opencv学习之C++

从头开始学opencv，长期更新记录。参考书籍Learning OpenCv3

visual studio+opencv配置

下载opencv网址https://opencv.org/releases/
下载visual studio2022 网址：https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/zh-hans/vs/

新建一个控制台应用：
右击属性

分别在VC++目录添加：D:\opencv\build\include\opencv2
库目录添加：D:\opencv\build\x64\vc15\lib
输入附加依赖项添加：opencv_world460d.lib
注意d表示vs debug模式下
如何仍出现报错，把opencv下opencv_world460d.lib，opencv_world460.lib
复制到C盘下C:\Windows\SysWOW64和C:\Windows\System32下

显示照片的程序

#include <iostream>
#include <opencv.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{	
	Mat img = imread(argv[1], -1);//读取图片文件
	std::cout << "Hello World!\n";
	if (img.empty())
		return -1;
	namedWindow("Example", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("Example", img);
	waitKey(0);
	destroyWindow("Example");		
	return 0;	
    std::cout << "Hello World!\n";
}

Mat img = imread(argv[1], -1)//
argv[1]表示图片文件路径，-1标志位，可点开enum参看枚举

直接生成解决方案，
win+R,CMD

这个就是方便调用任意位置照片。
也可以手动代码调用：
string img1 = “D:/mycode/opencv_001/x64/Debug/001.jpg”;
Mat img = imread(img1, -1);
这个debug就可以显示照片

视频播放器

#include <iostream>
#include <opencv.hpp>
#include<opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include<opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
	cv::namedWindow("Example", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	cv::VideoCapture cap;
	cap.open(argv[1], 0);
	cv::Mat frame;
	while(1) {
		cap >> frame;
		if (frame.empty())break;
		cv::imshow("Example", frame);
		if (cv::waitKey(33) >= 0)break;

	}
	destroyWindow("Example");
	return 0;
}

以上代码能播放单纯视频文件，按任意键退出

#include <iostream>
#include <opencv.hpp>
#include<opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include<opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include<fstream>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
int g_slide_position = 0;
int g_run = 1, g_dontset = 0;
cv::VideoCapture g_cap;

void onTrackbarSlide(int pos, void*) {
	g_cap.set(cv::CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES, pos);
	if (!g_dontset)
		g_run = 1;
	g_dontset = 0;
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
	cv::namedWindow("Example", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	//cv::VideoCapture cap;
	g_cap.open(argv[1], 0);
	int frames = (int)g_cap.get(cv::CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT);
	int tmpw = (int)g_cap.get(cv::CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH);
	int tmph = (int)g_cap.get(cv::CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT);
	cout << "video has  " << frames << "frame of dimensions " << tmpw << "," << tmph << endl;
	cv::createTrackbar("Position", "Example", &g_slide_position, frames, onTrackbarSlide);

	cv::Mat frame;
	while(true) {
		if (g_run != 0) {
			g_cap >> frame;
			//g_run = -1;
			if (frame.empty())break;
			int current_pos = (int)g_cap.get(cv::CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES);
			g_dontset = 1;
			cout << "debug1" << endl;
			cv::setTrackbarPos("Position", "Example", current_pos);
			cout << "debug2" << endl;
			cv::imshow("Example", frame);
			g_run -= 1;
		}
		char c = (char)waitKey(33);
		if (c == 's') {
				g_run = 1;
				cout << "single step,run=" << g_run << endl;
			}
		if (c == 'r') {
				g_run = -1; cout << "run mode,run=" << g_run << endl;
			}
		if (c == 27||c=='q') {
				break;
			}		
	}
	cv::destroyWindow("Example");
	return 0;
}

按esc或q退出，s单帧观看，r连续查看

后面就是GaussianBlur高斯模糊，pyrDown降采样（每操作一次，图像长宽降低一半，面积降低1/4），Canny边缘检测（需将图像灰度后执行此操作），代码如下
添加函数

void gBlur(const cv::Mat& image) {
	cv::namedWindow("in", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	cv::namedWindow("out", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	cv::imshow("in", image);
	cv::Mat	out;
	cv::GaussianBlur(image, out, cv::Size(5, 5), 3, 3);
	//cv::GaussianBlur(out, out, cv::Size(5, 5), 3, 3);
	cv::imshow("out", out);
}

cv::Mat frame;
cv::Mat frame1, frame2;
cv::Mat img_gry, img_cny;
while(true) {
	if (g_run != 0) {
		g_cap >> frame;
		//g_run = -1;
		if (frame.empty())break;
		int current_pos = (int)g_cap.get(cv::CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES);
		g_dontset = 1;
		cv::setTrackbarPos("Position", "Example", current_pos);
		cv::imshow("Example", frame);
		cv:cvtColor(frame, img_gry, cv::COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
		cv::imshow("gray", img_gry);
		cv::Canny(img_gry, img_cny, 10, 100, 3, true);
		cv::imshow("Canny", img_cny);
		cv::pyrDown(frame, frame1);
		cv::pyrDown(frame1, frame1);
		cv::imshow("Example1", frame1);
		gBlur(frame);
		g_run -= 1;
	}

效果如下：
注意cv::destroyWindow(“xxx”)各个窗口。