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转载请注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/luotuo44/article/details/39670221
本文从简单到复杂，展示如何使用libevent。网上的许多例子都是只有服务器端的，本文里面客户端和服务器端都有，以飨读者。关于libevent编程时的一些疑问可以阅读《libevent编程疑难解答》。假如读者还想了解libevent的具体实现，可以阅读《libevent源码分析》系统文章。
不说这么多了，直接上代码。
初等：
客户端代码：
-
#include<sys/types.h>
-
#include<sys/socket.h>
-
#include<netinet/in.h>
-
#include<arpa/inet.h>
-
#include<errno.h>
-
#include<unistd.h>
-
-
#include<stdio.h>
-
#include<string.h>
-
#include<stdlib.h>
-
-
#include<event.h>
-
#include<event2/util.h>
-
-
-
-
-
int tcp_connect_server(const char* server_ip, int port);
-
-
-
void cmd_msg_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg);
-
void socket_read_cb(int fd, short events, void *arg);
-
-
int main(int argc, char** argv)
-
{
-
if( argc <
3 )
-
{
-
printf(
"please input 2 parameter\n");
-
return
-1;
-
}
-
-
-
//两个参数依次是服务器端的IP地址、端口号
-
int sockfd = tcp_connect_server(argv[
1], atoi(argv[
2]));
-
if( sockfd ==
-1)
-
{
-
perror(
"tcp_connect error ");
-
return
-1;
-
}
-
-
printf(
"connect to server successful\n");
-
-
struct event_base* base = event_base_new();
-
-
struct event *ev_sockfd = event_new(base, sockfd,
-
EV_READ |
EV_PERSIST,
-
socket_read_cb,
NULL);
-
event_add(ev_sockfd,
NULL);
-
-
//监听终端输入事件
-
struct event* ev_cmd = event_new(base, STDIN_FILENO,
-
EV_READ | EV_PERSIST, cmd_msg_cb,
-
(void*)&sockfd);
-
-
-
event_add(ev_cmd,
NULL);
-
-
event_base_dispatch(base);
-
-
printf(
"finished \n");
-
return
0;
-
}
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
void cmd_msg_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg)
-
{
-
char msg[
1024];
-
-
int ret = read(fd, msg,
sizeof(msg));
-
if( ret <=
0 )
-
{
-
perror(
"read fail ");
-
exit(
1);
-
}
-
-
int sockfd = *((
int*)arg);
-
-
//把终端的消息发送给服务器端
-
//为了简单起见，不考虑写一半数据的情况
-
write(sockfd, msg, ret);
-
}
-
-
-
void socket_read_cb(int fd, short events, void *arg)
-
{
-
char msg[
1024];
-
-
//为了简单起见，不考虑读一半数据的情况
-
int len = read(fd, msg,
sizeof(msg)
-1);
-
if( len <=
0 )
-
{
-
perror(
"read fail ");
-
exit(
1);
-
}
-
-
msg[len] =
'\0';
-
-
printf(
"recv %s from server\n", msg);
-
}
-
-
-
-
typedef
struct sockaddr SA;
-
int tcp_connect_server(const char* server_ip, int port)
-
{
-
int sockfd, status, save_errno;
-
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
-
-
memset(&server_addr,
0,
sizeof(server_addr) );
-
-
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
-
server_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
-
status = inet_aton(server_ip, &server_addr.sin_addr);
-
-
if( status ==
0 )
//the server_ip is not valid value
-
{
-
errno = EINVAL;
-
return
-1;
-
}
-
-
sockfd = ::socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM,
0);
-
if( sockfd ==
-1 )
-
return sockfd;
-
-
-
status = ::connect(sockfd, (SA*)&server_addr,
sizeof(server_addr) );
-
-
if( status ==
-1 )
-
{
-
save_errno = errno;
-
::close(sockfd);
-
errno = save_errno;
//the close may be error
-
return
-1;
-
}
-
-
evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(sockfd);
-
-
return sockfd;
-
}
服务器端代码：
-
#include<stdio.h>
-
#include<string.h>
-
#include<errno.h>
-
-
#include<unistd.h>
-
#include<event.h>
-
-
-
-
void accept_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg);
-
void socket_read_cb(int fd, short events, void *arg);
-
-
int tcp_server_init(int port, int listen_num);
-
-
int main(int argc, char** argv)
-
{
-
-
int listener = tcp_server_init(
9999,
10);
-
if( listener ==
-1 )
-
{
-
perror(
" tcp_server_init error ");
-
return
-1;
-
}
-
-
struct event_base* base = event_base_new();
-
-
//添加监听客户端请求连接事件
-
struct event* ev_listen = event_new(base, listener, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST,
-
accept_cb,
base);
-
event_add(ev_listen,
NULL);
-
-
-
event_base_dispatch(base);
-
-
return
0;
-
}
-
-
-
-
void accept_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg)
-
{
-
evutil_socket_t sockfd;
-
-
struct sockaddr_in client;
-
socklen_t len =
sizeof(client);
-
-
sockfd = ::accept(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client, &len );
-
evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(sockfd);
-
-
printf(
"accept a client %d\n", sockfd);
-
-
struct event_base* base = (event_base*)arg;
-
-
//仅仅是为了动态创建一个event结构体
-
struct event *ev = event_new(NULL, -1, 0, NULL, NULL);
-
//将动态创建的结构体作为event的回调参数
-
event_assign(ev, base, sockfd, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST,
-
socket_read_cb, (
void*)ev);
-
-
event_add(ev,
NULL);
-
}
-
-
-
void socket_read_cb(int fd, short events, void *arg)
-
{
-
char msg[
4096];
-
struct event *ev = (struct event*)arg;
-
int len = read(fd, msg,
sizeof(msg) -
1);
-
-
-
-
if( len <=
0 )
-
{
-
printf(
"some error happen when read\n");
-
event_free(ev);
-
close(fd);
-
return ;
-
}
-
-
msg[len] =
'\0';
-
printf(
"recv the client msg: %s", msg);
-
-
char reply_msg[
4096] =
"I have recvieced the msg: ";
-
strcat(reply_msg +
strlen(reply_msg), msg);
-
-
write(fd, reply_msg,
strlen(reply_msg) );
-
}
-
-
-
-
typedef
struct sockaddr SA;
-
int tcp_server_init(int port, int listen_num)
-
{
-
int errno_save;
-
evutil_socket_t listener;
-
-
listener = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM,
0);
-
if( listener ==
-1 )
-
return
-1;
-
-
//允许多次绑定同一个地址。要用在socket和bind之间
-
evutil_make_listen_socket_reuseable(listener);
-
-
struct sockaddr_in sin;
-
sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
-
sin.sin_addr.s_addr =
0;
-
sin.sin_port = htons(port);
-
-
if( ::bind(listener, (SA*)&
sin,
sizeof(
sin)) <
0 )
-
goto error;
-
-
if( ::listen(listener, listen_num) <
0)
-
goto error;
-
-
-
//跨平台统一接口，将套接字设置为非阻塞状态
-
evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(listener);
-
-
return listener;
-
-
error:
-
errno_save = errno;
-
evutil_closesocket(listener);
-
errno = errno_save;
-
-
return
-1;
-
}
中等：
客户端代码：
-
#include<sys/types.h>
-
#include<sys/socket.h>
-
#include<netinet/in.h>
-
#include<arpa/inet.h>
-
#include<errno.h>
-
#include<unistd.h>
-
-
#include<stdio.h>
-
#include<string.h>
-
#include<stdlib.h>
-
-
#include<event.h>
-
#include<event2/bufferevent.h>
-
#include<event2/buffer.h>
-
#include<event2/util.h>
-
-
-
-
-
int tcp_connect_server(const char* server_ip, int port);
-
-
-
void cmd_msg_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg);
-
void server_msg_cb(struct bufferevent* bev, void* arg);
-
void event_cb(struct bufferevent *bev, short event, void *arg);
-
-
int main(int argc, char** argv)
-
{
-
if( argc <
3 )
-
{
-
printf(
"please input 2 parameter\n");
-
return
-1;
-
}
-
-
-
//两个参数依次是服务器端的IP地址、端口号
-
int sockfd = tcp_connect_server(argv[
1], atoi(argv[
2]));
-
if( sockfd ==
-1)
-
{
-
perror(
"tcp_connect error ");
-
return
-1;
-
}
-
-
printf(
"connect to server successful\n");
-
-
struct event_base* base = event_base_new();
-
-
struct bufferevent* bev = bufferevent_socket_new(base, sockfd,
-
BEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE);
-
-
//监听终端输入事件
-
struct event* ev_cmd = event_new(base, STDIN_FILENO,
-
EV_READ | EV_PERSIST, cmd_msg_cb,
-
(void*)bev);
-
event_add(ev_cmd,
NULL);
-
-
//当socket关闭时会用到回调参数
-
bufferevent_setcb(bev, server_msg_cb,
NULL, event_cb, (
void*)ev_cmd);
-
bufferevent_enable(bev, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST);
-
-
-
event_base_dispatch(base);
-
-
printf(
"finished \n");
-
return
0;
-
}
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
void cmd_msg_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg)
-
{
-
char msg[
1024];
-
-
int ret = read(fd, msg,
sizeof(msg));
-
if( ret <
0 )
-
{
-
perror(
"read fail ");
-
exit(
1);
-
}
-
-
struct bufferevent* bev = (struct bufferevent*)arg;
-
-
//把终端的消息发送给服务器端
-
bufferevent_write(bev, msg, ret);
-
}
-
-
-
void server_msg_cb(struct bufferevent* bev, void* arg)
-
{
-
char msg[
1024];
-
-
size_t len = bufferevent_read(bev, msg,
sizeof(msg));
-
msg[len] =
'\0';
-
-
printf(
"recv %s from server\n", msg);
-
}
-
-
-
void event_cb(struct bufferevent *bev, short event, void *arg)
-
{
-
-
if (event & BEV_EVENT_EOF)
-
printf(
"connection closed\n");
-
else
if (event & BEV_EVENT_ERROR)
-
printf(
"some other error\n");
-
-
//这将自动close套接字和free读写缓冲区
-
bufferevent_free(bev);
-
-
struct event *ev = (struct event*)arg;
-
//因为socket已经没有，所以这个event也没有存在的必要了
-
event_free(ev);
-
}
-
-
-
typedef
struct sockaddr SA;
-
int tcp_connect_server(const char* server_ip, int port)
-
{
-
int sockfd, status, save_errno;
-
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
-
-
memset(&server_addr,
0,
sizeof(server_addr) );
-
-
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
-
server_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
-
status = inet_aton(server_ip, &server_addr.sin_addr);
-
-
if( status ==
0 )
//the server_ip is not valid value
-
{
-
errno = EINVAL;
-
return
-1;
-
}
-
-
sockfd = ::socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM,
0);
-
if( sockfd ==
-1 )
-
return sockfd;
-
-
-
status = ::connect(sockfd, (SA*)&server_addr,
sizeof(server_addr) );
-
-
if( status ==
-1 )
-
{
-
save_errno = errno;
-
::close(sockfd);
-
errno = save_errno;
//the close may be error
-
return
-1;
-
}
-
-
evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(sockfd);
-
-
return sockfd;
-
}
服务器端代码：
-
#include<stdio.h>
-
#include<string.h>
-
#include<errno.h>
-
-
#include<event.h>
-
#include<event2/bufferevent.h>
-
-
-
-
void accept_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg);
-
void socket_read_cb(bufferevent* bev, void* arg);
-
void event_cb(struct bufferevent *bev, short event, void *arg);
-
int tcp_server_init(int port, int listen_num);
-
-
int main(int argc, char** argv)
-
{
-
-
int listener = tcp_server_init(
9999,
10);
-
if( listener ==
-1 )
-
{
-
perror(
" tcp_server_init error ");
-
return
-1;
-
}
-
-
struct event_base* base = event_base_new();
-
-
//添加监听客户端请求连接事件
-
struct event* ev_listen = event_new(base, listener, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST,
-
accept_cb,
base);
-
event_add(ev_listen,
NULL);
-
-
-
event_base_dispatch(base);
-
event_base_free(base);
-
-
-
return
0;
-
}
-
-
-
-
void accept_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg)
-
{
-
evutil_socket_t sockfd;
-
-
struct sockaddr_in client;
-
socklen_t len =
sizeof(client);
-
-
sockfd = ::accept(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client, &len );
-
evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(sockfd);
-
-
printf(
"accept a client %d\n", sockfd);
-
-
struct event_base* base = (event_base*)arg;
-
-
bufferevent* bev = bufferevent_socket_new(base, sockfd, BEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE);
-
bufferevent_setcb(bev, socket_read_cb,
NULL, event_cb, arg);
-
-
bufferevent_enable(bev, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST);
-
}
-
-
-
-
void socket_read_cb(bufferevent* bev, void* arg)
-
{
-
char msg[
4096];
-
-
size_t len = bufferevent_read(bev, msg,
sizeof(msg));
-
-
msg[len] =
'\0';
-
printf(
"recv the client msg: %s", msg);
-
-
-
char reply_msg[
4096] =
"I have recvieced the msg: ";
-
-
strcat(reply_msg +
strlen(reply_msg), msg);
-
bufferevent_write(bev, reply_msg,
strlen(reply_msg));
-
}
-
-
-
-
void event_cb(struct bufferevent *bev, short event, void *arg)
-
{
-
-
if (event & BEV_EVENT_EOF)
-
printf(
"connection closed\n");
-
else
if (event & BEV_EVENT_ERROR)
-
printf(
"some other error\n");
-
-
//这将自动close套接字和free读写缓冲区
-
bufferevent_free(bev);
-
}
-
-
-
typedef
struct sockaddr SA;
-
int tcp_server_init(int port, int listen_num)
-
{
-
int errno_save;
-
evutil_socket_t listener;
-
-
listener = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM,
0);
-
if( listener ==
-1 )
-
return
-1;
-
-
//允许多次绑定同一个地址。要用在socket和bind之间
-
evutil_make_listen_socket_reuseable(listener);
-
-
struct sockaddr_in sin;
-
sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
-
sin.sin_addr.s_addr =
0;
-
sin.sin_port = htons(port);
-
-
if( ::bind(listener, (SA*)&
sin,
sizeof(
sin)) <
0 )
-
goto error;
-
-
if( ::listen(listener, listen_num) <
0)
-
goto error;
-
-
-
//跨平台统一接口，将套接字设置为非阻塞状态
-
evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(listener);
-
-
return listener;
-
-
error:
-
errno_save = errno;
-
evutil_closesocket(listener);
-
errno = errno_save;
-
-
return
-1;
-
}
高等：
客户端代码：
-
#include<sys/types.h>
-
#include<sys/socket.h>
-
#include<netinet/in.h>
-
#include<arpa/inet.h>
-
#include<errno.h>
-
#include<unistd.h>
-
-
#include<stdio.h>
-
#include<string.h>
-
#include<stdlib.h>
-
-
#include<event.h>
-
#include<event2/bufferevent.h>
-
#include<event2/buffer.h>
-
#include<event2/util.h>
-
-
-
-
-
int tcp_connect_server(const char* server_ip, int port);
-
-
-
void cmd_msg_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg);
-
void server_msg_cb(struct bufferevent* bev, void* arg);
-
void event_cb(struct bufferevent *bev, short event, void *arg);
-
-
int main(int argc, char** argv)
-
{
-
if( argc <
3 )
-
{
-
//两个参数依次是服务器端的IP地址、端口号
-
printf(
"please input 2 parameter\n");
-
return
-1;
-
}
-
-
struct event_base *base = event_base_new();
-
-
struct bufferevent* bev = bufferevent_socket_new(base, -1,
-
BEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE);
-
-
//监听终端输入事件
-
struct event* ev_cmd = event_new(base, STDIN_FILENO,
-
EV_READ |
EV_PERSIST,
-
cmd_msg_cb, (
void*)
bev);
-
-
-
event_add(ev_cmd,
NULL);
-
-
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
-
-
memset(&server_addr,
0,
sizeof(server_addr) );
-
-
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
-
server_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[
2]));
-
inet_aton(argv[
1], &server_addr.sin_addr);
-
-
bufferevent_socket_connect(bev, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr,
-
sizeof(server_addr));
-
-
-
bufferevent_setcb(bev, server_msg_cb,
NULL, event_cb, (
void*)ev_cmd);
-
bufferevent_enable(bev, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST);
-
-
-
-
event_base_dispatch(base);
-
-
printf(
"finished \n");
-
return
0;
-
}
-
-
-
-
-
-
void cmd_msg_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg)
-
{
-
char msg[
1024];
-
-
int ret = read(fd, msg,
sizeof(msg));
-
if( ret <
0 )
-
{
-
perror(
"read fail ");
-
exit(
1);
-
}
-
-
struct bufferevent* bev = (struct bufferevent*)arg;
-
-
//把终端的消息发送给服务器端
-
bufferevent_write(bev, msg, ret);
-
}
-
-
-
void server_msg_cb(struct bufferevent* bev, void* arg)
-
{
-
char msg[
1024];
-
-
size_t len = bufferevent_read(bev, msg,
sizeof(msg));
-
msg[len] =
'\0';
-
-
printf(
"recv %s from server\n", msg);
-
}
-
-
-
void event_cb(struct bufferevent *bev, short event, void *arg)
-
{
-
-
if (event & BEV_EVENT_EOF)
-
printf(
"connection closed\n");
-
else
if (event & BEV_EVENT_ERROR)
-
printf(
"some other error\n");
-
else
if( event & BEV_EVENT_CONNECTED)
-
{
-
printf(
"the client has connected to server\n");
-
return ;
-
}
-
-
//这将自动close套接字和free读写缓冲区
-
bufferevent_free(bev);
-
-
struct event *ev = (struct event*)arg;
-
event_free(ev);
-
}
-
服务器端代码：
-
#include<netinet/in.h>
-
#include<sys/socket.h>
-
#include<unistd.h>
-
-
#include<stdio.h>
-
#include<string.h>
-
-
#include<event.h>
-
#include<listener.h>
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#include<bufferevent.h>
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#include<thread.h>
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-
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void listener_cb(evconnlistener *listener, evutil_socket_t fd,
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struct sockaddr *sock, int socklen, void *arg);
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void socket_read_cb(bufferevent *bev, void *arg);
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void socket_event_cb(bufferevent *bev, short events, void *arg);
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int main()
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{
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//evthread_use_pthreads();//enable threads
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struct sockaddr_in sin;
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memset(&
sin,
0,
sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
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sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
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sin.sin_port = htons(
9999);
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event_base *base = event_base_new();
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evconnlistener *listener
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= evconnlistener_new_bind(base, listener_cb, base,
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LEV_OPT_REUSEABLE|LEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE,
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10, (struct sockaddr*)&
sin,
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sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
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event_base_dispatch(base);
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evconnlistener_free(listener);
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event_base_free(base);
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return
0;
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}
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-
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//一个新客户端连接上服务器了
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//当此函数被调用时，libevent已经帮我们accept了这个客户端。该客户端的
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//文件描述符为fd
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void listener_cb(evconnlistener *listener, evutil_socket_t fd,
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struct sockaddr *sock, int socklen, void *arg)
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{
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printf(
"accept a client %d\n", fd);
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event_base *base = (event_base*)arg;
-
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//为这个客户端分配一个bufferevent
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bufferevent *bev = bufferevent_socket_new(base, fd,
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BEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE);
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bufferevent_setcb(bev, socket_read_cb,
NULL, socket_event_cb,
NULL);
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bufferevent_enable(bev, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST);
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}
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void socket_read_cb(bufferevent *bev, void *arg)
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{
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char msg[
4096];
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size_t len = bufferevent_read(bev, msg,
sizeof(msg)
-1 );
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msg[len] =
'\0';
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printf(
"server read the data %s\n", msg);
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char reply[] =
"I has read your data";
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bufferevent_write(bev, reply,
strlen(reply) );
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}
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void socket_event_cb(bufferevent *bev, short events, void *arg)
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{
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if (events & BEV_EVENT_EOF)
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printf(
"connection closed\n");
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else
if (events & BEV_EVENT_ERROR)
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printf(
"some other error\n");
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//这将自动close套接字和free读写缓冲区
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bufferevent_free(bev);
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}
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