Azure磁盘扩容操作手册

1. 通过 Azure portal 关闭虚拟机。

2. 执行以下 Powershell 命令，对系统盘进行扩展：

   Get-AzureVM -ServiceName "vfldev" -Name "vfldev" | get-AzureOSDisk 
   
   ## 使用正确的 ServiceName 和 VM Name 取代上述参数。
   
   Update-AzureDisk –DiskName "vfldev-vfldev-0-201503091934500547" -Label "ResiZedOS" -ResizedSizeInGB 100
   
   ## 用步骤一获取的 OSdisk 的名字取代上述的 DiskName，并输入想要扩容的磁盘大小。
   

3. 通过 Azure portal 启动虚拟机。

4. 登陆虚拟机，切换成 root 用户，查看当前的虚拟机的根文件系统容量。

   [root@resizeSDA chpaadmin]# df -h
   Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
   /dev/sda1        30G  1.1G   27G   4% /
   devtmpfs        832M     0  832M   0% /dev
   tmpfs           840M     0  840M   0% /dev/shm
   tmpfs           840M  8.3M  832M   1% /run
   tmpfs           840M     0  840M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
   /dev/sdb1        69G   53M   66G   1% /mnt/resource
   

5. 打开分区表

   [root@resizeSDA chpaadmin]# fdisk /dev/sda
   Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
   
   Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
   Be careful before using the write command.
   
   Command (m for help): p
   
   Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
   Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
   Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   Disk label type: dos
   Disk identifier: 0x00093e4e
   
   ## 请记录分区信息
      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
   /dev/sda1   *        2048    62914559    31456256   83  Linux
   
   ## 切换为以 sector 作为计算单元 
   Command (m for help): u
   Changing display/entry units to sectors. 
   
   ## 如果显示为上述内容，则继续下一步，如果显示为：
   Command (m for help): u
   Changing display/entry units to cylinders (DEPRECATED!).
   
   ## 则继续执行 u，切换为sector。
   
   ## 删除分区
   Command (m for help): d
   Selected partition 1
   Partition 1 is deleted
   
   ## 新建分区
   Command (m for help): n
   Partition type:
      p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
      e   extended
   Select (default p): p
   Partition number (1-4, default 1):
   First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048):
   Using default value 2048
   Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199):
   Using default value 209715199
   Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set
   
   ## 此时修改分区结束，打印分区信息，确认信息无误
   Command (m for help): p
   
   Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
   Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
   Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   Disk label type: dos
   Disk identifier: 0x00093e4e
   
   ## 注意，这里的 start 的值，必须和此前的分区表里的信息一致
      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
   /dev/sda1            2048   209715199   104856576   83  Linux
   
   ## 激活分区
   Command (m for help): a
   Selected partition 1
   
   ## 再次打印分区，确认已激活
   Command (m for help): p
   
   Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
   Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
   Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   Disk label type: dos
   Disk identifier: 0x00093e4e
   
      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
   /dev/sda1   *        2048   209715199   104856576   83  Linux
   
   ## 如果信息有误，或者不确定，请及时联系我们，如果信息确认无误，写入分区表
   Command (m for help): wr
   The partition table has been altered!
   
   Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
   
   WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
   The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
   the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
   Syncing disks.
   

6. 分区表修改完毕，重启虚拟机。

   [root@resizeSDA chpaadmin]# init 6
   

7. 登陆虚拟机，切换到 root 用户，检查当前根文件系统的容量。

   [root@resizeSDA chpaadmin]# df -h
   Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
   /dev/sda1        30G  1.1G   27G   4% /
   devtmpfs        832M     0  832M   0% /dev
   tmpfs           840M     0  840M   0% /dev/shm
   tmpfs           840M  8.3M  832M   1% /run
   tmpfs           840M     0  840M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
   /dev/sdb1        69G   53M   66G   1% /mnt/resource
   

8. 修改根文件系统的大小。

   [root@resizeSDA chpaadmin]# resize2fs /dev/sda1
   resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
   Filesystem at /dev/sda1 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
   old_desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = 13
   The filesystem on /dev/sda1 is now 26214144 blocks long.
   

9. 检查根文件系统大小。

   [root@resizeSDA chpaadmin]# df -h
   Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
   /dev/sda1        99G  1.1G   93G   2% /
   devtmpfs        832M     0  832M   0% /dev
   tmpfs           840M     0  840M   0% /dev/shm
   tmpfs           840M  8.3M  832M   1% /run
   tmpfs           840M     0  840M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
   /dev/sdb1        69G   53M   66G   1% /mnt/resource
   

10. 至此，根文件系统扩容完毕。