java调用linux设备,使用Java调用Linux系统命令

有时候，咱们在使用Java作一些操做时，可能性能上并不能达到咱们满意的效果，就拿最近工做中的遇到的一个场景来讲，须要对大量的小文件进行合并成一个大文件。java

最开始的想法是使用Java作文件操做，遍历全部小文件而后往一个文件写(能够作成并发写)，可是发现操做过程当中遇到个问题，写一千多个小文件在本机Windows下须要花费几十秒的时间，即便在Linux环境下高配置的机器也须要将近十秒，这明显对接口的响应时间产生重要影响。这块怎么优化下呢？apache

咱们都知道在Linux下能够进行大文件的分割和合并，分别采用split和cat命令，因而作了个实验，在Linux下对相同的一个1G文件进行切割成1000个小文件，而后对这一千多个小文件进行合并。效果是惊人的！！！居然瞬间就能合成完成了！这更加让我坚决了应该使用系统命令进行批量小文件进行合并的想法。并发

咱们这里封装一个类，用来调用系统命令，而后获得系统调用的返回结果。app

咱们先封装了一个返回结果类：框架

package com.majing.learning.fileupload.common.process;

public class ProcessResult {

private boolean success = false;

private String errorMessage;

private String outputMessage;

public boolean isSuccess() {

return success;

}

public void setSuccess(boolean success) {

this.success = success;

}

public String getErrorMessage() {

return errorMessage;

}

public void setErrorMessage(String errorMessage) {

this.errorMessage = errorMessage;

}

public String getOutputMessage() {

return outputMessage;

}

public void setOutputMessage(String outputMessage) {

this.outputMessage = outputMessage;

}

}

接着咱们给出封装的系统调用实现类：ide

package com.majing.learning.fileupload.common.process;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;

public class CommandUtils {

public static ProcessResult runCmdTest(ExecutorService executorService, String command) throws IOException, InterruptedException {

StringBuilder queryInputResult = new StringBuilder();

StringBuilder queryErroInputResult = new StringBuilder();

ProcessResult processResult = new ProcessResult();

String[] cmd = { "/bin/sh", "-c", command};

Process pro = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);

CountDownLatch lock = new CountDownLatch(2);

executorService.submit(new ProcessCheckTask(queryInputResult, lock, pro.getInputStream()));

executorService.submit(new ProcessCheckTask(queryErroInputResult, lock, pro.getErrorStream()));

boolean done = false;

while (!done) {

lock.await();

done = true;

}

processResult.setOutputMessage(queryInputResult.toString());

processResult.setErrorMessage(queryErroInputResult.toString());

processResult.setSuccess(StringUtils.isBlank(processResult.getErrorMessage()));

return processResult;

}

}

其中ProcessCheckTask类以下：性能

package com.majing.learning.fileupload.common.process;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import com.majing.learning.fileupload.common.ConstValues;

public class ProcessCheckTask implements Runnable {

private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ProcessCheckTask.class);

/** 锁 */

private CountDownLatch lock;

/** 执行结果输入流 */

private InputStream inputStream;

/** 字符拼接 */

private StringBuilder queryInputResult;

public ProcessCheckTask(StringBuilder queryInputResult, CountDownLatch lock, InputStream inputStream) {

super();

this.lock = lock;

this.inputStream = inputStream;

this.queryInputResult = queryInputResult;

}

@Override

public void run() {

try {

BufferedReader bf = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));

String line = null;

while ((line = bf.readLine()) != null && line.length() > 0) {

queryInputResult.append(line).append("\n");

}

} catch (Exception e) {

logger.error(ConstValues.EXCEPTION_OCCURED, e);

} finally {

lock.countDown();

}

}

}

上面是一个简单实现，可是可能会存在一个问题，那就是执行系统命令的时间若是自己比较长，若是不想一直等待到系统命令执行完，而是在一段时间没有返回就直接认为失败，因此须要增长过时时间的考虑。这里我借助于Future框架，将上面的调用系统命令的方法封装成一个Callable对象。优化

package com.majing.learning.fileupload.common.process;

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;

public class CommandTask implements Callable{

private ExecutorService executorService;

private String command;

public CommandTask(ExecutorService executorService, String command){

this.executorService = executorService;

this.command = command;

}

@Override

public ProcessResult call() throws Exception {

return CommandUtils.runCmdTest(executorService, command);

}

}

而后在上面的CommandUtils的基础上再封装一层变成CommandHelper，具体实现以下：ui

package com.majing.learning.fileupload.common.process;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;

import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

import java.util.concurrent.Future;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import com.majing.learning.fileupload.common.ConstValues;

public class CommandHelper {

private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CommandHelper.class);

private static ExecutorService executorService=Executors.newFixedThreadPool(50);

private static long default_timeout = 8000;

public static ProcessResult process(String command){

return process(command, default_timeout, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);

}

public static ProcessResult process(String command, long timeout, TimeUnit unit){

CommandTask commandTask = new CommandTask(executorService, command);

Future processResult = executorService.submit(commandTask);

ProcessResult result = null;

try{

result = processResult.get(timeout, unit);

}catch(Exception e){

logger.error(ConstValues.EXCEPTION_OCCURED, e);

}

return result;

}

}

至此，咱们在须要调用系统命令时直接调用CommandHelper.process(command)就能够了，而后拿到返回结果ProcessResult。我也是本身作个记录，有须要的朋友能够直接拿去用。this

顺便说一句，采用封装的这个类在完成上面相同的任务时，时间都在相同的机器上，耗时从原来的10s瞬间减小至200ms之内，因而可知，在适当的场景调用系统命令是多么重要啊。