TCP套接字网络编程（三）
利用select函数的多路复用机制实现客户端和服务器的聊天，这样的好处时不用循环进行收发函数，只需要循环select就可以了，select来监听是否有读写操作，有的话会进行读写操作，没有的话根据设置的select等待时间来进行阻塞或是非阻塞操作，这样可以节省后台资源。
1.server部分
/*
* 文件：select_server.c
* 题目：
* 注：编译用如下命令：
* gcc -Wall select_server.c -o server
* gcc -Wall select_client.c -o client
* 运行用如下命令：
* ./server 7838 1
* ./client 127.0.0.1 7838
*/
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define MAXBUF 1024
int main(int argc,char** argv)
{
int sockfd,new_fd;
socklen_t len;
struct sockaddr_in my_addr,their_addr;
unsigned int myport,lisnum;
char buf[MAXBUF+1];
fd_set rfds;
struct timeval tv;
int retval,maxfd = -1;
if(argv[1] && argc >= 2)
myport = atoi(argv[1]);
else
myport = 7838;
if (argv[2] && argc >= 3)
lisnum = atoi(argv[2]);
else
lisnum = 2;
if((sockfd = socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0)) == -1)
{
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
bzero(&my_addr,sizeof(my_addr));
my_addr.sin_family = PF_INET;
my_addr.sin_port = htons(myport);
if(argv[3] && argc >= 4)
my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[3]);
else
my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
if(bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&my_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1)
{
perror("bind");
exit(1);
}
if(listen(sockfd,lisnum) == -1)
{
perror("listen");
exit(1);
}
while(1)
{
printf("\n----等待新的连接到来开始新一轮聊天......\n");
len = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
if ((new_fd = accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&their_addr,&len))==-1)
{
perror("accept");
exit(errno);
}
else
printf("server:got connection from %s,port %d,socket %d\n",inet_ntoa(their_addr.sin_addr),ntohs(their_addr.sin_port),new_fd);
//开始处理每个新连接上的数据接收
printf("\n准备就绪，可以开始新的聊天了......直接输入消息回车即可发消息给对方\n");
while(1)
{
FD_ZERO(&rfds);
FD_SET(0,&rfds);
maxfd = 0;
FD_SET(new_fd,&rfds);
if(new_fd > maxfd)
maxfd = new_fd;
tv.tv_sec = 1;
tv.tv_usec = 0;
retval = select(maxfd + 1,&rfds,NULL,NULL,&tv);
if(retval == -1)
{
printf("即将退出，select出错！%s",strerror(errno));
break;
}
else if(retval == 0)
{
printf("没有任何消息到来，用户也没有按键，继续等待......\n");
continue;
}
else
{
if(FD_ISSET(0,&rfds))
{
bzero(buf,MAXBUF + 1);
fgets(buf,MAXBUF,stdin);
if(!strncasecmp(buf,"quit",4))
{
printf("自己请求终止聊天！\n");
break;
}
len = send(new_fd,buf,strlen(buf) - 1,0);
if(len > 0)
printf("消息:%s\t发送成功，共发送了%d个字节！\n",buf,len);
else
{
printf("消息'%s'发送失败！错误代码是%d，错误信息是'%s'\n",buf,errno,strerror(errno));
break;
}
}
if(FD_ISSET(new_fd,&rfds))
{
bzero(buf,MAXBUF+1);
len = recv(new_fd,buf,MAXBUF,0);
if(len > 0)
printf("接收消息成功:'%s',共%d个字节的数据\n",buf,len);
else
{
if(len < 0)
printf("接收消息失败！错误代码是%d,错误信息是'%s'\n",errno,strerror(errno));
else
printf("对方退出了，聊天终止\n");
break;
}
}
}
}
close(new_fd);
printf("还要和其它连接聊天吗？（no退出）");
fflush(stdout);
bzero(buf,MAXBUF+1);
fgets(buf,MAXBUF,stdin);
if(!strncasecmp(buf,"no",2))
{
printf("终止聊天！\n");
break;
}
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define MAXBUF 1024
int main(int argc,char** argv)
{
int sockfd,new_fd;
socklen_t len;
struct sockaddr_in my_addr,their_addr;
unsigned int myport,lisnum;
char buf[MAXBUF+1];
fd_set rfds;
struct timeval tv;
int retval,maxfd = -1;
if(argv[1] && argc >= 2)
myport = atoi(argv[1]);
else
myport = 7838;
if (argv[2] && argc >= 3)
lisnum = atoi(argv[2]);
else
lisnum = 2;
if((sockfd = socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0)) == -1)
{
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
bzero(&my_addr,sizeof(my_addr));
my_addr.sin_family = PF_INET;
my_addr.sin_port = htons(myport);
if(argv[3] && argc >= 4)
my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[3]);
else
my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
if(bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&my_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1)
{
perror("bind");
exit(1);
}
if(listen(sockfd,lisnum) == -1)
{
perror("listen");
exit(1);
}
while(1)
{
printf("\n----等待新的连接到来开始新一轮聊天......\n");
len = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
if ((new_fd = accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&their_addr,&len))==-1)
{
perror("accept");
exit(errno);
}
else
printf("server:got connection from %s,port %d,socket %d\n",inet_ntoa(their_addr.sin_addr),ntohs(their_addr.sin_port),new_fd);
//开始处理每个新连接上的数据接收
printf("\n准备就绪，可以开始新的聊天了......直接输入消息回车即可发消息给对方\n");
while(1)
{
FD_ZERO(&rfds);
FD_SET(0,&rfds);
maxfd = 0;
FD_SET(new_fd,&rfds);
if(new_fd > maxfd)
maxfd = new_fd;
tv.tv_sec = 1;
tv.tv_usec = 0;
retval = select(maxfd + 1,&rfds,NULL,NULL,&tv);
if(retval == -1)
{
printf("即将退出，select出错！%s",strerror(errno));
break;
}
else if(retval == 0)
{
printf("没有任何消息到来，用户也没有按键，继续等待......\n");
continue;
}
else
{
if(FD_ISSET(0,&rfds))
{
bzero(buf,MAXBUF + 1);
fgets(buf,MAXBUF,stdin);
if(!strncasecmp(buf,"quit",4))
{
printf("自己请求终止聊天！\n");
break;
}
len = send(new_fd,buf,strlen(buf) - 1,0);
if(len > 0)
printf("消息:%s\t发送成功，共发送了%d个字节！\n",buf,len);
else
{
printf("消息'%s'发送失败！错误代码是%d，错误信息是'%s'\n",buf,errno,strerror(errno));
break;
}
}
if(FD_ISSET(new_fd,&rfds))
{
bzero(buf,MAXBUF+1);
len = recv(new_fd,buf,MAXBUF,0);
if(len > 0)
printf("接收消息成功:'%s',共%d个字节的数据\n",buf,len);
else
{
if(len < 0)
printf("接收消息失败！错误代码是%d,错误信息是'%s'\n",errno,strerror(errno));
else
printf("对方退出了，聊天终止\n");
break;
}
}
}
}
close(new_fd);
printf("还要和其它连接聊天吗？（no退出）");
fflush(stdout);
bzero(buf,MAXBUF+1);
fgets(buf,MAXBUF,stdin);
if(!strncasecmp(buf,"no",2))
{
printf("终止聊天！\n");
break;
}
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}2.client部分
/*
* 文件：select_client.c
* 题目：
* 注：编译用如下命令：
* gcc -Wall select_server.c -o server
* gcc -Wall select_client.c -o client
* 运行用如下命令：
* ./server 7838 1
* ./client 127.0.0.1 7838
*/
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define MAXBUF 1024
int main(int argc,char** argv)
{
int sockfd,len;
struct sockaddr_in dest;
char buffer[MAXBUF+1];
fd_set rfds;
struct timeval tv;
int retval,maxfd = -1;
if(argc != 3)
{
printf("参数格式错误！正确用法如下：\n\t\t%sIP地址 端口\n\t比如：\t%s127.0.0.1 80\n此程序用来从某个IP地址的服务器某个端口接收最多MAXBUF个字节消息",argv[0],argv[0]);
exit(0);
}
if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0)) < 0)
{
perror("socket");
exit(errno);
}
bzero(&dest,sizeof(dest));
dest.sin_family = AF_INET;
dest.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
if(inet_aton(argv[1],(struct in_addr*)&dest.sin_addr.s_addr) == 0)
{
perror(argv[1]);
exit(errno);
}
if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&dest,sizeof(dest))!=0)
{
perror("connect");
exit(errno);
}
printf("\n准备就绪，可以开始聊天了......直接输入消息回车即可发消息给对方\n");
while(1)
{
FD_ZERO(&rfds);
FD_SET(0,&rfds);
maxfd = 0;
FD_SET(sockfd,&rfds);
if(sockfd > maxfd)
maxfd = sockfd;
tv.tv_sec = 1;
tv.tv_usec = 0;
retval = select(maxfd + 1,&rfds,NULL,NULL,&tv);
if(retval == -1)
{
printf("将退出，select出错！%s",strerror(errno));
break;
}
else if(retval == 0)
{
printf("没有任何消息到来，用户也没有按键，继续等待......\n");
continue;
}
else
{
if(FD_ISSET(sockfd,&rfds))
{
bzero(buffer,MAXBUF+1);
len = recv(sockfd,buffer,MAXBUF,0);
if(len > 0)
printf("接收消息成功：'%s',共%d个字节的数据\n",buffer,len);
else
{
if(len < 0)
printf("消息接收失败!错误代码是%d,错误信息是'%s'\n",errno,strerror(errno));
else
printf("对方退出了，聊天终止！\n");
break;
}
}
if(FD_ISSET(0,&rfds))
{
bzero(buffer,MAXBUF+1);
fgets(buffer,MAXBUF,stdin);
if(!strncasecmp(buffer,"quit",4))
{
printf("自己请求终止聊天！\n");
break;
}
len = send(sockfd,buffer,strlen(buffer)-1,0);
if(len < 0)
{
printf("消息'%s'发送失败！错误代码是%d，错误信息是'%s'\n",buffer,errno,strerror(errno));
break;
}
else
printf("消息：%s\t发送成功，共发送了%d个字节\n",buffer,len);
}
}
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define MAXBUF 1024
int main(int argc,char** argv)
{
int sockfd,len;
struct sockaddr_in dest;
char buffer[MAXBUF+1];
fd_set rfds;
struct timeval tv;
int retval,maxfd = -1;
if(argc != 3)
{
printf("参数格式错误！正确用法如下：\n\t\t%sIP地址 端口\n\t比如：\t%s127.0.0.1 80\n此程序用来从某个IP地址的服务器某个端口接收最多MAXBUF个字节消息",argv[0],argv[0]);
exit(0);
}
if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0)) < 0)
{
perror("socket");
exit(errno);
}
bzero(&dest,sizeof(dest));
dest.sin_family = AF_INET;
dest.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
if(inet_aton(argv[1],(struct in_addr*)&dest.sin_addr.s_addr) == 0)
{
perror(argv[1]);
exit(errno);
}
if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&dest,sizeof(dest))!=0)
{
perror("connect");
exit(errno);
}
printf("\n准备就绪，可以开始聊天了......直接输入消息回车即可发消息给对方\n");
while(1)
{
FD_ZERO(&rfds);
FD_SET(0,&rfds);
maxfd = 0;
FD_SET(sockfd,&rfds);
if(sockfd > maxfd)
maxfd = sockfd;
tv.tv_sec = 1;
tv.tv_usec = 0;
retval = select(maxfd + 1,&rfds,NULL,NULL,&tv);
if(retval == -1)
{
printf("将退出，select出错！%s",strerror(errno));
break;
}
else if(retval == 0)
{
printf("没有任何消息到来，用户也没有按键，继续等待......\n");
continue;
}
else
{
if(FD_ISSET(sockfd,&rfds))
{
bzero(buffer,MAXBUF+1);
len = recv(sockfd,buffer,MAXBUF,0);
if(len > 0)
printf("接收消息成功：'%s',共%d个字节的数据\n",buffer,len);
else
{
if(len < 0)
printf("消息接收失败!错误代码是%d,错误信息是'%s'\n",errno,strerror(errno));
else
printf("对方退出了，聊天终止！\n");
break;
}
}
if(FD_ISSET(0,&rfds))
{
bzero(buffer,MAXBUF+1);
fgets(buffer,MAXBUF,stdin);
if(!strncasecmp(buffer,"quit",4))
{
printf("自己请求终止聊天！\n");
break;
}
len = send(sockfd,buffer,strlen(buffer)-1,0);
if(len < 0)
{
printf("消息'%s'发送失败！错误代码是%d，错误信息是'%s'\n",buffer,errno,strerror(errno));
break;
}
else
printf("消息：%s\t发送成功，共发送了%d个字节\n",buffer,len);
}
}
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
结果：
1216
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