RabbitMq实战——外卖派单通过补单系统实现分布式事务

一、分布式事务

请参考：分布式事务-LCN_熟透的蜗牛的博客-CSDN博客

二、思路原理

 当派单系统派单成功之后，订单系统报错，此时将会产生分布式事务的问题，派单数据生成，但此时订单数据异常事务回滚，就发生了分布式事务问题。此时解决分布式事务，生成一个订单的消费者，专门去消费生成订单异常时的一个程序，我们称之为补单系统。

三、代码

订单派单

package com.xiaojie.service.impl;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.xiaojie.entity.Order;
import com.xiaojie.mapper.OrderMapper;
import com.xiaojie.service.OrderService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.UUID;

/**
 * @author xiaojie
 * @version 1.0
 * @description:
 * @date 2021/10/11 22:09
 */
@Service
@Slf4j
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService, RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback {
    //定义交换机
    private static final String XIAOJIE_ORDER_EXCHANGE = "xiaojie_order_exchange";
    @Autowired
    private OrderMapper orderMapper;
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Override
    @Transactional
    public String saveOrder() {
        Order order = new Order();
        String orderId = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        order.setOrderId(orderId);
        order.setOrderName("小谷姐姐麻辣烫");
        order.setPayMoney(35.68);
        order.setStatus(1);//假设订单支付完成
        int result = orderMapper.addOrder(order);
        if (result < 0) {
            return "下单失败";
        }
        //发送派单
        String orderJson = JSONObject.toJSONString(order);
        sendDispatchMsg(orderJson);
        //模拟报错
        int i = 1 / 0;
        return orderId;
    }

    @Async
    public void sendDispatchMsg(String jsonMSg) {
        // 设置生产者消息确认机制
        this.rabbitTemplate.setMandatory(true);
        this.rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(this);
        CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData();
        correlationData.setId(jsonMSg);
        //将订单数据发送
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(XIAOJIE_ORDER_EXCHANGE, "", jsonMSg, correlationData);
    }

    @Override
    public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean ack, String s) {
        if (ack) {
            log.info(">>>>>>>>消息发送成功:correlationData:{},ack:{},s:{}", correlationData, ack, s);
        } else {
            log.info(">>>>>>>消息发送失败{}", ack);
        }
    }
}

补单系统消费端

package com.xiaojie.consumer;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.xiaojie.entity.Order;
import com.xiaojie.mapper.OrderMapper;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author xiaojie
 * @version 1.0
 * @description: 补单消费者
 * @date 2021/10/11 22:37
 */
@Component
public class OrderConsumer {

    @Autowired
    private OrderMapper orderMapper;

    @RabbitListener(queues = {"xiaojie_order_queue"})
    /**
     * @description: 补单消费者，补偿分布式事务解决框架 数据最终一致性
     * @param:
     * @param: message
     * @param: channel
     * @return: void
     * @author xiaojie
     * @date: 2021/10/11 22:41
     */
    public void compensateOrder(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException {
        // 1.获取消息
        String msg = new String(message.getBody());
        // 2.获取order对象
        Order orderEntity = JSONObject.parseObject(msg, Order.class);
        //根据订单号查询订单是否存在
        Order dbOrder = orderMapper.getOrder(orderEntity.getOrderId());
        if (dbOrder != null) {
            // 手动ack丢弃消息
            channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);
            return;
        }
        //订单没有生成，开始补单
        int result = orderMapper.addOrder(orderEntity);
        if (result > 0) {
            // 手动ack 删除该消息
            channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);
        }
    }
}

派单消费者

package com.xiaojie.consumer;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.xiaojie.entity.Dispatch;
import com.xiaojie.mapper.DispatchMapper;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author xiaojie
 * @version 1.0
 * @description: 派单消费者
 * @date 2021/10/11 22:58
 */
@Component
public class DispatchConsumer {
    @Autowired
    private DispatchMapper dispatchMapper;
    @RabbitListener(queues = "dispatch_order_queue")
    public void dispatchConsumer(Message message, Channel channel) throws IOException {
        // 1.获取消息
        String msg = new String(message.getBody());
        // 2.转换json
        JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(msg);
        String orderId = jsonObject.getString("orderId");
        // 计算分配的快递员id
        Dispatch dispatch=new Dispatch();
        dispatch.setOrderId(orderId);
        //经过一系列的算法得到送餐时间为30分钟
        dispatch.setSendTime(30*60L);
        dispatch.setRiderId(1000012L);
        dispatch.setUserId(15672L);
        // 3.插入我们的数据库
        int result = dispatchMapper.saveDispatch(dispatch);
        if (result > 0) {
            // 手动ack 删除该消息
            channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(), false);
        }
    }
}

完整代码参考：项目中mq-transaction子模块

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