2.3.3 试证明两个相互独立的独立增量过程的和仍是独立增量过程。
解:
\space\space 设 { X ( t ) , t ∈ T } \{X(t),t \in T\} {
X(t),t∈T}, { Y ( t ) , t ∈ T } \{Y(t),t \in T\} {
Y(t),t∈T} 为独立增量过程, { Z ( t ) = X ( t ) + Y ( t ) , t ∈ T } \{Z(t) = X(t) + Y(t),t \in T\} {
Z(t)=X(t)+Y(t),t∈T}。则对于任意的 n 及 t 1 < t 2 < . . . < t n ∈ T n 及 t_1 < t_2 < ... < t_n \in T n及t1<t2<...<tn∈T 有
Z ( t 1 , t 2 ) = Z ( t 2 ) − Z ( t 1 ) = ( X ( t 2 ) − X ( t 1 ) ) + ( Y ( t 2 ) − Y ( t 1 ) ) Z(t_1,t_2) = Z(t_2)-Z(t_1)=(X(t_2)-X(t_1))+(Y(t_2)-Y(t1)) Z(t1,t2)=Z(t2)−Z(t1)=(X(t2)−X(t1))+(Y(t2)−Y(t1)) Z ( t 2 , t 3 ) = Z ( t 3 ) − Z ( t 2 ) = ( X ( t 3 ) − X ( t 2 ) ) + ( Y ( t 3 ) − Y ( t 2 ) ) Z(t_2,t_3) = Z(t_3)-Z(t_2)=(X(t_3)-X(t_2))+(Y(t_3)-Y(t2)) Z(t2,t3)=Z(t3)−Z(t2)=(X(t3)−X(t2))+(Y(t3)−Y(t2)) . . . ... ... Z ( t n − 1 , t n ) = Z ( t n ) − Z ( t n − 1 ) = ( X ( t n ) − X ( t n − 1 ) ) + ( Y ( t n ) − Y ( t n − 1 ) ) Z(t_{n-1},t_n) = Z(t_n)-Z(t_{n-1})=(X(t_n)-X(t_{n-1}))+(Y(t_n)-Y(t_{n-1})) Z(tn−1,tn)=Z(tn)−Z(tn−1)=(X(tn)−X(tn−1))+(Y(tn)−Y(tn−1))
∵ \because ∵ ( X ( t 2 ) − X ( t 1 ) ) , ( X ( t 3 ) − X ( t 2 ) ) . . . ( X ( t n ) − X ( t n − 1 ) ) (X(t_2)-X(t_1)),(X(t_3)-X(t_2)) ... (X(t_n)-X(t_{n-1})) (X(t2)−X(t1)),(X(t3)−X(t2))...(X(tn)−X(tn−1)) 且 ( Y ( t 2 ) − Y ( t 1 ) ) , ( Y ( t 3 ) − Y ( t 2 ) ) . . . ( Y ( t n ) − Y ( t n − 1 ) ) (Y(t_2)-Y(t1)),(Y(t_3)-Y(t2))...(Y(t_n)-Y(t_{n-1})) (Y(t2)−Y(t1)),(Y(t3)−Y(t2))...(Y(tn)−Y(tn−1)) 相互独立
∴ \therefore ∴ Z ( t 1 , t 2 ) , Z ( t 2 , t 3 ) . . . Z ( t n − 1 , t n ) Z(t_1,t_2),Z(t_2,t_3)...Z(t_{n-1},t_n) Z(t1,t2),Z(t2,t3)...Z(tn−1,tn) 相互独立
∴ \therefore ∴ 根据定义可知 { Z ( t ) = X ( t ) + Y ( t ) , t ∈ T } \{Z(t) = X(t) + Y(t),t \in T\} { Z(t)=X(t)+Y(t),t∈T} 为独立增量过程
∴ \therefore ∴ 两个相互独立的独立增量过程的和仍是独立增量过程