单例模式总结

Demo

/**
* @Desc：饿汉式-静态成员变量
* @Author: heling
* @Date: 2021/4/29 13:59
*/
public class HungrySingleton  {

    // 类加载的时候初始化一次，且线程安全
    private static final HungrySingleton instance = new HungrySingleton();

    private HungrySingleton(){

    }

    public static HungrySingleton getInstance(){
        return instance;
    }

}

/**
* @Desc：饿汉式-枚举
* @Author: heling
* @Date: 2021/4/29 14:28
*/
public enum EnumSingleleton {
    INSTANCE;
    public void doSomething(){
        System.out.println("do somthing");
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EnumSingleleton.INSTANCE.doSomething();
    }
}

/**
* @Desc：懒汉式-双重检查锁
* @Author: heling
* @Date: 2021/4/29 14:13
*/
public class DoubleCheckSingletion {

    private static volatile DoubleCheckSingletion instance;

    private DoubleCheckSingletion(){
        System.out.println("初始化");
    }

    public static DoubleCheckSingletion getInstance(){
        if (null == instance) {
            synchronized (DoubleCheckSingletion.class){
                if (null == instance) {
                    //非原子操作
                    //1、分配内存 2、实例化对象(instance == null) 3、instance指向内存地址（这一步结束，instance != null）
                    // 上面三步会发生重排序，如果3发生在2前面，那么其他线程可能拿到instance !=null,那么就拿到了一个没有实例化好的instance
                    // volatile修饰instance，禁止重排序
                    instance = new DoubleCheckSingletion();
                }
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DoubleCheckSingletion instance = DoubleCheckSingletion.getInstance();
        DoubleCheckSingletion instance2 = DoubleCheckSingletion.getInstance();
        System.out.println(instance == instance2);
    }
}

/**
* @Desc：懒汉式-静态内部类
* @Author: heling
* @Date: 2021/4/29 14:06
*/
public class InnerClassSingleton {

    private static class Holer {
        private static InnerClassSingleton instance = new InnerClassSingleton();
    }

    private InnerClassSingleton() {
        System.out.println("初始化");
    }

    public static InnerClassSingleton getInstance() {
        return Holer.instance;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        InnerClassSingleton instance = InnerClassSingleton.getInstance();
        InnerClassSingleton instance2 = InnerClassSingleton.getInstance();
        System.out.println(instance == instance2);
    }
}

public class HungrySingleton implements Serializable {

    private static final HungrySingleton instance = new HungrySingleton();

    private HungrySingleton(){

    }

    public static HungrySingleton getInstance(){
        return instance;
    }

    //防止反序列化破坏单例
    public Object readResolve(){
//        return getInstance();
        return instance;
    }