python坐标轴刻度设置_Python绘图Matplotlib之坐标轴及刻度总结

Matplotlib使用总结图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei'] # 用来正常显示中文标签

plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False # 用来正常显示负号

import pandas as pd

import numpy as np

新建隐藏坐标轴

from mpl_toolkits.axisartist.axislines import SubplotZero

import numpy as np

fig = plt.figure(1, (10, 6))

ax = SubplotZero(fig, 1, 1, 1)

fig.add_subplot(ax)

"""新建坐标轴"""

ax.axis["xzero"].set_visible(True)

ax.axis["xzero"].label.set_text("新建y=0坐标")

ax.axis["xzero"].label.set_color('green')

# ax.axis['yzero'].set_visible(True)

# ax.axis["yzero"].label.set_text("新建x=0坐标")

# 新建一条y=2横坐标轴

ax.axis["新建1"] = ax.new_floating_axis(nth_coord=0, value=2,axis_direction="bottom")

ax.axis["新建1"].toggle(all=True)

ax.axis["新建1"].label.set_text("y = 2横坐标")

ax.axis["新建1"].label.set_color('blue')

"""坐标箭头"""

ax.axis["xzero"].set_axisline_style("-|>")

"""隐藏坐标轴"""

# 方法一：隐藏上边及右边

# ax.axis["right"].set_visible(False)

# ax.axis["top"].set_visible(False)

#方法二：可以一起写

ax.axis["top",'right'].set_visible(False)

# 方法三：利用 for in

# for n in ["bottom", "top", "right"]:

# ax.axis[n].set_visible(False)

"""设置刻度"""

ax.set_ylim(-3, 3)

ax.set_yticks([-1,-0.5,0,0.5,1])

ax.set_xlim([-5, 8])

# ax.set_xticks([-5,5,1])

#设置网格样式

ax.grid(True, linestyle='-.')

xx = np.arange(-4, 2*np.pi, 0.01)

ax.plot(xx, np.sin(xx))

# 于 offset 处新建一条纵坐标

offset = (40, 0)

new_axisline = ax.get_grid_helper().new_fixed_axis

ax.axis["新建2"] = new_axisline(loc="right", offset=offset, axes=ax)

ax.axis["新建2"].label.set_text("新建纵坐标")

ax.axis["新建2"].label.set_color('red')

plt.show()

# 存为图像

# fig.savefig('test.png')

from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1 import host_subplot

import mpl_toolkits.axisartist as AA

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

host = host_subplot(111, axes_class=AA.Axes)

plt.subplots_adjust(right=0.75)

par1 = host.twinx()

par2 = host.twinx()

offset = 100

new_fixed_axis = par2.get_grid_helper().new_fixed_axis

par2.axis["right"] = new_fixed_axis(loc="right",

axes=par2,

offset=(offset, 0))

par1.axis["right"].toggle(all=True)

par2.axis["right"].toggle(all=True)

host.set_xlim(0, 2)

host.set_ylim(0, 2)

host.set_xlabel("Distance")

host.set_ylabel("Density")

par1.set_ylabel("Temperature")

par2.set_ylabel("Velocity")

p1, = host.plot([0, 1, 2], [0, 1, 2], label="Density")

p2, = par1.plot([0, 1, 2], [0, 3, 2], label="Temperature")

p3, = par2.plot([0, 1, 2], [50, 30, 15], label="Velocity")

par1.set_ylim(0, 4)

par2.set_ylim(1, 65)

host.legend()

host.axis["left"].label.set_color(p1.get_color())

par1.axis["right"].label.set_color(p2.get_color())

par2.axis["right"].label.set_color(p3.get_color())

plt.draw()

plt.show()

#　第二坐标

fig, ax_f = plt.subplots()

# 这步是关键

ax_c = ax_f.twinx()

ax_d = ax_f.twiny()

# automatically update ylim of ax2 when ylim of ax1 changes.

# ax_f.callbacks.connect("ylim_changed", convert_ax_c_to_celsius)

ax_f.plot(np.linspace(-40, 120, 100))

ax_f.set_xlim(0, 100)

# ax_f.set_title('第二坐标', size=14)

ax_f.set_ylabel('Y轴',color='r')

ax_f.set_xlabel('X轴',color='c')

ax_c.set_ylabel('第二Ｙ轴', color='b')

ax_c.set_yticklabels(["$0$", r"$\frac{1}{2}\pi$", r"$\pi$", r"$\frac{3}{2}\pi$", r"$2\pi$"])

# ax_c.set_ylim(1,5)

ax_d.set_xlabel('第二X轴', color='g')

ax_d.set_xlim(-1,1)

plt.show()

刻度及标记

import mpl_toolkits.axisartist.axislines as axislines

fig = plt.figure(1, figsize=(10, 6))

fig.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.2)

# 子图1

ax1 = axislines.Subplot(fig, 131)

fig.add_subplot(ax1)

# for axis in ax.axis.values():

# axis.major_ticks.set_tick_out(True) # 标签全部在外部

ax1.axis[:].major_ticks.set_tick_out(True) # 这句和上面的for循环功能相同