-line-length-none
-------------------
FORMAT_FIXED    =       -ffixed-form -cpp
FORMAT_FREE     =       -ffree-form -cpp -ffree-line-length-none

保存后退出.
在终端输入：

./compile em_real >&checkwrf.log
ls -ls main/*.exe 

得到如下返回:

48584 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root 8079 49748400 10月  6 00:17 main/ndown.exe
48460 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root 8079 49621328 10月  6 00:17 main/real.exe
48080 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root 8079 49232560 10月  6 00:17 main/tc.exe
52056 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root 8079 53300984 10月  6 00:16 main/wrf.exe

安装KPP

KPP 需要 flex 和 yacc 的支持，这一步是安装 KPP 的关键，大多数 KPP 安装错误要么是flex 和 yacc 版本不对，要么是环境变量设置错误.
标准安装的顺序是先安装flex然后安装yacc，可是本人在安装flex时出现了无法执行yacc命令的错误，所以又颠倒顺序安装了一下. 如果发生错误, 将错误粘贴到网上，一般都会有解决办法的.

• Yacc:

cd /home/icip1004/下载
gzip -d byacc.1.9.tar.Z
mkdir /usr/local/yacc
tar -xf byacc.1.9.tar -C /usr/local/yacc
cd /usr/local/yacc/
make

• flex:

cd /home/icip1004/下载
mkdir /usr/local/flex
mv flex-2.5.37.tar.gz /usr/local/flex
cd /usr/local/flex
tar -xzf flex-2.5.37.tar.gz 
cd flex-2.5.37/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/flex
make
make install

卸载flex-2.5.37:

root@icip1004-All-Series:/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37# make uninstall

Making uninstall in lib
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/lib'
make[1]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/lib'
Making uninstall in .
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37'
 ( cd '/usr/local/flex/bin' && rm -f flex )
 ( cd '/usr/local/flex/share/doc/flex' && rm -f AUTHORS COPYING NEWS ONEWS README README.cvs TODO )
 ( cd '/usr/local/flex/include' && rm -f FlexLexer.h )
 ( cd '/usr/local/flex/lib' && rm -f libfl.a libfl_pic.a )
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37'
Making uninstall in doc
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/doc'
 ( cd '/usr/local/flex/share/doc/flex' && rm -f flex.pdf )
 rm -f '/usr/local/flex/share/doc/flex/flex.dvi'
 rm -rf '/usr/local/flex/share/doc/flex/flex.html'
 install-info --info-dir='/usr/local/flex/share/info' --remove '/usr/local/flex/share/info/flex.info'
 cd '/usr/local/flex/share/info' && rm -f flex.info flex.info-[0-9] flex.info-[0-9][0-9] flex.i[0-9] flex.i[0-9][0-9]
 ( cd '/usr/local/flex/share/man/man1' && rm -f flex.1 )
 rm -f '/usr/local/flex/share/doc/flex/flex.pdf'
 rm -f '/usr/local/flex/share/doc/flex/flex.ps'
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/doc'
Making uninstall in examples
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/examples'
Making uninstall in manual
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/examples/manual'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/examples/manual'
Making uninstall in fastwc
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/examples/fastwc'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/examples/fastwc'
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/examples'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall-am'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/examples'
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/examples'
Making uninstall in po
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/po'
catalogs='ca.gmo da.gmo de.gmo es.gmo fi.gmo fr.gmo ga.gmo ko.gmo nl.gmo pl.gmo pt_BR.gmo ro.gmo ru.gmo sv.gmo tr.gmo vi.gmo zh_CN.gmo'; \
for cat in $catalogs; do \
  cat=`basename $cat`; \
  lang=`echo $cat | sed -e 's/\.gmo$//'`; \
  for lc in LC_MESSAGES ; do \
    rm -f /usr/local/flex/share/locale/$lang/$lc/flex.mo; \
  done; \
done
if test "flex" = "gettext-tools"; then \
  for file in Makefile.in.in remove-potcdate.sin quot.sed boldquot.sed en@quot.header en@boldquot.header insert-header.sin Rules-quot   Makevars.template; do \
    rm -f /usr/local/flex/share/gettext/po/$file; \
  done; \
else \
  : ; \
fi
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/po'
Making uninstall in tools
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tools'
make[1]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tools'
Making uninstall in tests
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests'
Making uninstall in test-concatenated-options
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-concatenated-options'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-concatenated-options'
Making uninstall in test-c++-yywrap
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-c++-yywrap'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-c++-yywrap'
Making uninstall in test-extended
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-extended'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-extended'
Making uninstall in test-ccl
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-ccl'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-ccl'
Making uninstall in test-quotes
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-quotes'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-quotes'
Making uninstall in test-rescan-r
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-rescan-r'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-rescan-r'
Making uninstall in test-rescan-nr
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-rescan-nr'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-rescan-nr'
Making uninstall in test-basic-nr
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-basic-nr'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-basic-nr'
Making uninstall in test-basic-r
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-basic-r'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-basic-r'
Making uninstall in test-bison-yylloc
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-bison-yylloc'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-bison-yylloc'
Making uninstall in test-bison-yylval
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-bison-yylval'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-bison-yylval'
Making uninstall in test-bison-nr
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-bison-nr'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-bison-nr'
Making uninstall in test-multiple-scanners-nr
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-multiple-scanners-nr'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-multiple-scanners-nr'
Making uninstall in test-multiple-scanners-r
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-multiple-scanners-r'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-multiple-scanners-r'
Making uninstall in test-header-nr
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-header-nr'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-header-nr'
Making uninstall in test-header-r
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-header-r'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-header-r'
Making uninstall in test-reject
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-reject'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-reject'
Making uninstall in test-c++-multiple-scanners
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-c++-multiple-scanners'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-c++-multiple-scanners'
Making uninstall in test-c++-basic
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-c++-basic'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-c++-basic'
Making uninstall in test-posixly-correct
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-posixly-correct'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-posixly-correct'
Making uninstall in test-posix
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-posix'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-posix'
Making uninstall in test-mem-r
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-mem-r'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-mem-r'
Making uninstall in test-mem-nr
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-mem-nr'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-mem-nr'
Making uninstall in test-debug-nr
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-debug-nr'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-debug-nr'
Making uninstall in test-debug-r
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-debug-r'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-debug-r'
Making uninstall in test-lineno-r
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-lineno-r'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-lineno-r'
Making uninstall in test-lineno-nr
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-lineno-nr'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-lineno-nr'
Making uninstall in test-linedir-r
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-linedir-r'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-linedir-r'
Making uninstall in test-array-nr
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-array-nr'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-array-nr'
Making uninstall in test-array-r
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-array-r'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-array-r'
Making uninstall in test-c-cpp-nr
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-c-cpp-nr'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-c-cpp-nr'
Making uninstall in test-c-cpp-r
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-c-cpp-r'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-c-cpp-r'
Making uninstall in test-include-by-buffer
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-include-by-buffer'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-include-by-buffer'
Making uninstall in test-include-by-push
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-include-by-push'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-include-by-push'
Making uninstall in test-include-by-reentrant
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-include-by-reentrant'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-include-by-reentrant'
Making uninstall in test-prefix-nr
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-prefix-nr'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-prefix-nr'
Making uninstall in test-prefix-r
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-prefix-r'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-prefix-r'
Making uninstall in test-pthread
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-pthread'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-pthread'
Making uninstall in test-string-nr
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-string-nr'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-string-nr'
Making uninstall in test-string-r
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-string-r'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-string-r'
Making uninstall in test-yyextra
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-yyextra'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-yyextra'
Making uninstall in test-alloc-extra
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-alloc-extra'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-alloc-extra'
Making uninstall in test-noansi-nr
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-noansi-nr'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-noansi-nr'
Making uninstall in test-noansi-r
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-noansi-r'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-noansi-r'
Making uninstall in test-top
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-top'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-top'
Making uninstall in test-table-opts
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-table-opts'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests/test-table-opts'
make[2]: Entering directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall-am'.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests'
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37/tests'

• 安装flex-2.5.3

root@icip1004-All-Series:/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37# mv /usr/local/flex   /usr/local/flex_2.5.37
root@icip1004-All-Series:/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37# mkdir /usr/local/flex
root@icip1004-All-Series:/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.37# cd /home/icip1004/下载
root@icip1004-All-Series:/home/icip1004/下载# mv flex.tar.gz  /usr/local/flex
root@icip1004-All-Series:/home/icip1004/下载# cd /usr/local/flex

root@icip1004-All-Series:/usr/local/flex# tar -xzf flex.tar.gz 

root@icip1004-All-Series:/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.3# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/flex
creating cache ./config.cache
checking whether ln -s works... yes
checking for bison... /usr/local/yacc/yacc -d
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether we are using GNU C... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for ranlib... ranlib
checking for a BSD compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether make sets $MAKE... yes
checking for working const... yes
checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E
checking whether cross-compiling... no
checking for ANSI C header files... yes
checking for size_t... yes
checking for ANSI C header files... (cached) yes
checking for string.h... yes
checking for malloc.h... yes
checking for sys/types.h... yes
updating cache ./config.cache
creating ./config.status
creating Makefile
creating config.h
root@icip1004-All-Series:/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.3# make
cp ./initscan.c scan.c
touch .bootstrap
gcc -c -I. -I. -g -O ccl.c
gcc -c -I. -I. -g -O dfa.c
gcc -c -I. -I. -g -O ecs.c
gcc -c -I. -I. -g -O gen.c
gcc -c -I. -I. -g -O main.c
gcc -c -I. -I. -g -O misc.c
gcc -c -I. -I. -g -O nfa.c
/usr/local/yacc/yacc -d -d ./parse.y
gcc -c -I. -I. -g -O parse.c
gcc -c -I. -I. -g -O scan.c
gcc -c -I. -I. -g -O skel.c
gcc -c -I. -I. -g -O sym.c
gcc -c -I. -I. -g -O tblcmp.c
gcc -c -I. -I. -g -O yylex.c
gcc -c -I. -I. -g -O libmain.c
gcc -c -I. -I. -g -O libyywrap.c
ar cru libfl.a libmain.o libyywrap.o
ar: `u' 修饰符被忽略，因为 `D' 为默认（参见 `U'）
ranlib libfl.a
gcc -g -O -o flex  ccl.o dfa.o ecs.o gen.o main.o misc.o nfa.o parse.o scan.o skel.o sym.o tblcmp.o yylex.o  libfl.a 
root@icip1004-All-Series:/usr/local/flex/flex-2.5.3# make install
/bin/sh ./mkinstalldirs \
  /usr/local/flex/bin /usr/local/flex/lib /usr/local/flex/include /usr/local/flex/man/man1
mkdir /usr/local/flex/bin
mkdir /usr/local/flex/lib
mkdir /usr/local/flex/include
mkdir /usr/local/flex/man
mkdir /usr/local/flex/man/man1
rm -f /usr/local/flex/man/man1/flexdoc.1
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ./flex.1 /usr/local/flex/man/man1/flex.1
/usr/bin/install -c flex /usr/local/flex/bin/flex
cd /usr/local/flex/bin && ln -s flex flex++
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 libfl.a /usr/local/flex/lib/libfl.a
cd /usr/local/flex/lib && ranlib libfl.a
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ./FlexLexer.h /usr/local/flex/include/FlexLexer.h

检验 flex 和 yacc的安装:
之前KPP安装不成功的原因是flex版本的问题, 更换为2.5.3就正常了

root@icip1004-All-Series:~# which flex
/usr/local/flex/bin/flex
root@icip1004-All-Series:~# which yacc
/usr/local/yacc/yacc
root@icip1004-All-Series:~# 

为Chem添加环境变量gedit ~/.bashrc

# for chem
export WRF_CHEM=1 
#（编译 WRF_Chem）
export WRF_KPP=1
#(安装 KPP，0 表示不安装 KPP，若不安装 KPP，下面的环境变量不需要设置)
export PATH=/usr/local/yacc:$PATH
export PATH=/usr/local/flex/bin:$PATH
export YACC='/usr/local/yacc/yacc -d'
export FLEX=/usr/local/flex/bin/flex
export FLEX_LIB_DIR=/usr/local/flex/lib
source ~/.bashrc

对 /home/icip1004/.bashrc进行同样的操作

安装 WRF-CHEM:

cd /home/icip1004/下载
tar -xzf WRFV3-Chem-3.9.1.TAR.gz -C /home/icip1004/model/WRFV3
cd /home/icip1004/model/WRFV3
./clean -a #(删除以前的 WRF 编译)
./configure 
./compile em_real >&checkwrf.log

得到返回:

*** buffer overflow detected ***: /home/icip1004/model/WRFV3/chem/KPP/kpp/kpp-2.1/bin/kpp terminated

ls -ls main/*.exe
查看 main 目录下若有ndwon.exe \real.exe \wrf.exe \tc.exe，编译成功
若未编译成功，在 checkwrf.log 中查看是否有 error，修正 error 后，用./clean -a清除前次编译后，重新编译.

安装WPS

WRFV3 和WPS 必须在同一个父目录下:
tar -xzf WPSV3.9.1.1.TAR.gz -C /home/icip1004/model/
转移到\WPS目录内
cd /home/yourname/models/WPS
打开\WPS下的\arch文件夹，找到configure.defaults，打开，修改如下部分：

###################################################################
#ARCH    Linux x86_64, gfortran   # serial serial_NO_GRIB2 dmpar dmpar_NO_GRIB2
#
COMPRESSION_LIBS   	= -L /usr/local/JASPER/lib -ljasper -lpng -lpng16 -lz
COMPRESSION_INC 	= -I /usr/local/JASPER/include
FDEFS               = CONFIGURE_FDEFS
SFC                 = gfortran
SCC                 = gcc
DM_FC               = mpif90 -f90=gfortran
DM_CC               = mpicc -cc=gcc 
FC                  = CONFIGURE_FC 
CC                  = CONFIGURE_CC
LD                  = $(FC)
FFLAGS              = -ffree-form -cpp -O -fconvert=big-endian -frecord-marker=4
F77FLAGS            = -ffixed-form -cpp -O -fconvert=big-endian -frecord-marker=4
FCSUFFIX            = 
FNGFLAGS            = $(FFLAGS)
LDFLAGS             =
CFLAGS              =
CPP                 = /usr/bin/cpp -P -traditional
CPPFLAGS            = -D_UNDERSCORE -DBYTESWAP -DLINUX -DIO_NETCDF -DBIT32 -DNO_SIGNAL CONFIGURE_MPI
RANLIB              = ranlib 

在这部分里面做如下修改：

COMPRESSION_LIBS   = -L/usr/local/JASPER/lib -ljasper -lpng -lpng16 -lz
COMPRESSION_INC = -I/usr/local/JASPER/include
FFLAGS      =-ffree-form -cpp -O-fconvert=big-endian-frecord-marker=4
F77FLAGS    =-ffixed-form -cpp -O -fconvert=big-endian-frecord-marker=4

保存后退出。
找到preamble文件，打开做如下修改：
WRF_DIR = /home/yourname/model/WRFV3
编辑环境信息
gedit ~/.bashrc

# for WPS
export JASPERLIB=/usr/local/JASPER/lib
export JASPERINC=/usr/local/JASPER/include
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/jasper/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/libpng/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/zlib/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

使配置生效:
source ~/.bashrc
./configure
./compile > checkwps.log
ls -ls *.exe
检查当前目录中(/home/models/WPS)是否有名为geogrid.exe \ungrib.exe \metgrid.exe的链接文件，若有，编译成功。
ls -ls util/*.exe
检查当前目录中是否有如下exe，编译成功：
avg_tsfc.exe g1print.exeheight_ukmo.exe mod_levs.exe calc_ecmwf_p.exeg2print.exe int2nc.exe rd_intermediate.exe若未编译成功，在checkwps.log 中查看是否有error，修正error 后，用./clean-a清除前次编译后，重新编译。